Ƙarshen Ma'aikata na 1861. Dalilin da sakamakon

Har abada a cikin tarihin Rasha, Alexander II zai kasance a matsayin mai sassauci na serfs. Sauye-sauye na Alexander II an bambanta da dimokuradiyya da kuma gradualism. Kar ka manta cewa saurin gyarawa shine asirin tsarin mulkin mallaka. Kuma Alexander ya san asiri na biyu.

Alexander na biyu tun yana matashi ya kasance mai kula da shi. Duk da haka, zai iya fara yin shi ne kawai bayan ya ɗauki kursiyin. Waɗanne dalilai domin irin wannan mabiyin so na monarch saki na serfs?

1) Alexander na biyu, kamar yadda wani mai hikima da kuma m m, ya fahimci cewa serfdom jihar birki. Daga amfani da duk wani abu mai ɗaukar nauyi, kasashen Turai na duniyar da suka ƙi. Rasha ta ci gaba da jinkirta, yana jin tsoron aiwatar da gyare-gyare. A ra'ayi na Alexander na biyu, dole ne a sake kawar da sauye-sauye na kasar gona a kan tushen dukan dalilan da Rasha ta dauka a baya bayan duniyar duniya.

2) Iskandari ya gamsu da cewa kasancewar sakon a cikin kasar yana da mummunar tasiri ga iyalan tsaron Rasha. Rikicin ya haifar da rage yawan ra'ayi da Rasha ta kasance a tsakanin kasashen Turai. Bugu da ƙari, yawancin sarakuna na Turai suna ganin shi ƙarƙashin ikon su na kasuwanci tare da Rasha. Kamar dai a zamanin Ancient Rus, lokacin da Vladimir bai iya isa hannun Dattawan Constantinople ba kawai domin yana da arna ne.

3) Kada ka manta cewa sabon shugaban ya tashi a ruhun haskakawa da dimokuradiyya. Ƙwararrun fasaha sun dade suna da'awar kawar da serfdom. Malam na Alexander II a cikin matasa ya kasance Vasily Zhukovsky, wanda shi ne shugaban da m kawo dukkan na XIX karni. Zhukovsky ya zama malamin Pushkin. Bisa ga Alexander na biyu, farfadowa na kasashen waje ya kamata su sami tasirin tasiri a kan bangaren ruhaniya na al'ummar Rasha.

An fara farkon sake fasalin a 1857, lokacin da masarautar ta kafa kwamitin asirin. Kwamishinan asirin ya yi aiki a kan shirin da aka soke zartar da sakon ya kamata ya zama mafi sassauci da rashin dacewa.

Babbar matsala ga masarautar ita ce adawa tsakanin bukatun serfs da mutunci. Mashahuran sun tabbatar da cewa kawar da sakon a kasar bata da amfani. Ba su so su rabu da ƙasashensu da mutanensu.

Serfs, a akasin haka, sunyi imanin cewa gyara na farfajiyar ya kamata ya sake dawo da 'yancinsu, da kari, kuma ya kawo ƙasar da za ku iya gudanar da kasuwanci. Ba shi yiwuwa a yarda da duka biyu.

1861 Fabrairu 19 , akwai wani gagarumin taron ga dukkan Rasha - serfdom da aka soke. Cikin dukan ƙasar, ana karanta ka'idodi na Alexander II a majami'u. Bisa ga wannan doka, dukan serfs sun sami 'yanci da' yancin kai daga tsoffin masu mallakar su. Kowace ƙwaƙwalwa ya karbi ƙasa don amfanin kansa. Duk da haka, wannan ƙasa an dauke shi mallakar mallakar mai mallakar gida. Farmers da ake bukata domin samun saya ƙasarsu daga mallaki gidaje, da neman 'yancin kai dũkiyarku ba.

Saboda haka, na kauda tashe serfdom a 1861 har abada canza Rasha. Duk da haka, ba ma'abuta gidaje ko manoma sun gamsu ba. Masu mallakar gidaje sun yi imanin cewa ana sace su, suna kawar da ƙasashe marasa adalci. Ma'aikata sun tabbata cewa sabon sakon ya maye gurbinsu da wani sabon abu, wanda ya zama sanannun aiki. A sakamakon haka ne, an hukunta Iskandari na biyu a kowane bangare na al'umma. Bayan shekaru 20, Alexander ya rasa asali daga cikin mutane. A shekara ta 1881, 'yan tawayen sun kashe shi daga cikin kabilun mutane, wadanda suka fi dacewa a Rasha a ƙarshen karni na 19.

Duk da haka, Alexander na biyu ya gangara a cikin tarihin Rasha a matsayin babban adadi, wani mai gyarawa mai ban sha'awa, wani dan siyasa mai zurfi. Yana da godiya ga aikin sake fasalin Alexander a karo na biyu cewa Rasha ta kasance irin wannan fuska.