Smolensk yankin yawan: adadin da kabilu

"Castle ne mai girma da kuma da yawa daga mutane" - ya bayyana ɗaukakarsa da tsoho Smolensk Ustyuzhanskaya tarihin IX karni. Wannan shi ne na farko ambaci daraja Smolensk yankin. Domin na biyu Millennium emblazoned a kan bankunan na Dnieper tsoho Rasha birni, wanda ya zama wata babbar yankin cibiyar. Travel bisa ga wuri ya zama wani real samu na ɗaukaka da yankin. Yana mamaki ba ne kawai yanayi da kuma gine-gine, amma kuma da yawan jama'a na Smolensk yankin. Guests suna ko da yaushe gaishe warmly, tare da Rasha shafa.

Area Smolensk yankin

A yammacin iyakar kasar da Rasha ƙasar firam da daraja Smolensk ƙasar, wanda za a iya kwatanta shi da hikima tsohon soja cewa, kiyaye zaman lafiya. Kuma, lalle ne, sau da yawa wannan jaruntakar birni ya zama garkuwa ga Rasha. Sam Smolensk aka located in na sama kai na da Dnieper River a nesa na 365 km daga Moscow. Smolensk yankin ne mai magana da Rasha Federation da yake a tsakiya Tarayya District.

A birnin da aka haife ni a nan bakwai duwãtsu a kan abin da cinikayya hanya daga "da Varangians ga Helenawa" ya zama cibiyar da yawa ƙauyuka. Yau, Smolensk yankin yana da wani na kowa iyaka da Bryansk, Pskov, Moscow, Kaluga, Tver yankin. Belarus ne m zuwa gefen Smolensk, Vitebsk da Mogilev yankuna. Dimbin yawa yankin a 1937.

Taƙaitaccen bayanin yankin

Smolensk yankin bautarka game da 50 000 km a tsakiyar gabashin Turai Bayyana. Akwai nan, kamar yadda upland da filayen kwari. A sauyin yanayi ne temperate nahiyar, kamar yadda kuma sauyin yanayi zone - matsakaici. Tuki ta hanyar yankin, za ka iya duba da wavy surface, m yankunan da kogin kwari.

A cikin ƙasa na Smolensk yankin akwai da yawa ma'adanai daga sedimentary asalin. Akwai iya ci karo da adibas na ruwan kasa da kwal, peat, dutse gishiri, baƙin yumɓu da kuma lãka. Ba cheated yanayin waɗannan ƙasashe curative laka da kuma ma'adinai ruwaye. Wani lokaci akwai adibas na dutse crystal, silica, ores, ocher. peat reserves a yankin ne sosai high. Domin gina ayyuka suna mined yashi, tsakuwa, gypsum.

A cikin hunturu yana da daraja a gaskiya m yanayin zafi, a lokacin rani - dumi da kuma ruwa. Ci gaba ta hanyar yankin ne aikin gandu na Dnieper kamar yadda Vyazma, Vop River, Desna, Sozh. Saboda haka, cika har fiye na da ruwa reserves irin manyan koguna a matsayin Volga da Oka, a cikin abin da na gudãna daga ƙarƙashinsu Vazuza da Ugra.

Babban yankin na Smolensk yankin sun shagaltar nukiliya podzolic kasa. Wani lokaci akwai m kuma loamy mãkirci. A wannan yankin akwai da yawa gandun daji, natsuwa da dausayi. Tartsatsi amfanin gona na horar da shuke-shuke. Babban wakilan da gandun daji ne spruce, Birch, Aspen. Dan kadan kasa wakilta itatuwan oak, maples, ash, Linden. A fauna da aka wakilta yawa jinsunan dabbobi masu shayarwa da tsuntsaye. Game da 50 jinsunan kifaye da aka samu a cikin gida ruwaye.

tarihi bayanai

Krivichi asali rayu a ƙasashen Smolensk, Smolensk yankin yawan fãra daga gare su. Sa'an nan birnin na dogon lokaci tana karkashin mulkin na Kievan Rus. A heyday na Smolensk sarauta da dama a kan XII karni. Wasu lokaci na ƙasar da aka ɓangare na Duchy na Lithuania, da kuma daga baya suka koma Moscow Sirri. A karshe mika mulki na Smolensk ƙasashe na Rasha Jihar faru bayan da Rasha-Polish adawa. Saboda haka a cikin XVIII karni akwai Smolensk lardin.

A farkon Soviet lokaci, wasu daga cikin Smolensk yankin na daga cikin Byelorussian SSR. Kuma tun 1937 shi ya samu zamani kan iyakoki.

Famous countrymen

A Smolensk ƙasar haife shahararrun mutane, tsakanin wanda talented artists, 'yan wasan kwaikwayo, m composers, marubuta, masu kasida, sculptors. Mutane da yawa buga baiwa shahara mawaki Mikhail Glinka. Yana da aka a nan aka haife farko cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin. Mantawa Ba wawa, circus mai yi Yuri Nikulin ne ma a 'yan qasar na Smolensk yankin. Proud mazauna yankin irin wannan 'yan baiwa kamar Alexander Twardowski, NM Przewalski, S. Konenkov, Azimov, A. Griboyedov.

A jama'ar na Smolensk yankin

All-Russian ƙidaya a 2010 ya gano cewa daga cikin 18 yankuna na Central District of Smolensk Region Federation dauki 16th wuri. Yawan na Smolensk yankin na yawan sa'an nan ya 985 500 mutane. wannan adadi ne sau da yawa sosai canja a cikin shakka daga abubuwan tarihin. A cewar Rosstat, a 2013 da yawan yawa na Smolensk yankin da aka daidaita 19,59 mutane da sq / km. A da yawa rage a lokaci daya ne sosai rinjayi urbanization.

Yawan birane yawan nisa ya wuce adadin na yankunan karkara mazauna. Tun da yake wannan ne rabo 72% zuwa 28% na mazauna yankunan karkara yawan jama'a. Yawan mata dangane da maza ne kuma muhimmanci mafi girma fiye da. Yawan mata a wannan lokaci shi ne daidai 536.900 da maza - 448,6 dubu.

A babban birnin yankin, birnin Smolensk, a kan kimomi da Janairu 2017, shi ne gida zuwa 328,906 mutane.

Smolensk yankin, da mutãne, a cikin birane da yankuna

A mafi girma a birnin na Smolensk, ba shakka, shi ne babban birnin kasar na yankin - Smolensk. Game da girman da wani gari da aka ambata a sama. Na biyu mafi girma yankin cibiyar bayyana daraja Vyazma, inda 54.259 mutane rayuwa. Bãya gare shi zo Roslavl birni tare da wata alƙarya 51 775 mazaunan. Kusan wannan yawan mutane suna gundumar cibiyoyin Yartsevo da Safonovo (46 219 da kuma 43 727). A birnin Gagarin, rayuwa 26.916 mutane, Desnogorsk yana 28.518 mazaunan. Ga wasu, kasa populated birnin Smolensk yankin a kan yawan:

• Ore - 9650.
• Yelnya - 9460.
• Pochinok - 8684.
• Sychovka - 8246.
• Velizh - 7078.
• Demidov - 6585.
• Dukhovshchina - 4125.

Population District, Smolensk yankin yana da wadannan halaye:

• Velizh rn - 11.114.
• Vyazemskij rn - 77.359.
• Haharins'kyi N - 45.940.
• Glinkovsky rn - 4404.
• Demidov rn - 12.310.
• Dorogobuzh gundumar - 27.376.
• Duhovschinsky rn - 15.484.
• Elninskaya rn - 13.846.
• Ershichsky rn - 6444.
• Kardymovsky rn - 12.499.
• Krasninskoe rn - 12.269.
• Monastyrschinsky rn - 9472.
• Novoduginsky rn - 9603.
• Pochinkovsky rn - 29.851.
• Roslavlsky rn - 71.990.
• Rudnyansky rn - 23.562.
• Safonovsky rn - 58.803.
• Smolenski rn - 53.889.
• Sychevskii rn - 13.807.
• Temkinsky rn - 5971.
• Ugransky rn - 8190.
• Hislavichsky rn - 8106.
• Holm-Zhirkovsky rn - 9754.
• Shumyachsky rn - 9909.
• Yartsevskiy rn - 54.231.

Recent lissafin yawan

Yawan na Smolensk yankin yawan ya 958 da 600 a shekara ta 2016. A Janairu 1 na wannan shekara, birane mazauna, akwai 690 000 (72%), yankunan karkara mazaunan ya 268 600 (28%). Ya kamata a lura cewa yammacin sassa na yankin more lugar fiye da wasu. Kalla na duk yawan jama'a a cikin gabacin (Temkinsky, Ugra). Yawan yara da kuma matasa ne 336 000 mutane. A jama'ar na Smolensk yankin a shekara ta 2016 ta rage a kwatanta da shekarar 2015 zuwa 6000 mutane.

National abun da ke ciki

Mutane da yawa suna sha'awar ba kawai yawan jama'ar na Smolensk yankin, amma kuma ta kabilu. 97% na jimlar Rasha yawan zauna Smolensk. A na biyu wuri ne wakilan Belarus (0.83%). The Ukrainian al'umma da aka wakilta nan ta 0,64%. Yahudawa gabatar a cikin wani adadin 0,56%. Roma rike 0,18% na al'ummar jihar. Very kananan yawa, amma har yanzu ba a yankin na Armenia, Azerbaijanis, Tatars, Dogayen sanda, Georgians, Jamusawa.

halitta jan hankali

Don adana halitta tsarin, kazalika da na bincike makasudai a yankin na Smolensk Lake District an halitta. Wannan sunan wannan ajiye asali daga 35 tabkuna a cikin tsarinta. Kowane daga cikinsu shi ne sanannen domin ta musamman kyakkyawa. Customers Smolenskii Lake District tsoma a cikin wata dama yanayi. A cikin ajiye akwai da yawa tarihi Monuments. Daya daga cikinsu shi ne wani tsohon zamanin da Rasha birni Verzhavsk cewa wadãta a cikin IX-XII ƙarni.

Wadannan mamaki da kyau wuraren an kuma hade da babban matafiyi da mai bincike na Asian ƙasashe - N. M. Przhevalskim. Mutane da yawa yawon bude ido da kuma yan unguwa san shahara tushen da ake kira "Tsarki To".

gine-gine Monuments

Daga cikin mafi tsoho gine-gine ginen za a iya bambanta Smolensk sansanin soja dutse castle. Yana da aka gina har yanzu a karkashin jagorancin Sarkin Fedor Ioanovicha kamar yadda a XVI-XVII karni tsakanin Moscow sarauta da kuma Rzeczpospolita bayyana yankin rigingimu. game da 30,000 hayar ma'aikata da aka yi amfani da wannan shiri. Wannan sigar gine-gine abin tunawa na garun birnin, da 38 hasumiya, wasu kai 33 mita tsawo. Wannan shi ne mafi iko bango Rus sau. Ya dubawa gina sanannen Smolensk master Fyodor Kon.

A Smolensk yankin, kamar a wani kiyaye Monuments na Rasha al'adu na pre-Mongol lokaci. Ga akwai ayyuka a cikin Baroque style, kazalika da yarda da juna, misalai na coci gini.

A Smolensk akwai da dama memorials, gidaje, da ambaton ƙwaƙwalwar na da yawa soja events. Har ila yau, a nan akwai wani yawa Monuments sadaukar da sanannen countrymen. "Green Abun Wuya na birnin" - abin da ake kira mutane na Smolensk su Parks.

Major gidajen tarihi da kuma Orthodox majami'u

Mutane da yawa a ji Boldino kauye cewa a cikin Smolensk yankin. Sau da yawa sosai, yawon bude ido je can a kan yawon shakatawa. Daya daga cikin mafi tsufa kuma mafi kyau abubuwa a nan shi ne da Triniti Mai Tsarki sufi. Yana da aka kafa ta St. Gerasimos Boldin har yanzu a VI karni. Sau da yawa riga mayar da Haikalin, amma shi ma ya ci gaba da jin daɗin baƙi.

A kauyen Novospassky Smolensk yankin ne gidan kayan gargajiya-gidan gona M. I. Glinki, inda ya taba rayuwa. Wannan gidan gona ne kawai abin tunawa sadaukar da sanannen Rasha mawaki. Estate kunshi wani babban biyu-storey gidan, kitchen Annede, wani bako, wani gidan burodi, karusa gidan, kyau gazebos da kakanninmu Haikali. Sau da yawa sosai, domin bako sunayen sauti m sauti na piano.

A kauyen Hmelita Smolensk yankin zauna tsohon estate na iyali na Griboyedov. Wasu fasalulluka na wannan gini za a iya samu a cikin m comedy "Bone ya tabbata daga wit". A fadar kuma wurin shakatawa gungu ya hada da wani dutse gidan, 4 outbuildings, wani wurin shakatawa tare da lungu, 2 tafkunan da kuma haikalin.

Tsakanin kauyuka na Katyn gurbi da Smolensk yankin ne mai tunawa hadaddun "Katyn". Na dogon lokaci da Soviet lokaci, wannan wuri ba a ambace shi, tun a 1940 a can ya faru da masifu. Yana da yake a cikin gida gandun daji sa'an nan kuma harbe da dama dubban Yaren mutanen Poland shugabanni da sauran fursunoni. A tunawa hadaddun ne quite matasa, da aka bude a 2000. Babban ƙofar tunawa da aka sanya a cikin nau'i na gilashi manufa. A tsakiyar hadaddun tsaye tsayi Orthodox giciye a kan shi da ke Memory lungu.

A Smolensk yankin da aka gina don haka da yawa a ɗakin, amma pre-Mongol lokaci, sai suka zauna kawai uku: Church na Ceto, Cathedral na ɗauka, St. Sergius coci a Church of Hawan Yesu zuwa sama sufi.