Maniyyi Budenny: biography na kwamandan da kuma ban sha'awa facts

Maniyyi Mihaylovich Budenny - daya daga cikin shahararrun haruffa na Soviet tarihi. A Soviet sau, ya aka birge, yaba shi, da kuma lambobin yabo da ya samu kawai fit a kan kirji. Bayan rushewar Tarayyar Soviet shi aka zarge shi da duk mutum zunubai, domin kalubalantar ya jagoranci da basira, to neman fitar da flaws a cikin rayuwa. A gaskiya, kamar yadda ko da yaushe, shi ne a tsakiyar. Marshall ya ba da wani tunani hali, amma da basira da kuma nasarori ne undeniable. Wanne sanã'anta daraja, da girma, da maniyyi Budenny? Biography, ban sha'awa facts za a gabatar da hankali a cikin wannan labarin.

Voronezh a kan Don

Kõfatansu a kan duwatsu cavalryman bayyana Cossack Budyonny duk saboda an haife shi (25 (13) Afrilu 1883) a kan Don, a wani yankin karkara Kozyurin, kusa da kauyen na Platov. Amma, uwãyensa sun kasance bare, a 'yan qasar na Voronezh lardin, da kuma Cossack da babu hakkokin (a Don nonresident kira irin wannan).

The iyali ya matalauta da yawa yara (8 yara), amma abokantaka da kuma mutunta. Saminu (na biyu dan) ya 8 shekaru don samun wani aiki da m Yatskin. Ya yi aiki tare da shi har 1903 (farko yi errands, sa'an nan ya yi aiki a cikin ƙirƙira, kuma daga baya ya zama wani direban inji), da kuma a lokacin gudanar da koyi karatu da rubutu da taimakon da magatakarda.

Ba kasancewa a Cossack, maniyyin Budenny, a takaice biography ne ban sha'awa ga dukkan masoya na tarihi, ya ƙware da Cossack soja hikima da ikon yanke inabi (zanga-zanga motsa jiki don mahayan) gudanar da mamaki har ma da War Ministan Kuropatkin.

Biyu yaƙe-yaƙe da St. George ta kintinkiri

A 1903 Semena Budennogo (ta, to, haƙĩƙa aure) da aka girke. Service ya fara a cikin Far East, ya takara a yaki da Japan na 1904-1905.

Bayan soja sabis Budyonny soja aka kuma a 1907 aka aika zuwa jami'an 'makaranta darussa ga ƙananan darajõji (as mafi kyau sojoji na rajimanti). A sakamakon da farko Duniya, ya riga ya mai da ba izini jami'in wanda ya yi yaƙi da Jamusawa da Turkawa.

Budyonny yi yaƙi sosai da shi ya zama ma'abũcin "full baka" - da George Cross da dukan iko da St. George samu lambar, ma, na duk digiri. Crosses shi, tsananin magana, akwai biyar. A farko huɗu-mataki tafi bayan Budyonny ba ma tauri saja. Wancan, da shi kansa Laifi - datti da kuma la'ani saja buga shi da farko. Amma shi ya kasance wani babban jami'i, da kuma wata lambar yabo daga Budennogo tafi.

Bayan fall na tsarist Budyonny ya zama shugaban regimental kwamitin. Ya na da damar shiga a cikin danniya na Kornilov tawaye.

Mutane da yawa daga cikin mu da Budennogo

Biography Budennogo Semena Mihaylovicha ce bayan watan Oktoba, ya koma gida, da Don, kuma shi ya halicci wani sauyi sojojin doki. Haka abin ya fara almara farko sojan doki ...

Na farko, ya jam'iyyar shiga cikin rajimanti P. Dumenko. Sai rajimanti juya Brigade, daga baya - Division, ya bambanta kansa a cikin fadace-fadace na Tsaritsyn.

A lokacin rani na shekara ta 1919 aka yanke shawarar kirkiro wata babbar a cikin Red Army sojan doki raka'a - na farko harka. A ta kai tsaye Budyonny. A cikin kaka na wannan shekara, cikin jiki da aka canza kama zuwa da farko sojojin doki Army. Yana zama mafi shahara ja soja raka'a. A yakin basasa ya ba tukuna ƙare, amma game da "Budenny" sun riga ya fara gaya Legends. The sojojin da kwamandan sun Popular a Soviet art na composing su kula da labaru ga yara, da aka ambata a cikin siyasa na Soviet songs. "Budenny" zama heroes of marubuta kamar Babel, Tolstoy, Sholokhov. Sai ya zama a wannan sojojin suka bauta wa a matsayin "elusive ramuwa" - matasa heroes da sadaukarwa na neman sauyi kasada fim. Budenovka kama hankali (zane kwalkwali da aka yi amfani a matsayin sojan doki dimbin yawa headdress) ya zama daya daga cikin alamu na Tarayyar Soviet (ko da yake akwai wani version cewa ƙirƙira shi ne har yanzu a tsarist sau): "Abin da ya fara Mahaifa, mahaifiyata .. Tare da haihuwa uba Budenovka cewa wani wuri? a cikin kabad, mun samu ... ".

Da farko sojojin doki yi yaƙi da Denikin, Santa, fãtun, Wrangel halarci Yaren mutanen Poland-Soviet War na 1920-1921. Mafi yawa daga gudanar da ayyukanta suka yi nasara, wanda ya tabbatar da undoubted talanti ɗaya na kwamandan. Babu shakka, akwai kuma m raunuka. musamman, da yaki da Poland ƙare unsuccessfully.

Its kwamandan shiga jam'iyyar a 1919.

Marshall-shayarwa

Da farko sojojin doki Budyonny umarce har 1923. Ya sa'an nan ya zama mataimakin kwamandan (mahaya), a shekara daga baya ya zama wani sufeto na sojan doki da sojoji, ya kuma kasance a cikin wannan post har 1937.

Lokaci guda Budyonny tãyar da cancantar - a 1932 ya sauke karatu daga Soja Academy. Frunze. A 1935, ya aka bayar da lakabi na marshal (daya daga saman biyar).

Daga 1937 har farkon mai girma Patriotic Budyonny shi ne kwamandan na Moscow Soja District, ya mai koli ta mulkin soja Council, ya mataimakin kuma daga baya na farko mataimakin jama'ar kasar Commissar tsaron.

A wannan lokaci, Semyon Mikhailovich yi yawa a cikin gida kiwo. Ya aka ma ake zargi da shi, jayayya cewa soyayya ga dawakai sanya shi maƙiyi na zamani soja kayan aiki. Lalle ne, Marshall bai son tankuna. Duk da haka, ta hanyar da haskensa hannu sojojin doki raka'a sun tabbatar da cewa a yaki da Nazis daidai. Eh, da kuma Budyonny Soja ire jaruntaka jimre, kuma ko da ya aikata a 1931 laima Jump (wannan shi ne 48 years old!).

Marshal ma ake zargi da hannu a cikin danniya da fice Soviet soja shugabannin. Haka ne, ya yi magana fita sharply da Tomsky, Rykov, Uborevicha Tukhachevsky. Bai tsaya domin kansa, kuma matarsa ta biyu, wanda aka kama a 1937. Amma a lokaci guda ga management na ta doki gonaki, ya miƙe a cikin karfi sharuddan, da kuma matar da Lubyanka, lalle zã a ba up. Kuma a cewar labari, da kaina na tabbatar da cewa azabta ba haka sauƙi m mutum. Wai, sai ya ga wani dare a kusa da gidan na NKVD inji Budyonny musu wa'adi da wata na'ura gun, sa'an nan kuma wani, kuma ta koka ga su Stalin, ya kira "counter-yunkuri". Stalin wai sai gaya barin Marshal kadai, da sanin cewa, ba zai yi yaƙi domin iko.

Tashi, babbar kasa ...

A lokacin babban Patriotic Semyon Mikhailovich bai yi wasa da irin wannan muhimmiyar rawa, duka a cikin farar hula, lokacinsa ya tafi. Amma ya kasance wani ɓangare na umurni, ya kasance daya daga cikin shugabannin da tsaro na Moscow, ya umarci gaban a cikin Caucasus. Ya kasance cikin Mafarin kara yawan sojojin doki tsarin a cikin Army (wasu yi imani da cewa shi ne ra'ayin Zhukov), da kuma shirin biya kashe.

Bugu da kari, da Budenny, wanda biography ne cike da ban sha'awa facts, da umarnin a harin bom na dam da Dnieper. Yau, da yawa kira wannan tsari mai laifi domin ya de ya kai ga mutuwar mutane da yawa daga cikin mãsu bãyar da bãya Red Army, kazalika da fararen hula. Amma mafi masana tarihi gardamar cewa yawan wadanda ke fama da (ba shakka sun kasance) ƙwarai karin gishiri, da kuma shawarar da aka sanya daidai. Bugu da kari, a lokacin yaki ga Ukraine Budyonny akai-akai da shawarar a ritaya a matsayin wajen tsare da ma'aikata.

wani m rayuwa

Bayan da yaki, kwamandan Budyonny, wanda biography ne mai arziki da kuma ban sha'awa, an sufeto na sojojin doki, wani memba na Group of sufetocin Janar na ma'aikatar tsaron kasar, kazalika (daga shekarar 1947 zuwa 1953) - Mataimakin Ministan Aikin Gona (kiwo, ba wanda ya soke!). Ya kasance memba na kasar shugabanci (tsakiya kwamitin zartarwa, da Presidium na Majalisar Koli).

Marshal rayu tsawon rai (ya rasu a 91 ga watan shekara ta rayuwa, kuma ba tare da wani dogon rashin lafiya, a bugun jini), kuma halin da ƙarfi, halin iya jurewa, da lafiya mai kyau. Kamar yadda aka ambata a riga, a 48 shekaru, ya yi tsalle tare da wani laima, da kuma yara (uku!) An haife shi, a lokacin da shi ma ya kasance da kyau a kan 50. Budenny kansa, wanda biography ne batun da mu review, jãyayya da cewa, a cikin shekaru 50 zai tafi tare da hawa na biyu na gidan a cikin yadi a hannunsa. A shekaru 84 ya buga gaisuwa view of 'yan jarida daga Voronezh, wanda ya hadu a kan lokaci na tunawa da' yantar da birnin a lokacin yakin basasa.

Marshall mutu Oktoba 26, 1973, aka binne a Red Square. Amma kamar dukan manyan mutanensa, ya aka ƙaddara a rayuwa bayan mutuwa, kuma har yanzu gaya Legends game da shi.

iyali matsaloli

Biography Semena Budennogo cikin sharuddan dangantaka da mata, ba a hanya mafi kyau. Wasu matsaloli na iyali nasaba Marshal da mata. Ga akwai mai yawa "black" jami'in tsaro. An ce Semyon Mikhailovich harbe matarsa ta farko, kuma suka mika wuya zuwa ga NKVD biyu.

Fatan, na farko matar Budyonny, a lura da likita naúrar na farko sojojin doki. The jayayya tsakanin ma'aurata ba da - matarka ba su sãɓã ba aminci, kuma Budyonny faru "zuwa hagu". A 1924, Hope aka kashe wani bindiga harbi cewa ya ba Yunƙurin zuwa da jita-jita. A gaskiya abin da ya faru da shaidu suka - akwai wani hatsari.

Olga Stefanovna biyu matarsa kuwa matasa, fiye da mijinta na shekaru 20. Opera singer, ta jagoranci wani sosai daji rai, "yana da wani al'amari" tare da mawaki, sau da yawa ziyarci da waje ofishin jakadancin da kuma ƙi da yara (ga adadi!). Domin "yã ɓace," a ofishin jakadancin da kuma kama. Budyonny gaske ya tsaya up for ta, amma akwai wani version cewa ya yi imani da cewa ita sun mutu. Duk da haka dai, shi ne aure a karo na uku, da kuma Maria lissafta Olga dan uwan. Olga Stefanovna saki a 1956, da kuma tsohon mijinta taimaka mata ta motsa zuwa Moscow da kuma goyan bayan kuɗi.

aboki ta kakan

The uku da aure ne nasara, shi da 'ya'ya biyu da kuma' ya mace. Da matarsa da yara Marshal kauna kuma washe.

Budennogo yar, Nina, ya matar da sanannen actor Mikhail Derzhavin, kuma ya samu tare da tare da uba da kuma lura da sõyayya da jikokinsa. Ya gaya wa jikan ganin hoto na Stalin, ya ce a waje jarida: "Wannan shi ne wani aboki na kakana."

m iconostasis

Yana sanya barkwanci da soyayya a kan Budennogo ga lambobin yabo. Eh, da uku taurari na Hero na Tarayyar Soviet da ya samu bayan ƙarshen Great Patriotic War. Ya kuma yana da bakwai oda na Lenin da kuma 6 - Red Banner. Amma da cikakken baka na St. George, a fili ya tabbatar da cewa ba haka ba ne kawai a wani babban matsayi ...

A sulke jirgin kasa, jirgin, yanki ...

Sunan Budennogo immortalized ba kawai a cikin "Budyonovka", a can ne ma a irin na racehorses - Budyonnovsk. Na dauki wannan sunan kuma an sulke jirgin kasa, wanda ya yi jihãdi a cikin Great Patriotic War, da kuma babban fasinja jirgin, da kuma gundumar a birnin Donetsk.

A yankin da aka kira don haka sau biyu - har zuwa shekarar 1958, sa'an nan kuma da 1980. Har yanzu, birnin yana da mutane da suka rayu "sau biyu a Budyonnovsk yankin." Kuma da sunan su ba za su canza!

Kuma kada ta kasance shahararren mutane a baya don auna zamani matakan. Suka zauna a wani lokaci dabam.