Smolensk lardin: kananan hukumomi da kuma kauyuka

A labarin na farko larduna a cikin ƙasa na mallaka Rasha Dates baya ga 1708 shekara. Wannan irin reshe wanzu har 1929. A wannan hanya don yin da rabo daga cikin ƙasa na karami administrative raka'a, kamar yankin division.

A labarin na Smolensk lardin

A lokacin da halittar takwas larduna Bitrus I a 1708, an kafa a dama sauran Smolensk lardin. Land a yankin kasance wani ɓangare na wani guda yankin naúra da kuma located a Turai bangare na kasar. Smolensk lardin dade har shekara ta 1929, daga baya ya zama yanki a lokacin canji a cikin tarayyar Soviet. Babban garin lardin aka dauke Smolensk.

The bayani dalla-dalla na wuri na ƙasar reshe na mallaka Rasha bayar da kusanci da tattalin arziki da ayyukan da mafi yawan sauran larduna.

Lardin kẽwayesu da wadannan kasashe:

• Tver lardin (arewa da kuma arewa-maso-gabas).
• Moscow da kuma Kaluga (gabas).
• Orel (kudu - gabas).
• Chernigov (kudu).
• Mahileu (yamma).
• Vitebsk da Pskov (a arewa maso yamma).

ƙasar canji

A sabuwar Smolensk lardin yana da kimanin goma sha bakwai birane. The most of su: Roslavl, Smolensk, White, Vyazma, Dorogobuzh. Duk da haka, a 1713 lardin aka wargaza, da most kashi tafi lardin ɓangare na Riga lardin.

Daga bisani, bayan shekaru goma sha uku, an partially mayar. Yana da aka hada da biyar gundumomi: Dorogobuzh, Belsky, Smolensk, Vyazma da Roslavl.
Da ɗan baya (a 1775) lardin aka sauya a cikin Smolensk gwamna. Saboda yankin canje-canje da aka hada da bakwai sabon kananan hukumomi: Kasplyanskogo, Elninskaya, Krasninsky, Gzhatsk, Sychevsky, Porechsky, Ruposovskogo. A 'yan shekarun baya Ruposovsky da Kasplinsky kananan hukumomi da aka canza kama zuwa Yukhnovsky da Duhovschinsky. Shi ne kawai a 1796 gwamna reformatted sake a lardin.

A lokacin daga 1802 zuwa 1918 a cikin jerin Smolensk lardin qunshi goma sha biyu gundumomi. The karami ƙasa sun shagaltar da Sychevsky - 2825 square versts.

Gudanarwa yankin gundumar na Smolensk lardin:

• Yukhnovsky.
• Vyazemskij.
• Belsky.
• Gzhatskaya.
• Duhovschinsky.
• Elninskaya.
• Sychevsky.
• Dorogobuzh.
• Roslavlsky.
• Smolensk.
• Porechsky.
• Krasninsky.

241 Ikklesiya aka rajista a cikin County, 4.130 yankunan karkara, da kuma game da wani 14.000 lugar yankunan. Bugu da kari, da yankin lardin akwai guda takwas ƙauyuka da 600 kauyuka. Sauran shiri kasance gonaki, kananan kauyuka, gona. Tsawon Smolensk lardin ya 340 vents (daya versta hadu zamani 1067 mita). Da karkararta kunshi kadan fiye da 49212 square versts.

yawan

Bisa ga 1897 ƙidaya, jama'ar na lardin Smolensk yi kadan fiye da rabin miliyan mazaunan. A birane da kasa da goma cikin dari na yawan jama'ar, game da 121 dubu jama'a. Kafin na kauda tashe serfdom a 1761, da yawan serfs zo zuwa 70% na jimlar yawan.

Smolensk lardin yana da mafi kudi na ba-free mutum daga duk lardunan Tsarist Rasha. A cikin daya mutum a kan talakawan lissafta game da 60 serfs. By karshen karni na 19th a lardin Smolensk, akwai 13 gidajen ibada, 763 majami'u da kuma al'umma guda. Kashi limaman ya 0.6% na jimlar yawan mutanen da zama. Smolensk lardin kamar guda yankin naúrar daina wanzuwa a cikin shekara ta 1929, da kuma ta kasashe suka annexed zuwa yankin yammacin kasar.

Masana'antu da kuma noma a yankin

Kauyuka na Smolensk lardin shahara ga gwani tanners da masaƙa. Mazauna wurin suna, yafi tsunduma a aikin noma, horar da hatsi: hatsin rai, hatsi, buckwheat, alkama. A Rostislavskom County horar da gero a wani karamin girma. A Vyazma da Sychevsky kananan hukumomi horar da hemp kuma flax. A kauyen Tesovo Sychevskii gundumar da lnovodnaya tashar. Sakar da kuma auduga-kadi niƙa located a kauyen Yartsevo Duhovschinskogo County. A Rostislavskom County gudana Matchbox da kuma fata samar. Yana wãtsa kamar yadda ya samar da Jefo crystal kayayyakin da gandun daji kayayyakin. Bielsko - kwalta da tubali aiki.

Smolensk lardin domin ta shahara gidãjen Aljanna. Yafi tsunduma a namo daban-daban irin apples, plums da pears. Apples ana sayar a Moscow. Amma shi ne ba kawai domin ta shahara noma Smolensk lardin.

Smolensk County

Wannan yankin da aka fi densely lugar a kwatanta da sauran ƙasashe. Mazauna yankin da aka yafi kasuwanci dangantakar da Lithuania. Roslavl County yafi gudanar da aikin gona da aiki.

Kawai a nan girma buckwheat, sha'ir da gero. Yana da aka halicci Smolensk agrarian al'umma zuwa ga ci gaban aikin noma. Akwai warehouses na noma kayan aiki da kuma aiwatarwa. Yana rike sosai m gabatarwar maye gurbin garma garma. A bindigogi kerarre ta gida ta Masters, ba na baya zuwa factory misali.

By 1880 954 masana'antu da kuma ma'aikata, da gudana a Smolensk lardin. Kan gaba shekara goma sha takwas, da yawan Mills da masana'antu ya karu da takwas raka'a. A musamman, muka ci gaba da inganta cuku factory, wanda ya fi a gabashin gundumomi na lardin.

ƙarshe

A game da 1000 da suka wuce, ya bayyana cewa tasiri aiki na jihar dole ne rabo a cikin administrative raka'a. A farko nassoshi nema a mayar da X karni AD. Princess Olga raba Novgorod ƙasashe a graveyards. Daga baya a cikin XV karni, Ivan Grozny da rabo daga cikin Novgorod ƙasa fifths. A farkon da XVIII karni, shi ya gabatar da ra'ayi na larduna da gundumomi. Sun zama samfur na yau yankuna da kuma gundumomi.