National raya kasa Strategy

A madadin gwamnatin Rasha ya ɓullo da wani ci gaba mai dorewa dabarun 2020, da ake kira - "Strategy 2020". Yana yi aiki a kan shi fiye da dubu masana ga wata shekara, kuma a shekarar 2011 tare da taimakon masana da kuma HSE RANHiGS su jimre da shirin. Wannan shi ne karo na biyu da version na ci gaba da CRA (cikin dogon lokacin da ci gaban da ra'ayi), da farko version aka kammala a shekara ta 2007 da ma'aikatar tattalin arziki da kuma sauran hukumomin, da kuma ci gaban da aka za'ayi a madadin shugaban kasar na Rasha Federation.

Na farko zaži

Concept (Strategy) raya kasa a farko version aka tsara don gane hanyoyi da nufin tabbatar da dogon lokacin da] orewar-adam Rasha 'yan kasa, tsaron kasa, da tsauri ci gaban da tattalin arziki, da karfafa matsayin Rasha a duniya al'umma. Development kẽwaye fuskar daga 2008 zuwa 2020, kuma ta karshe rubutu (CRA 2020), da gwamnatin amince a watan Nuwamba 2008.

A bayyanar zabi na biyu da ya wajaba saboda dalilai guda biyu. A ci gaba mai dorewa dabarun da aka soma a lokacin da gagarumin kokarin da kudi ta duniya da kuma tattalin arziki da rikicin. Duk da yake manufar da aka ɓullo da, shi ya ba ya canzawa duk ƙasashe, kawai raya, ga abin da Rasha Federation bai nema. Duk da haka, da amince da dabarun domin ci gaba mai dorewa da aka faduwar 2008, a lokacin da rikicin ya zo a cikin kasar mu. A hakikanin an canja hanzari, da kuma sakamakon haka ne cewa ko da a lokacin da tallafi na manufar duk ta postulates sun m.

rikicin

A rikicin ya haddasa mai kaifi, kuma mafi zurfi fall na tattalin arziki Manuniya, sabili da haka a mafi yawan tunani da maki, ko da lokaci na farko da na CRA 2020 juya unfeasible. National raya kasa Strategy farko rufe lokacin daga 2007 zuwa 2012. Yana da aka shirya da karshen wannan zamani, kai da karuwa a tsawon rayuwar da biyu da rabi shekaru.

GDP kamata girma ta talatin da takwas da cent da kuma yawan aiki girma zuwa arba'in da daya bisa dari. GDP zai rage ikon amfani ga mutum goma sha tara cikin dari. Real albashi an shirya ya kara da hamsin da hudu cikin dari. Akwai su da yawa wasu da waɗansu alãmõmi, don cimma wannan damar ba ya isa.

Dalili na biyu

By da yanayin ci gaban kasa dorewa dabarun a cikin ta farko version shi ya fili da sashe inda ya nuna fashe duk gwada yawa asowar cewa bukatar da za a samu a shekarar 2020, musamman a kowane yanki. Duk da haka, da matsaloli da ya fuskanta da Rasha al'umma da tattalin arzikinta, ana bincikar daki-daki ba. A hanya domin cimma burin kowanne tsara declaratively.

Ga misali: ". Yana za a kafa wata jama'a dangane da lissafi da kuma jama'a dõgara a cikin zaman kansu da kuma jama'a da tattalin arziki cibiyoyin Social rabuwa zai rage saboda daidaita dama ga kowane fannin rayuwa da kuma zamantakewa motsi, zamantakewa manufofin su goyi bayan m sassan na yawan da kuma hadewa na yawon ci-rani." Hakika, irin wadannan maganganu za su iya kawai m ringing na ciki fanko.

Zabi na biyu

Rasha Federation raya kasa Strategy a cikin na biyu version da aka ɓullo da a 2011 ta domin na firaministan kasar. gwani kungiyoyin da aka halitta a cikin adadin ashirin-daya, wanda ya kai ga musaya tsakanin biyu jami'o'i - da HSE da RANHiGS su shugabannin Vladimir Mau kuma Yaroslav Kuzmin. Sai da na ɗauki dama da ɗari muhawara, tattaunawa da kuma tarurruka. Raya kasa Strategy na Rasha ɓullo da Russia da kuma ba kawai - fiye da dari masana daga kasashen waje don rayayye shiga a samar da wani shirin na nan gaba rayuwa na mu tsawon jimrewa motherland.

Daga cikin Russia, don ƙirƙirar wani shirin a wadda muna rayuwa a yanzu a cikin shekara ta bakwai, musamman, aiki: Lev Yakobson, Evsey Gurvich, Sergei Drobyshevskiy Vladimir Gimpelson Ksenia Yudaeva, Isak Froumin, Alexander Auzan, Mikhail Blinkin da yawa. Mu hadu a yau da kullum jinkiri, da kuma kayan da aka buga a kan shafukan yanar gizo kishin "2020 Strategy". Tarurruka da dama a bude yanayin, da kungiyar biya mai yawa da hankali na latsa. Raya kasa Strategy na Jamhuriyar ci gaba a kusan duk CIS kasashe - Kazakhstan, Belarus da sauransu.

karshe rahoton

Masana sun raba ta aiki a cikin matakai biyu. Farkon rabin shekarar 2011, har zuwa watan Agusta, sun yi karatu da ci gaban zabin da kuma matakan da suke daidai da wannan ci gaban. Bayan haka, gwamnatin da aka sanya wani rikon rahoton a ɗari shida da shafuka.

Bugu da ari, a ma'aikatun da hukumomin da muka tattauna, kuma Ya ƙaddara ta shugabanci domin kammala daftarin aiki. A rahoton da aka shirya a wani juz'i daga ɗari takwas da sittin da hudu page da Disamba na shekarar 2011, da kuma a cikin watan Maris na 2012 na farko dabarun domin ci bunƙasa tattalin arziki a cikin sabon version aka buga (a karkashin wani dogon sunan).

Mun tambayi mutane

A lokacin 2012, mun gudanar da nazari domin ya bayyana dangantakar a sassa na al'umma da bada shawarwari dauke a cikin "Strategy 2020". Ya kamata a lura cewa wannan daftarin aiki da aka samu karin abokan adawar fiye da magoya bayan.

Musamman gunaguni aka yi da kayan ƙaddamar da Group 3 (Xenia Yudaeva, Tatyana Maleva), sun ɓullo da wani gyara na fensho tsarin, wani rukuni na 5 (Leonid Hochberg), wanda Zagayawar miƙa mulki ga ya karu bidi'a, kungiyar 6 (Alexander Galushko Sergey Drobyshevskiy) - a kan haraji siyasa , kungiyar 7 (Vladimir Gimpelson da sauransu) a kan aiki kasuwa, hijirarsa da manufofin da koyar da sana'o'i.

Aiki kungiyar 8 (Isak Froumin Anatoly Kasprzhak) game da sabon makaranta zargi duk ba tare da togiya. Babu wanda ya yi ĩmãni da binciken Vladimira Nazarova da Pauline Kozyrevoj a kan rage rashin daidaito da kuma yaki da talauci. Jamus Gref da Oleg Viyugin a'a masana. Da sauransu. A mutane na tattalin arziki na dabarun da aka ba 'yar alamar babbar sha'awa bai sa.

gini

A cikin "Strategy 2020" ashirin da biyar surori, wanda aka harhada a shida sassan. Har ila yau, akwai a cikin wannan daftarin aiki aikace-aikace, wanda ya bayyana da "kasafin kudi rawar daji" (da canji na tarayya kasafin kudin), da jerin matakan da a kowane shugabanci na ci gaba, wanda aka kuma duba da masana. Sassan da daftarin aiki sun hada da:

1. The sabon ci gaban model.

2. Macroeconomics. Ainihin yanayi na girma.

3. Social siyasa. Human babban birnin kasar.

4. Lantarki. Dadi yanayi, daidaita ci gaban.

5. An tasiri a jihar.

6. The ambulan na ci gaba.

"Strategy 2020" da kuma a cikin abin da, da kuma a cikin wani embodiment, ƙoƙarin cin gajiyar a daya cart "sa da kuma girgiza DOE". Hakika, muna bukatar wani sabon tsarin tattalin arziki da na zamantakewa da manufofin. A tattalin arzikin da aka daure su a kerata: tare da zuwan rikicin, sakamakon bukatun cikin gida ya fara plummet, da farko version na "dabarun" ya ginu ne a kan ya tsawo. Rasha fitarwa kusan gama gina godiya ga shiga takunkumi, saboda haka, mayar da hankali a kan tsohon farashin ne m. Duk da haka, da "Strategy 2020" kuma ba gusa daga utopian bayyane: da kasar ta na bukatar ci gaban tattalin arziki ga a kalla biyar da cent a shekara, ba tare da wani bukatar kafa shi kan fitarwa na raw kayan da reallocation albarkatun fadin sassa, inda low yadda ya dace. Yana da nisan daga mu gaskiya?

rawar daji

Ainihin ra'ayin "Strategy 2020" - wannan rawar daji, wanda ya bada izinin a hannu na baya sauran dalilai na gasa. Alal misali, irin wannan. High quality adam da kuma kimiyya m. Ina samun shi? Daga cikin blue-kwala aikin da suka dade gudu daga ta kwararru, saboda babu masana'antu, babu Game da ilimi da kuma Rasha kimiyya a mafi kyau aiki - ba sosai lafiya - a cikin soja-masana'antu hadaddun da sarari masana'antu, da girma daga cikin mafi kyau zukatan lokaci mai tsawo aiki a kasar waje kasar.

Social manufofin da aka gina da masana a hanyar da kare bukatun da matalautan ba, kuma Layer cewa aiwatar da m ci gaba, watau, wannan mythical "tsakiyar aji", da ikon zabi wani model na amfani da kuma aiki. Masana sun zaci a cikin model wani kwari dakushe hauhawar farashin kaya, to yarda da sabon kasafin kudin dokoki da zai yi mulki da kasafin kudin da halin kaka (dangane da farashin man fetur). Sun dauke girma ciyarwarsu m, kuma m, da kuma cewa shi ne abin da alama mai hana zaman lafiya da kuma daidaita kasafin kudin. Riga shekaru biyar baya a fili yake cewa zamantakewa manufofin shi ne cikakken masana a cikin sauran gefe na mutane. A waje yanayi bai zama dangane da kasuwanci kasa m kasuwanci sauyin yanayi, ba tare da inganta ta,} azamiyar gasar, watakila kiyaye su, amma ba dukan.

A post-masana'antu kasa

Masana sun gani mu tattalin arziki a nan gaba, post-masana'antu, da sabis na tushen masana'antu, wanda aka mayar da hankali a kan ci gaban mutum babban birnin kasar, wato, yana da tattalin arziki, wanda zai zama mafi muhimmanci magani, ilimi, kafofin watsa labarai da kuma bayanai da fasaha, har ma da zane. Akwai shakka mai m amfani zai zama idan shi ya ba frittered ta tafi da m underfunding dukkan zamantakewa tsarin, kazalika saboda da musamman wanda ya kasa aiki management.

"Strategy 2020" son mayar da ƙarfafa wadannan kamanta abũbuwan amfãni daga kasar mu a fagen magani, da ilimi da kuma al'adu, amma inda zan samu su yanzu? Wadanda adam albarkatun da suka kasance m, girma da haihuwa, da kuma sabon koyarwa riga da mummunar. Bi da matasa likitoci yanzu kawai ban tsoro da koyo daga matasa da malamai ne kusan kome ba, tare da al'ada, kuma, kome kyau ya faru ba tukuna.

karin rawar daji

By da post-masana'antu da tattalin arziki, da kuma kasar dole ne yin wannan "kasafin kudi rawar daji", wato, to canza manyan al'amurra a kasafin kudin ciyarwarsu. Masana sun yi imani 2020 zai bayar da kuɗaɗen da ababen more rayuwa na hudu bisa dari na GDP ya fi girma, da kuma daidaita kasafin kudin, rage kudin da guda hudu cent a cikin yankunan da tsaro, a jawabin da a jihar na'ura, kazalika da rage tallafin da ya Enterprises. Talakawa 'yan ƙasa na Rasha a cikin tattaunawa da wannan dabarun "rawar daji" an outraged, kiran wannan m shirya, wasu ma sun yi amfani da kalmar "ɓarna da gangan".

A cikin wani hali, masana bayar da fiye da daya labari ga kowane shugabanci: idan sake fasalin ba aiki isasshen - sa inertial labari, kazalika da wuya, a lokacin da jam'iyyun ba madadinsa, kuma mafi cigaba labari, da mafi kyau duka gyare-gyare, a lokacin da bukatun da halartar kungiyoyin da ake dauka a cikin lissafi kamar yadda zai yiwu. 'Yan siyasa a zabi mafi kyau hanya.

Masana sun kuma hukumomi

Lokacin da karshe rahoton da aka buga, da curators wannan aikin kidaya a kan mika wuyansu da goyon bayan da babban bada shawarwari da shugaban kasa da kuma gwamnati, duk da cewa bambancin ra'ayi sun ba da farko. Wannan Gaskiya ne, na fensho garambawul.

A sakamakon haka, da yawa daga cikin kayan abinci na "Strategy 2020" An riga an kunshe a cikin shirin na ayyukan jihar jikinsu: shi ne matsalar da filin ajiye motoci a babban birnin kasar (marubucin Mikhail Blinkin), ma'aikatar kudi da ma'aikatar cigaban tattalin arzikin ana aiwatar da wani kasafin kudi mulki, wanda shirya matakin da jama'a bashin da kuma kasafin kudin kashewa, misali. Fensho garambawul kuma ya wuce a kan bada shawarwari "Strategy 2020", wanda yake shi ne mai aiki da kuma sosai wani tunanin tattaunawa. Abin da za mu ce game da sake fasalin harkokin gidaje da kuma zamantakewa da sabis ...

duniya

Da dabarun] orewar ci gaban mutum, bada haske a shekarar 1987 da kuma soma da International Hukumar, da kuma a yau ne gardama ta shugabannin duniya. Wata sanarwa game da muhimmancin wannan batu da aka fara ba da sanarwa babban taron MDD. A daidai wannan lokaci, kasashe da yawa (da Rasha musamman) sun soma da manufa na ci gaba, wanda ya samar da ga abin alhaki na jihar da kuma} ungiyoyin jama'a zuwa gaba don tabbatar da biyan bukatu.

Kasa al'amurran da dabarun na ci gaba mai dorewa daga mutãne ƙarya a gaskiyar cewa shi wajibi ne don shawo kan heterogeneity na zamantakewa tsarin. Domin aiwatar da manufa da alhakin daga 'yan kasa domin jindadin gaba zamaninsu ya kasance da model na nan gaba, da wayewa, inda fannoni uku da alaka: tattalin arziki, zamantakewa da kuma muhalli. Da dabarun] orewar ci gaban da yanayi, misali, dole ne ta kai ga zaman lafiyar na muhalli tsarin na duniya, don kawar da barazana ga wanzuwar mutãne.