Wani bam din nukiliya yana daya daga cikin alamomin cigaban kimiyya?

1945 aka alama ba kawai da nasarar da sãshensu waliyyai a cikin yakin duniya na biyu a kan Nazi Jamus da kawayenta, amma kuma duk da haka wani girma taron. Biyu Japan birane an halaka kawai biyu da bama-bamai, daya ga kowane. Mutane sun shiga sabuwar zamanin. Yawan nukiliya ya fara.

Wani bam din nukiliya mai suna "Babe" shi ne karo na farko da masana kimiyyar da ke iya haifar da mummunan lalacewa a kan abokan gaba da kuma nasarar aiwatar da su a yayin da ake fama da yakin. Tarihin B-29 na tarihi, wanda ya gudanar da wannan aikin, ya kasance a cikin Museum of American Aviation da Cosmonautics, a kan ginin da aka lalata a jikinsa, an rubuta sunan mahaifiyar kwamandan jirgin ruwan, Enola Gay, irin su ne. Ranar 6 ga watan Agusta, aka fara bugawa, kuma kwana uku bayan haka, a garin Nagasaki. Wannan bam din nukiliya kuma yana da sunan banza - "Fat Man".

An shirya bam na farko da kawai kawai, bisa ga ka'idar "cannon". A supercritical taro na uranium da aka sanya a cikin akwati na wani yanki na manyan bindigogi daga cikin jirgin da bindigogi, da kuma a cikin breech na cajin, haifar da zama dole ga zargin sarkar dauki na ta hatimi. Nukiliya bam da tsawon mita uku, yin la'akari hudu ton, da kuma nauyin da fama cajin na uranium amounted zuwa 64 kilo, wanda ya mayar da martani ne kawai game da 700 grams. Sauran nauyin wannan mummunar makamin ya ƙunshi gunkin da aka ambata daga cikin gangar jikin, harsashi, gyare-gyare, fuses da wasu ƙananan kayan.

Low yadda ya dace, wanda ya sha wahala ta farko nukiliya bam ne dalilin da gwada da kananan radiological samu daga ƙasa , kuma kananan ga wannan aji na makaman hallakaswa ikon, auna a dubban ton na TNT da ake bukata don sa irin wannan lalacewar. A "Baby" yana da kimanin 15,000 ton. Don kwatanta - matsakaicin matsakaicin nauyin wannan "Supercrush" B-29 yana da tara 9. Shekaru hudu da rabi, irin wannan fashewa ya kamata ya yi yunkuri na yau da kullum domin ya sa abokin gaba irin wannan hallaka.

Mutum yana ƙoƙari na gaba da gaba, yana ƙoƙari ya fito da kansa, musamman ma a wajen samar da na'urori don kawar da dukan abubuwa masu rai. Ros TNT m, amfani da sabon "hanyõyi" fasahar da sauran m mafita don inganta rabo na "amfani" Gurbin atomic makamai.

Abinda aka kashe na ikon hallakarwa wanda masana kimiyya suka halicci ya zama "samfurin AN 602". Ba cewa ba shi yiwuwa a ƙirƙira wani abu har ma mafi muni, yana yiwuwa, ba za a sami kwarewa ba.

Batun nukiliya mafi karfi a tarihin tarihi, ta hanyar al'ada, ya karbi sunan kansa, duk da haka ba shi da izini, "Kuzkina uwar" ko "Kuzka." Wannan halitta ce da aka yi barazanar nunawa Amurka Amurka. Khrushchev, kuma a cikin kwanakin 22 na Majalisa na CPSU (1961) ya cika alkawarinsa.

Da farko sun bukaci "megons" 100, amma sun yi nadama da tsire-tsire na Norilsk Metallurgical. An canza shi a rabi daidai. Tsawon bam din yana da mita goma sha biyu, diamita yana da rabi da rabi, jiki ya kasance guda, daga tsumburai, kuma Tu-95 bai shiga cikin bomb-lodge ba, ya zama dole a yanke dan gefe kuma cire ƙofofi. Sakamakon ya wuce duk abinda ake tsammanin, fashewar fashewar ta tashi sau uku a duniya.

Duk da haka, daga bisani ya bayyana cewa sojoji basu buƙatar irin wannan bam din nukiliya, yadda aka ba shi wannan matsala shi ne matsala, kuma yawancin zarge-zarge na iya haifar da mummunan rauni ga abokan gaba fiye da fashewa guda daya.

Har yanzu za a yi fatan za a kawo karshen rikice-rikicen makaman nukiliya tare da bama-bamai biyu da aka fara a 1945.