Takarce - a tarihi da kuma girman kai na Sin sojojin ruwa

Ba kowa ba ne zai iya ji kalmar nan "takarce". Amma waɗanda suka ji shi karo na farko, mai yiwuwa mamaki da abin da ake nufi. 'Yan mutane san cewa takarce - wani gargajiya na kasar Sin jirgin, wanda yana da yawan gagarumin bambanci daga wakilan da Turai Shipbuilding masana'antu. Kuma bambanci ne m da farko duba, da kuma kara nazarin wannan sabon abu jirgin.

rarrabe bayyanar

Babban bambancin dake tsakanin takarce daga sauran jiragen ruwa shi ne cewa feed wannan jirgin ruwa ne quite m kuma sosai dagagge. A daidai wannan lokaci da hanci da ciwon ma rectangular siffar, shi ne quite low. Ko da kuwa da makõma, a gargajiya na kasar Sin jirgin da wani lebur kasa. Duk wannan halitta sosai sabon abu bayyanar junks da yadda ya kamata gaba da asali filafili da kuma na gargajiya da zane-zanen a tarnaƙi kuma raya. Matsayin mai mulkin, akwai aka nuna da duwãtsu, kuma girgije, kazalika da dodo da sauran yanci tãlikai.

Saboda irin wannan yawan daga cikin halaye na takarce - yana da tabbas mafi recognizable jirgin a duniya da kuma a lokaci guda musamman, kamar yadda da na gargajiya Turai jiragen ruwa amfani a mafi yawan kasashen, shi yana da matukar kadan a na kowa. Duk da haka, akwai mutane da yawa irin wannan jirgin - a cewar wasu kafofin, fiye da 300.

labarin

Wannan sunan shi ne reminiscent na gargajiya American sunan da aka samu daga Malay kalmar djong, wanda yake shi ne cin hanci da rashawa na kalmar yuzhnominskogo yare, ma'ana "jirgin ruwa". A wasu kalmomin, takarce - wannan jirgin fiye da, a gaskiya, shi ne.

An tsohon labari ya ce, farkon abin da jirgin na da irin wannan da aka kafa a cikin sama da Sin sarki Fu Hsi. Ya rayu a cikin m 29th karni BC da aka sani na gaskiyar cewa mazaunan ƙasar ya ba da sirrin ilimi, taimakawa ga ci gaban wayewar. Ba mamaki, da Sin takarce girmama mutanen Far East da kuma Kudu-East Asia, kamar wasu irin dabba, da ciwon da halin, hali da kuma fara'a. Duk da haka, wasu masana tarihi ayan yi imani da cewa na farko junks bayyana game da 1000 shekaru kafin mu zamanin.

Duk da cewa, kasar Sin shi ne kasa da sauran kasashe sun kasance sha'awar da nazarin m sassa na teku, da farko marine jirgin ruwa bayyana a nan. Kuma shi ya takarce. Its kwanciyar hankali a yarda rawar daji a cikin bude ruwan duk masu girma dabam, amma gudun a lokaci guda zauna fairly kananan.

m filafili

Ga wani mafi sananne alama ne ta junks wani sabon abu hali, da kuma wani a cikin ta farko kusantar da hankali ga filafili. Masts a kan irin wannan jirgin, yawanci daga uku zuwa biyar. Suna located kwance bamboo sandunan, wanda suke da kambun da sabon abu filafili. A general view of su yayi kama da fan - biyu azahiri da nadawa tsarin.

Da farko, da filafili aka sanya na Reed mats, wanda sanya su nauyi sosai, don haka da takarce a lokacin da aka ba saba azumi yin iyo. Amma da bukatar da shi ba. Amma ƙarfi daga cikin abu damar da ze tashi yin tsayayya gusts na ko da karfi da iska. Daga baya mat aka maye gurbinsu da nama da ya karu rapidity da maneuverability.

A ƙarshen XIII karni, kasar Sin ta ziyarci Venetian m da kuma matafiyi Marco Polo. Ya sanya wani cikakken bayanin asalin nahiyar Asiya jirgin da ya kawai mamaki, wasu junks a Bugu da kari ga data kasance hudu masts za a iya saka kayayyakin, za ka iya tura 'yan filafili.

soja junks

Mene ne takarce ga kasar Sin? Sau da yawa shi ne m jirgin ko kai. Fiye da wuya shi aka yi amfani da soja dalilai. Masana tarihi sun lura da wani ban sha'awa gaskiya: a cikin 16-17 karnoni, kasar Sin ya nuna up da bakin tekun na Portuguese, Dutch, kuma Japan fashi. Maimakon shirin yaqi da sojoji da kuma kore su, da Sin ya juya zuwa ga tsoho treatises, bada shawarwari a cikin wannan harka. Ba gano amsar tambaya, mutane na kasar Sin sun yanke shawarar barin abubuwa kamar yadda suke su ne.

Duk da haka, abin da yake takarce, amma jirgin ne manufa domin soja mataki? Da zaman lafiyar na jirgin ba ka damar kafa shi daga 5 zuwa 7 12-pounders da musamman shirin shawo cewa kare daga harsasai da kibiyoyi. A wannan yanayin, da ƙungiya size ya da mutane 200 da kuma kawar da - 200 tons.

Japan junks

Junks, halitta a Japan, ɗan daban-daban daga kasar Sin, ciki har da azahiri. A farko wuri tsaya fitar da curvature daga cikin bangarorin da tashe high sama da abinci da ruwa, sun rataye a kan dabaran.

Ba kamar da Sin, da Japan takarce - wani jirgin tare da daya kawai tsakiyar mast, wanda shi ne kunkuntar rectangular ze tashi. Wani kananan tilted mast located a kan baka na jirgin, kuma tabbas za a iya tsabtace idan ya cancanta. Wata sifa ta Japan junks ne cewa bim - bim cewa, samar da kafuwar bene - sun waje da jirgin ruwa, haka ne kara mai amfani sarari a karkashin kaya.

wayewar

Duk da cewa da takarce aka ƙirƙira fiye da 3 shekara dubu da suka wuce, shi ne har yanzu dacewa. Babban dalilin - cikakken zane, wanda ya samar da zaman lafiya, da kuma iya aiki maneuverability a cikin kududdufi ruwa. Domin shekaru masu yawa da tsoho craft kusan canzawa, har ma a yanzu shi ne har yanzu wannan na da takarce. Photo fili ya nuna yadda kadan bambanci akwai tsakanin haihuwa da kuma na zamani jirgin.

A halin yanzu, wasu daga cikin matalauta yankunan kasar Sin suna tilasta su zauna a cikin junks, wanda shi ne da yawa mai rahusa fiye da sayen gida. A jirgin ruwa na samar da masunta da abinci da kuma bada jini, don haka shi ne quite rare wuri zauna. Masu gida-junks fi son shirya a cikin kõguna a kusa da manyan birane. Yawan jama'a a wadannan iyo kauyuka na iya zama har zuwa 80 dubu mutane, kamar yadda, misali, a birnin Canton. A Hong Kong, Sin da ke zaune a junks, ma, sallama mai yawa - game da dubu 12. Bugu da kari, a halin yanzu junks amfani don jawo hankalin masu yawon shakatawa.