White House (Moscow). Sturm wuta ya janyo na White House a Moscow

Ko a zamanin da a shugaban kowace kabila ya shugaba. Ya aka saurari, suka yi biyayya. shugaban nufin ya undeniable da kawai gaskiya. Wannan iko taimaka wajen rabu da hanyar rashin tsari da kuma rashin tausayi. Tun daga nan, da ruwa da yawa ya malalo, amma har yanzu ya jagoranci kasashe da yawa akwai guda daya shugaban.

A hanya zuwa saman da ikon iya zama daban-daban (daga kãmun iko da gudanar da zabe kafin canja wuri da kursiyin ta gado), amma akwai daya burin - don kare moriyar jihar da al'ummarta suke zaune a kan ƙasa. Domin rai monarch ko shugaba a cikin ƙasa na kasa akwai wani musamman zama. A cikin United Kingdom (UK) da kuma Northern Ireland data batu ne Buckingham Palace. A Amurka da kuma Rasha Federation - White House. Moscow ne babban birnin kasar mu na dogon lokaci. Duk da haka, da cibiyar na zamani jihar shi garin a karshen shekarar 1991. Kafin wannan, ya yi aiki a matsayin babban birnin kasar na mai girma da kuma iko kira Union of Soviet Socialist jamhuriyoyin.

A sabon kasa - da sabuwar gwamnatin

A 1993, gwamnati ta zama mafi kwanan nan da m Rasha Federation karkashin jagorancin Boris Yeltsin. Kafin zuwansa a mulki, kasar mafi Hukumar Mulki aikin da muhimmancin da Majalisar Koli. "Tsohon Sarki" ba ya so ya taimaka da sabon zabe shugaban. A dakarun na White House a Moscow da jini hari a kan TV hasumiya "Ostankino" shi ne sakamakon adawa tsakanin biyu siyasa. A birnin da aka rufe a hayaki da kuma kurumtar da bindigogi. Yadda kome ya faru da kuma abin da yake a cikin hanyar kusan flared Civil War? Bari mu yi kokarin fahimtar.

Constitutional rikicin

A cikin Tarayyar Soviet duk hukumomin da aka zamar masa dole ya yi aiki a cikin wata guda doka, da sunan wanda - Kundin Tsarin Mulki. Bisa ga wannan doka yi, Mai tanƙwasãwa Soviet na Rasha Soviet Federative Socialist Jamhuriyar (RSFSR) shi ne mafi muhimmanci Hukumar Mulki. Bayan rushewar Tarayyar Soviet da na'ura na ikon har yanzu yana da wata babbar adadin 'yancin. A wannan lokacin, da latest version na kundin tsarin mulki ya sanya da yawa sabawa da kuma gyara. Suna tsaye alaka da bambantawa na iko na jama'a hukumomi.

Duk da haka, sabon shugaban kasar da aka ba shirya domin gaskiyar cewa, Tsarin Mulki, wanda aka soma da baya a Brezhnev zamanin, zai zama sosai don takura ta 'yancinta. Babban aiki na jihar tsari ya Yeltsin da cewa tilasta cikasa wakilcin, wanda zai ba da damar da shi zuwa ga yin muhimmanci yanke shawara a kan nasu. Saboda haka, shugaban farko na Rasha kokarin nan da nan canza kundin tsarin mulki, wanda nacewa saɓa wa wakilan Majalisar Koli, mamaye fadar White House. Moscow a farkon shekara ta sarautar Boris Yeltsin da aka mired a scandals da internecine gwagwarmaya. Yana dade daga shekarar 1992 zuwa 1993. Boris Yeltsin da magoya bayan adawa a daya gefen da kuma Majalisar Koli, karkashin jagorancin Ruslan Khasbulatov daga wani da ake kira "tsarin mulki rikicin."

kare matsayi

Zai ze cewa raba mutane da suke so su shũgabantar mutãnensa a wani haske nan gaba? Amma ba. Sai dai itace cewa kowane gefe yana da kansa ra'ayin "sautin" na nan gaba. Suna variously wakilci kara ci gaba da mai girma a kasar. Babbar shawara da aka alama ta tallafi na tattalin arziki da sake fasalin. Babu gefe ba a kalla a shirye ya ba up su ka'idodin. Babu wanda ya so ya sami manufa daya da kuma haifar da wata jayayya a gare duk da yanayi na kara hadin gwiwa.

bude rikici

Ganiya da m da haka da wuya dangantaka an adireshin da shugaba Boris Yeltsin da mutane. A da shi, ya sanar da jama'a a kan tallafi na gida gwamnati garambawul, a karkashin abin da ya sanar da yarjejeniyoyin da Majalisar Koli da Congress of Mutane ta wakilai. Yanke shawara da iko shugaban goyi bayan wajibi Magajin Yuri Luzhkov da cikakken kasa da hukuma (majalisar ministocin kasar), wanda aka karkashin jagorancin Viktor Chernomyrdin.

Duk da haka, daidai da kundin tsarin mulki na 1978 da ikon yin irin wannan garambawul shugaba da ba. The shugaban Majalisar Koli Ruslan Khasbulatov sosai tantama yi magana a kan shugaban kasar ta ayyuka da kiran wadanda yunkurin juyin mulki. Bayan daukar Yeltsin ta sanarwa a matsayin haddi na canja iko, an yanke shawarar bayyana ƙarshe na da ikon da shugaba mai ci.

A culmination na adawa

A acuteness da rikici ya karu. A hankali, mataki ya yi fiye da matakan da m shiri na rikici, da yaƙe jam'iyyun suka bazama kan titunan. Members na Majalisar Koli aka kai tsaye kurkuku a cikin sansanin soja, wanda ya zama fadar White House. Moscow ya juya a cikin wani yaki zone. Main gwamnatin wurin zama da aka dokar ta-da kuzari, babu haske, ruwa da kuma tarho. 'Yan Hamayya zobe kiyãye ta White House. Moscow aka kasu kashi biyu. Menaced yakin basasa. Hakika, da ikon tsaga cikin biyu sansani iya dade ba. Wani ya ba da. Duk da yake da ikon shared kujera, bata da kuma takaici jama'a sun bayyana gazawan a anarchic unruliness da tarzoma. A harbi na White House a Moscow yana daya daga cikin doka ayyukan.

'yan adawa da matakai

A 'yan adawa kuma kiyaye wani mataimakin shugaban Alexander Rutskoi. Da yake a gefe na Majalisar Koli, ya yi kira ga masu zanga-zanga a gama. A taron na 'yan adawa gwagwarmaya, suka taru a kan Oktoba Square, ya koma fadar White House da kuma buše shi. Wahayi zuwa gare ta nasara, suka tafi hadari birnin zauren da sauri samun damar da shi. A na gaba abu ne talabijin hasumiya "Ostankino". A nan, masu zanga-zangar ya gana da dakaru na musamman na MVD. Mayakan tsananin cika da aiki don kiyaye tsaron gida. Tsawa a cikin line na commandos fashe shi ne na karshe bambaro, da kuma sojoji suka bude wuta a kan masu zanga-zanga. Kashe wani mai yawan mutane, ciki har da talakawa 'yan ƙasa, da' yan jarida, masu zanga-zanga da kuma 'yan sandan kwantar. Wannan ya faru a ranar 3 ga watan Oktoba.

Borisa Eltsina ayyuka

Kashegari da dakarun shugaban kasar magoya bayan kutsa cikin fadar White House, a Moscow. Tankuna kasance a kan Red Square a m zobe, ya koma wani wuri, da wurin zama na Majalisar Koli. Ginin da aka kewaye da soja armada da wuta daga uku bangarorin. Saboda fadowa bawo wuta fara ciki da zama. Sad don samun hoto: White House a baki hayaki.

A soja aiki ya cin nasara. A hankali ya fara bayyana daga cikin ginin, da kuma magoya bayan na Majalisar Koli, kuma ta maraice na wannan rana dukan ikon a hannun shugaba Boris Yeltsin.

The kama na White House a Moscow, storming City Hall da zubar da jini a cikin "Ostankino" suna kira "Oktoba juyin mulki". Rabuwa da ikon kashe fiye da mutane 150. domin ɗari biyar suka ji rauni. A sakamakon da shigarwa cikin karfi na sabon kundin tsarin mulki da kuma daidaita zaben zuwa jihar Duma da Federation Council.