Soviet, Jamus da kuma Amirka, sulke da motocin yakin duniya na II

Yadda shi ya samo asali sulke da motocin yakin duniya na II? Mene ne Soviet tankuna, makiya ko majiɓinta baiciNa? Jamus masu yi na sulke da motocin sun kasance a abin da shugabanci da kuma Rasha? Wadannan tambayoyi ne da dacewar ba kawai ga talakawa karatu, amma kuma kwararru da yawa suka yi nazarin wannan lokaci. Babban wakilin sulke da motocin - wani tanki, ta hanyar da aka lashe yawa babbar fadace-fadace.

Basic rarrabuwa na tankuna

Nau'in tankuna ba raya dare. Musamman ma a cikin lokaci akai-akai canza tsakanin biyu a duniya yaƙe-yaƙe, da manufar yin amfani da wadannan soja motocin. Ƙirƙirar musamman makamai, iya aiki a daban-daban yanayin damina a cikin fagage daban-daban da kuma yin daban-daban ayyuka - wannan shi ne sosai wuya m aiki. Saboda haka na farko na duk don ƙirƙirar tankuna dangane da bukatar irin wannan makamin, da yanayi na ta yin amfani da ko da yaushe dauki la'akari da tattalin arziki da dalilai, watau ikon jihar su ciyar wani adadin.

Yana dole ne a jaddada cewa, a kasashen da dama da tankuna rarrabuwa ya daban-daban da kuma wasu har sabani. Alal misali, a cikin tarayyar Soviet na nuna fama abin hawa taro kuma sun fi mayar a kan manufarta. A Jamus, shi ya ba da fifiko ga zamo daga cikin makami. A Birtaniya, ya zama rabo na sulke da motocin samar da main manufa.

Fashewa tashin, ko na Jamus m

A cikin thirties, akwai lokatan muhimman canje-canje a cikin fama da aiki na tankuna. Wannan ya kai ga cewa su sun samo asali daga zalla wani taimako zuwa ga daya daga cikin manyan daukan hankali da karfi da sojojin ƙasa. A kudi na girma ne msar tambayar bincike a cikin yin amfani da sulke da motocin, wata babbar lamba na masana kimiyya, masana sun gano cewa, ta hanyar mayar da hankali kan wani yanki na tankuna yankin, za ka iya amfani da su don warware wasu sarrafawa matsaloli. Jamus sulke da motocin yakin duniya na II na tsawon farko a 1939 riga tara a cikin dukan tanki kungiyoyin.

Ganin cewa a cikin Jamus akwai da dama iri tankuna. Wadannan alamomin da ake amfani da wajen rikitarwa hali kirtani raguwa PzKnfw, amma a zahiri shi - wani sulke yãƙi abin hawa. A farko tank, ɗauke shi zuwa sabis ta Nazi Jamus, ya zama wani haske T1.

Da tsawon kusa da 4 mita fama nauyi na na'ura da aka 5.4 ton. Yana da bulletproof makamai zanen gado tare da wani kauri daga 6 zuwa 13 millimeters. A hasumiyar, biyu inji bindigogi, da ƙungiya kunshi mutane biyu da aka samu. Matsakaicin hanya gudun ya 37 kilomita awa, kuma a giciye-kasa - game da 20.

Wani irin tank a Jamus sojojin T2. A da yawa hanyoyi shi ya kama da T1, amma da karin iko da makamai, da kuma matukan jirgin kunshi mutane uku riga. T1 da T2 da 'yan gyare-gyare. Mafi yawa, sun kasance daban-daban shasi da powerplant. Jamus sulke da motocin yakin duniya na II zuwa farkon tashin a 1939 akwai game da dubu uku tankuna.

Czechoslovak yaki da inji kuma shuke-shuke

A Czechoslovakia shi aka kãma matsayin tankuna da kansu da kuma masana'antu inda suke samar. Wadannan fama motocin da aka kaddamarda LT35 da LT38. Jamus da suka samu fihirisa 35t da 38T. Czechoslovak tankuna ba kawai haske a kwatanta da Jamusanci motoci, suka kuma sanye take da mafi m makamai.

A kauri daga cikin makamai faranti ya kuma kasance mafi kuma, bisa manufa, wanda zai iya magana da su mafi kariya, idan ba a "amma." Ya bambanta da Jamusanci tankuna cewa ya welded yi, Czech tattara ta rivets, da kuma lokacin da tank samu wani harsashi, suka tashi da kuma rauni ƙungiya, har ma a lokuta inda babu shigar azzakari cikin farji ta hanyar makamai.

M firtsi Jamus designers

Jamus sulke da motocin yakin duniya na II an ci gaba da inganta. All sabon hari da aka kafa domin developers. Kuma nan da nan akwai T3 da T4. T3 An dade an dauke da matuƙar a sulke dakarun na Wehrmacht. The fama nauyi na mota ya kusan 20 ton. Matsakaicin kauri daga cikin makamai faranti ya kai 30 millimeters. Da farko T3 dauke da makamai a gun da uku da bindigogi, biyu daga wanda aka saka a hasumiya, da kuma na uku - a kan wani mai siffar zobe hali a wani frontal broneliste.

Game da tank T4, shi ne ta hanyar yawa halaye da aka kama T3. Aƙalla daidai nauyi yãƙi, tsaro Manuniya, duka biyu amfani da wannan irin engine da ƙungiya kunshi biyar maza. Babban bambancin shi ne, a makamai.

m tank gini

Amma abin da ya bambanta da Soviet sulke da motocin yakin duniya na II? Tank ci gaba a cikin Tarayyar Soviet a farkon rabin na 1930s da aka bisa ga kwarewa na waje manufacturer, yafi - Birtaniya da kuma Amirka. A shekara ta 1938, a kan makamai dauki nauyi KV1. tank makamai ya protivosnaryadnym. Matsakaicin kauri daga cikin makamai faranti - 75 mm. Armoured Jamus yakin duniya na II ya 2.5 sau karami makamai kauri.

More wuya aiki halittawa yanke shawarar T34. Kuma ya kamata a lura, suna da dakunan da nufin manufofin. Wannan tank, da ciwon high firepower, abin dogara wuta kariya da kuma high motsi, da cewa aiki a matsayin wani tunani batu, wanda aka tsara domin dukan Soviet tank sulke da motocin yakin duniya na II.

Ƙarfafa makamai kariya da za a sanya a cikin sauran tsarin na m matsakaici tanki. Iyakar takardar kauri daga 45 millimeters, da kuma zanen kaya sun kafa su a wani kwana. Wannan qara da alama na irinta. Kuma mafi muhimmanci, kusan ninki biyu da kauri da a kwance makamai. Har ila yau, designers sanin mafi kyau duka kusassari na son. A mafi m ɓangare na gaba, ya kasance mafi da kasa a kan sãsanninku.

Amurka sulke da motocin yakin duniya na II

A lokacin yakin duniya na biyu, kasar Amurka ya halartar wani juyin juya halin da a cikin zane da kuma samar da tankuna. American makamai "Sherman" da aka lashe. Yana da aka tsara don wani ƙungiya daga biyar. Bayan da babban 75mm igwa a hasumiya, da na'ura aka sanye take da uku bindigogi da kuma rokoki zuwa 50,8 millimeter hayaki allo. Armor da wani kauri har zuwa 100 millimeters. Babban amfani da wannan tank shi ne cewa shi hadawa da abũbuwan amfãni daga haske da matsakaici tankuna.

Amma, ba shakka, sulke da motocin yakin duniya na II ba a iyakance ga wadannan sifofi. Cikin dukanin lokaci na tashin developers kullum la'akari duk da ribobi da fursunoni da wani soja, da kuma yadda wannan ya za'ayi zamani.