Kai-propelled turmi "Tulip": Features

Turmi "Tulip", kazalika da yawa wasu nauyi manyan bindigogi kayan aiki, ya kwanan nan janyo hankalin da hankali ga kansa. A hasken 'yan abubuwan da suka faru da wani makami fara mamaki ko da waɗanda suka yi shirki da kalmar "Tulip" a baya, "Peony" da "hyacinth" na musamman tare da flowerbeds. Yau da sharuddan ne ga mafi part sakamakon ya nuna gaskiyar cewa ya shuka a kusa da mutuwa da halaka. "Buketnye-weather" sunan, saboda haka ya ƙaunace ta cikin gida soja masana'antu, a yau sa real tsõro, musamman ma wadanda suka kokarin tsira a tsakiyar yaki. Kuma mutane ta damuwa da kuma fargaba ba groundless - to WMD propelled turmi "Tulip", ba shakka, bai shafi. Duk da haka, sakamakon da tasiri na shi ne quite yankunan.

Ganawa ACS "Tulip" da kuma amfani a tashin

Kai-propelled turmi 2S4 "Tulip" iya amfani daban-daban, ciki har da makaman nukiliya. Shi ne mai iko kayan aiki da babban hallakaswa ikon. Turmi 2S4 "Tulip" ne da farko nufi Ya halakar da da kufaifan na abokan gaba, filin injiniya Tsarin, masu garu gine-gine, mafaka tare da manpower da kayan aiki, wuraren binciken ababen hawa da kuma umurnin posts, art batura. Wannan kayan aiki ne aka yi nufi ga fama ayyukan waje da ƙauyuka. Domin waje kiwo manyan bindigogi wuta ma za a iya amfani da turmi "Tulip", da halaye na wanda sa shi yiwuwa a buga hari located dama kilomita daga asali matsayi.

Tarihi na halitta

Wannan, ma, ya kamata ce 'yan kalmomi. 240-mm turmi "Tulip" ya kamata ya tsaya don maye gurbin towed 240-mm Turmi M-240, saki a 1950, da ballistic yi na bindigogi a game da wannan. Duk da haka, 2C4 wuce M-240 a cikin yaƙin ga rayuwa da kuma tasiri na harbe-harben saboda ingantattun maneuverability da patency. Bugu da ƙari kuma, yana daukan yawa ƙasa lokaci fiye da wanda ya riga, a kan samu daga wuta da kuma janyewar daga harbe-harben matsayi.

A samfur na wani sabon 240-mm turmi da aka ɓullo da a kudin kasashen waje a 1944-1945. Ya jagoranci aikin BI Shavyrin. Gwaje-gwaje na sabon bindigogi fara bayan 2 shekaru bayan nasarar, da kuma dade har 1949. A 1950, wani turmi da aka yi da sojojin. A waɗannan kwanaki sai aka kira "240-mm Turmi M-240." Ya matuƙar sighting iyaka da aka ayyana a nesa na 8000 mita.

A shekarar 1953, musamman cajin da aka tsara don turmi M-240, wanda damar ƙara da kewayon har zuwa 9700 m. Serial samar da M-240 ya fara a 1951 a garin Yurga. Total samar 329 raka'a wannan alama. 240 mm turmi M-240 - wani m tsarin ba tare da anti-recoil na'urar cajin breech-loading yana nufin ciwon wheeled karusa da kuma harbe-harben feathered mahakar.

kirkirarrun amfaninsa,

A farko matsaloli a ci gaba da kuma samar da sabon kai-propelled turmi fara ba saboda wani na shortcomings, matsaloli a kudade ko rashin kwararru. A gaskiya ma, cikin babban kalubale da ya Khrushchev ta mabuwayi tofin cewa harbe-harben manyan bindigogi bawo - a relic na baya. Kokarin yanayi shafi ra'ayi na farko sakataren kwamitin tsakiya sun kasance m. Development of manyan-zamo kamar bindigogi, da harbi zargin, da aka dakatar. Bugu da ƙari, cikin kokari da kuma gwada kayan for modernization aka kawai watsi da rasa. Batun da kuma kara kyautata na M-240 daina a shekarar 1958.

sabon bege

A sabuwar gwamnatin, wanda ya maye gurbin Khrushchev, sa'a, gudanar ya tantance halin da ake ciki sosai da sosai. A makamai, wanda ba su da lokacin da za a jefa, kuma a karshe ya hallaka, a saka shi mai laushi, m. Samfurori da yaki kayan aiki, baicin wancan zo a cikin jiki unfitness amma kuma aka rabu amfani da, irin wannan cewa su tsaya ba kwatanta da irin wannan waje da aka yi. A m a lokacin taka muhimmiyar rawa. A Vietnam, da fada ya barke, da Amirkawa suna gina sama da ikon zuba jari babbar yawa kudi da kuma kokarin a soja aukuwa. Ba da nĩsa ba ya da wani "sanyi yaki" ...

Duk wannan ya kai ga yanke shawara na kwamitin tsakiya a kan ci gaba da kuma halittar sabon kai-propelled manyan bindigogi tsarin. M "bouquet" da aka faruwa ta hanyar wasu soja masana'antu. Kharkov tarakta-tanki kaddamar samar 2C2 "furen karnesha" (122mm) Volgograd kaddamar saki 122 millimeter "Viola" Ural shuke-shuke fara nan da nan bayan da biyu ACS - 152mm howitzer "Acacia" da kuma 240 mm turmi 2C4 "Tulip ".

Na yau da kullum aiki, da farko gwajin

Ni ne na tsaya a kai na ci gaba Yuri Tomaszow. Ko a farkon matakai na aikin tawagar a karkashin jagorancin shi na gane, da yadda da yawa matsaloli da fuska. Duk da haka, shi bai tsorata wata tawagar soja injiniyoyi, da kuma mafi kaifin shaidar wannan ne babbar dama hakkin mallaka patents samu a lokacin ci gaba.

Kwarewa, hazaka Masters duk matakan za su kauce wa matsaloli da yawa. Duk da haka, matsaloli a aikin a kan aikin "turmi" Tulip "akwai da yawa. Da farko, shi shafi Gudun kaya. Yana da aka asali shirya ya ba da turmi hanya tsarin, amma ta dauke damar ya ma kananan. The nauyi cewa ta yi don jawo kaina, ina kai 27 ton, da kuma damar da shi da aka rasa kawai 21. daga baya, tare da kwararru na tsaron kasa masana'antu hadin gwiwa, an yanke shawarar ba da kai-propelled turmi "Tulip" engine na 520 HP .. (maimakon 400). shasi ya rata oped a kan tushen da tarakta RK shirin mai gabatarwa "Circle". A tawagar Yu Tomaszów ya muhimmanci gyara da kuma inganta tsarin, amma a general, da hadin gwiwa ta kasance hayayyafa.

Wani ƙunci ya tashi a lokacin da farko filin gwaji. A tsarin kawai bai tsira da kansa tasiri. Ya harbi ne da karfi da cewa shi yana da ta yi watsi da ra'ayin na cewa sama zai yi gado. Make shi ne kawai zai iya kasa. Saboda haka da injiniyoyin da gaggawa dauka da zane na musamman naúrar, sakamakon ganga a cikin harbe-harben matsayi.

Bayan modernization turmi "Tulip" aka gwada a karo na biyu. Ya gaba daya busa karfafa kankare pillbox, da gaskatashi ingancinta. A shekara ta 1969, da ACS "Tulip" da aka sa a cikin samar, da kuma a shekara ta 1971 a hukumance sa a cikin sabis.

"Daredevil" da kuma ta "uwan"

A wannan harbe-harben turmi "Tulip"? Features na tsarin ba da damar amfani da dama iri bawo. High-m mine 53-F-864 suna sanya a gaba da raya da drum, da kuma roka-taimaka dako APM-0-ZVF2 shigar cikin ta tsawon. Za a iya amfani da roka tarin harsasai totur, su kewayon ne 20 km. Abin lura shi ne cewa na dogon lokaci, har ma da bayyanar da irin wannan mahakar, da ake kira "Brave" da aka classified. Kai-propelled turmi 2C4 "Tulip" yana da arsenal na anti-makamai, makaman nukiliya da kuma Laser suggestive bawo. Domin harbi na "Tulip" ma dace cassette "Nerpa" da kuma incendiary "Pollock."

Analogues da zabi

Game da takwarorinsu da fari ya kamata a lura da cewa heaviest manyan bindigogi, al'amurra mafi yawan jama'ar duniya, kai 150 mm zamo. Turmi "Tulip" ne da nisa daya daga cikin mafi munin. Saboda haka, a lokacin da magana game da wani zabi ga wannan hallakaswa gun, shi ne mafi dace wa magana ba sosai game da al'ada manyan bindigogi, a matsayin mahara roka launchers, kuma ko da kai farmaki da jirgin sama. "Tulip" bada hanya zuwa daban-daban MRL fãce a cikin harbi range, yayin da muhimmanci gaba na kudi na wuta da kuma maneuvering halaye. Bugu da kari, "mahaukaciyar guguwa" da "Grad", suka ce, suna makafi, yayin da bawo kora daga "Tulip", za a iya sarrafawa mugun.

Saka hannu cikin ya e-ya e duniya

A farko tsanani gwajin fara soja mataki a Afghanistan. 240-mm kai-propelled turmi "Tulip" ya bayyana kanta a mountainous yankunan da "m". A Afghanistan yaki ya dauka 120 ACS part, yafi amfani high-m fragmentation mahakar, kuma Ya shiryar da makamai masu linzami "Daredevil."

Na yi amfani da "Tulip" da kuma biyu Chechnya yaƙe-yaƙe. Bayan na farko harbi Dudayev ta zargi Rasha da faduwa a nukiliya bam. A gaskiya ma, cikin halaka Ya sanya daya da kuma kawai tawa.

Yau turmi "Tulip" da aka ba su gani ba a sake a cikin Donbass. Bisa ga warlords, VSN sojojin da a kawo musu kayan 2 turmi "Tulip", suka samu a yi yãki.

Yau turmi "Tulip" dauka daga samarwa, amma ba su tafi ba daga sabis.