Galicia-Volyn sarauta: Gwargwadon wuri. Samuwar Galicia-Volyn sarauta

Don gaske masani a cikin tarihi, kana bukatar ka tunani wakiltar bukatun na zamanin, ruhun da lokaci da kuma babban haruffa. Yau za mu yi kadan tafiya zuwa na da Rasha a cikin picturesque ƙasar Galicia da Volyn.

Mene ne shi, Rasha 12-13 ƙarni?

A farko wuri - kasu kananan jihohi, kowanne daga abin da zaune da kansa dokoki da kuma na da m (yarima). Wannan sabon abu ne da ake kira mulkin gargajiya fragmentation na Rus. Kowane sarauta mutane magana a wani yare na Rasha harshen, wanda ya dogara a kan Gwargwadon wuri na ƙasa.

Wani mai ban sha'awa na'urar mulkin gargajiya jama'a na Rasha. Masana tarihi gane biyu azuzuwan - mulki Elite, hada da manyansu (boyars m), da kuma aji na dogara manoma. Last ko ta yaya shi ko da yaushe ya juya daga mai yawa fiye da.

A manyan birane, ne gida zuwa wani aji - sana'a. Wadannan mutane suna da wani gagarumin ikon halitta kwarai abubuwa. Godiya a gare su, ya bayyana Gzhel zanen da kuma itace sassaƙa, da aka sani ba kawai a Rasha amma kuma kasashen waje. A 'yan kalmomi, muka yi magana, game da na da Rasha, za su ci gaba da zama na musamman da tarihi na Galicia-Volyn sarauta.

Duniya na zuwa sarauta

The matasa jihar, ci gaban wanda ya fara a cikin Grand Prince Roman Mstislavovich kunshi daban-daban asashe. Abin da suke wadannan yankuna? A tsarin da aka kafa ta Bagalike, Volyn, Lutsk, Polissya, Kholmsk na Zvenigorod da Terebovlya ƙasar. Har ila yau, wani ɓangare na ƙasa na zamani Moldova, Transcarpathia, skirts da Podlasie.

Kamar daban-daban wasanin gwada ilimi, wadannan ƙasar abubuwan da kafa Galicia-Volyn sarauta (yanayin wuri da kuma kasashe makwabta na matasa jihar za a iya bayyana a babi na gaba).

Duchy Location

A kudu maso yammacin Rasha ya ta'allaka ne da Galicia-Volyn sarauta. A Gwargwadon wurin da sabon jam'iyya ya fili riba. Yana hadawa uku al'amurran:

• Shi ne a tsakiyar Turai.
• dadi sauyin yanayi.
• m ƙasar, ko da yaushe kawo girbi mai kyau.

The m wuri nufi da daban-daban makwabta, amma dai ba duka daga gare su sun sada zumunci ga matasa a jihar.

A gabas, matasa jummai yana da dogon iyaka da Kiev da Turov-Pinsk sarauta. Dangantaka tsakanin 'yan uwantaka da jama'a suka m. Amma kasashen dake yamma da arewa da aka ba musamman ni'imtar da ita a cikin matasa jihar. Poland da kuma Lithuania sun ko da yaushe ya so ya sarrafa Galicia da Volyn, wadda daga ƙarshe ta samu a cikin 14th karni.

A kudancin jihar gefe da gefe da Golden taro. Hulda da ta kudancin makwabcin da yaushe aka wuya. Wannan shi ne saboda gagarumin al'adu bambance-bambance da kuma gaban da jayayya yankuna.

Brief Historical Fage

Sarauta tashi a 1199, a mahaɗar tsakãninsu biyu yanayi. Na farko shi ne mai ma'ana - gano da gaba biyu al'adar irin wannan yankunan (Galicia da Volyn) da kuma m kasashe makwabta (The Kingdom of Poland da kuma Zolotaya Orda). Na biyu - fitowan da wani karfi na siyasa adadi - Prince Roman Mstislavovich. A hikima m na cike da sanin cewa mafi jihar, da sauki a gare shi ya yi tsayayya da na kowa, maƙiyi, kuma a al'adance kusa al'ummai samun tare a wannan jiha. Ya ra'ayin biya kashe, kuma a cikin marigayi 12th karni, wani sabon ilimin.

Wa gãshin matasa jihar? Mazauni na Golden taro sun iya girgiza Galicia-Volyn sarauta. Ci gaban jihar ƙare a cikin marigayi 14th karni.

m shugabanni

Fiye da shekaru 200 na zama na jihar ziyarci mutane daban-daban a cikin ikon. Hikima shugabanni - a real godsend ga Galicia da Volyn. Saboda haka, wanda ya gudanar kawo a kwantar da hankula da kuma zaman lafiya ga wannan yanki tsawon jimrewa? Wa su wadannan mutane?

• Yaroslav Vladimirovich Osmomysl - Roman gada Mstislavovich, da farko ya zo da ƙasa a cikin tambaya. Na iya samu nasarar kafa kanta a bakin Danube.
• Roman Mstislavovich - combiner Galicia da Volyn.
• Daniel Romanovich Galitsky - 'yan qasar dan Roman Mstislavovich. Sake kawo tare ƙasar Galicia-Volyn sarauta.

M shugabanni na sarauta sun kasa karfi-so. A 1392, shi daina wanzuwa Galicia-Volyn sarauta. Sarakuna sami ikon yin tsayayya da waje makiya. A sakamakon haka, ya zama Volyn Lithuania, Galicia tafi Poland da kuma Red Rus - Hungary.

Specific mutane sun halitta Galicia-Volyn sarauta. Sarakuna, wanda nasarori da aka bayyana a cikin wannan babi, da gudummawar da ci gaba da kuma cin nasarar yaki da matasa jihar a kudu maso yammacin Rasha.

Hulda da makwabta da kuma kasashen waje da manufofin

Iko kasashen kewaye da Galicia-Volyn sarauta. A ɓangaren da na matasa jihar nuna rikice-rikice da makwabta. A yanayi na kasashen waje da manufofin, dauke da dogara a kan wani musamman tarihi lokacin da m: akwai haske ci, shi ma wani lokaci na tilasta hadin gwiwa tare da Roma. Last aiwatar don kare da sandunan.

Roman ci Mstislavovich da Danilo Galitsky aikata wani matashi a jihar tare da daya daga cikin karfi a Gabashin Turai. Prince ciyar combiner hikima kasashen waje da manufofin zuwa Lithuania, Kingdom of Poland da Hungary. Ya gudanar da yada rinjayar Kyiv Rus a 1202-1203 gg. A sakamakon haka, mutane na Kiev da kome bar amma ya yarda da sabon m.

Babu kasa ban sha'awa da kuma siyasa rabo Danily Galitskogo. Lokacin da ya ke yaro, a kan ƙasa na Volyn da Galicia hargitsi. Amma kamar yadda ya fara tasawa, matasa magaji zuwa da wadannan a cikin sahun mahaifinsa. Lokacin da Danilo Romanovich reappeared Galicia-Volyn sarauta. Prince ƙwarai fadada karkarar jihar: annexed gabashin makwabcin da kuma wani ɓangare na Poland (ciki har da - Lublin).

musamman Al'adu

Tarihi nuna rashin bambanci nuna cewa kowane m jihar halitta da kansa kwarai al'adu. Yana da ga ta, kuma mutane gane shi.

Al'adu halaye na Galicia-Volyn sarauta sosai bambancin. Za mu duba a cikin gine na na da garuruwa.

Stone majami'u da kuma gidãjen faye hali Galicia-Volyn sarauta (Novgorod duniya yana da arziki, a wannan gine-gine). A 12-13 karnoni, musamman makaranta na gine-gine, a cikin garũruwa na Galicia da Volyn. Ta tunawa da hadisai na biyu Yammacin Turai artists kuma ma'adanin na Kiev makaranta. Local sana'a, Mun halitta irin gine-gine Masterpieces kamar yadda ɗauka cewa Cathedral a Vladimir-Volyn da kuma haikalin St. Panteleimon a Galich.

Har abada shiga tarihi na ban sha'awa a jihar a kudancin Rasha - Galicia-Volyn sarauta (ɓangaren da shi mun riga sani). A irin tarihi da kuma kyakkyawan yanayi ya ko da yaushe janyo hankalin shi magoya to gano a duniya.