Ivan 3: sakamakon Board kuma al'adunmu

Daga cikin shugabannin Moscow tsaye daga Ivan 3. Results ta sarautar Sarkin sarakuna ne da gaske ban sha'awa. Da ya gudanar ya gama a kusa da birnin Moscow kusan duk Rasha asashe. Lokacin da aka karshe kika aika Mongolian karkiya. Wadannan da sauran nasarorin Ivan ya zama zai yiwu gode wa m diflomasiyya da kuma hikima.

A halin da ake ciki siyasa

Ivan III da aka haife shi a 1440 a cikin iyali na Moscow Grand Prince Vasily cikin duhu. Mahaifinsa ya kusan dukan mulkinsa a yaki tare da dangi - contenders for kursiyin. A lokacin da jayayya, da Basil aka makantar da na karshe shekaru ransa kusan incapacitated. Babbansu ɗa, Ivan ya zama idanu da kunnuwan. Daga wani matashi, magajin karatu Public Administration. Duk da basira da ya samu a lokacin da mahaifinsa ya taimake shi a nan gaba, a lokacin da Grand Duke ya yi wuya da kuma alhakin yanke shawara.

Tare da Vasily ta mutuwa a 1462, ya ci sarauta Ivan 3. A sakamakon sarautar ubansa, duk da yakin jayayya, an ƙarfafa. Moscow zama babban Rasha siyasa cibiyar. Sai maƙwabta sun Zolotaya Orda, Tver da Ryazan sarauta, Lithuania da kuma Novgorod Jamhuriyar. Duk wadannan jihohi sun yi lokaci-lokaci rikice-rikice da Kremlin, don haka Ivan Vasilyevich da farko shekaru sarautar samun amfani da m hargitsi a cikin kasashen waje da manufofin.

Yaqi tare da Lithuania

A wannan zamanin Mongol mulki, Moscow gudanar ya gama mafi ƙasar na zuwa arewa-maso-gabas Rasha. Waɗannan su ne wuraren da a kwarin da babba ya kai na Volga kuma ta tributary da Oka. Duk da haka, a yamma akwai wani karfi da zai iya zama madadin cibiyar na Rasha.

Yana da aka Lithuania, wanda, duk da dama ga wani Lithuanian daular cewa alama mafi yawan jama'a kunshi gabashin Slavs. A XIV-XV ƙarni. wannan jiha ya tafi a kan rapprochement tare da cocin Poland. Kasashen biyu sun kammala jam'iyya, kuma Ya halitta Rzeczpospolita. Don sabon jam'iyya dade Novgorod aristocracy, karkashin jagorancin Marfa Boretskaya. Waɗannan aukuwa iya hana sarautar Ivan 3. Results da Sarkin sarakuna ya nuna cewa ya gaske sane da Yaren mutanen Poland-Lithuanian barazana da kuma kokarin kowace hanya don doke abokin kokawarsa a "tara ƙasashe" akalla daya mataki.

A abolition na Novgorod Jamhuriyar

A 1471 Novgorod Prince of Moscow ayyana yaki. Bisa ga yarjejeniya Korostynskomu talakansa jamhuriyar ta samu 'yancin kai daga Kremlin an tabbatar. Wannan jayayya a takaice ya kwantar da halin da ake ciki.

Ivan da yawa 'yan leƙen asirin a Novgorod, wanda kallonsa cikin yanayi na gida aristocracy. A lõkacin da suka ce wa sarkin game da wani sabon yunkurin aika wani jakadan da Polish sarki, a Moscow, an yanke shawarar yin amfani da wannan cin amana a matsayin uzuri ga yaki. Novgorod kusan mika wuya ba tare da wani yaki. Saboda haka, a 1478 an karshe a haɗe zuwa image na Rasha jihar. Babban alama ce da 'yanci na gida taro kararrawa aka dauka zuwa Moscow.

shiga Tver

Shi ne kuma karfi da wata jayayya da wasu makwabtan yi Ivan 3, sakamakon da hukumar wanda ya nuna tasiri na ta m siyasa. A cikin tsohon kwana shi ne babban abokin hamayyarsa na Moscow Tver. Wannan zamanin yana biye da mu, kuma yanzu mulkin wannan sarauta Mikhail Borisovich kokarin yin sulhu akai tare da Kremlin. Lokacin Ivan ya da wani yãro, sai ya yi aure da 'yar'uwar da gwamnan Tver Maryamu. Ma'auratan da wani kawai yaro. Ya aka ma mai suna Ivan. A kan masu juna biyu gefe, wannan yaro ya zama contender ga kursiyin Tver.

Lokacin da Michael kokarin je ga rapprochement tare da Poland, Ivan sa'an nan ya tafi da rundunar ya babban birnin kasar. Tver yarima, farga da rashin bege na matsayinsa, sai ya gudu waje. Saboda haka, a 1485, Ivan ya iya shiga gādonsa ba tare da yaki.

A lokaci guda, da talakansa matsayi zuwa Moscow sun sauran "m" Rasha birane - Pskov da Ryazan. Wannan nasara ne sakamakon sarautar Ivan 3. A nuna tebur da babban abubuwa da suka shafi mulkinsa.

A karshen da karkiya daga cikin khan

Wani muhimmin batu na dogon lokaci shi ne Tatar-Mongol barazana ga dukan na Rasha mutane. Na dogon lokaci da khans tattara haraji daga Slavic sarakuna. A 1380, Dmitry Donskoy ya ci Tatars a yakin Kulikov. Tun daga nan, su rinjayi da yawa weaker, sakamakon siyasa fragmentation a cikin Golden taro. Halaye da kuma sakamako na zamanin Ivan 3 sun kasance a cikin ƙuduri na ƙarshe na wannan matsala.

A karshe Khan, kokarin su sa su yi aikin gandu na Moscow yarima, ya zama Khan Big taro Akhmat. Ya daina mallakar Siberia, Crimea da Nogais, kamar yadda da magabata, amma har yanzu m. A 1480, ya tafi zuwa ga Maris a birnin Moscow. Ivan tafi gani maƙiyi jagoranci squads. Haɗuwar jama'a biyu, suka tsaya daura da Ugra kogin, da kuma taba arangama a yakin cirkaka Ahmat. Farga cewa ba zai iya sdyuzhil tare da sarkin, sai ya juya baya. Bayan wannan episode, da Tatar-Mongol karkiya karshe an kika aika. A sakamakon sarautar Ivan 3, a takaice, sa a gaskiyar cewa ya ya iya kare Moscow daga barazanar kasashen waje. The prince mutu a 1505, predicated a kan nasarar da suka samu da kuma nasarorin.