Zamo 338 Lapua Magnum

A gwada da sabon 338 Lapua Magnum harsashi da aka asali tsara don sniping a manyan nisa, duk da haka, yanzu ana amfani da lãka tattabara harbi, kazalika dayansu. 338 Lapua Magnum faruwa tsakanin .50 BMG harsasai da kuma .308 Winchester.

ganawa

A shekarar 1983, Amurka Ma'aikatar tsaron ta sanar a gasar don ƙirƙirar sabuwar maharbi ta harsashi. A harsashi ya hadu da dama sigogi. Da fari dai, shi ne abu na rauni girma manufa a dogon zangon (a kan 1500 mita), kuma abu na biyu - waste harsashi to 900 m / sec da wani taro na 250 hatsi (1 Gran = 0,0647 grams).

labarin

Daga cikin wasu, domin kafa Kanmu Research makamai Industries na USA. Shan farauta harsashi .416 Rigby, designers Boots Obermeyer da Dzhim Bell (shi zai sa'an nan .700 nitro Express, ya zama mafi m na game) ƙirƙirar harsashi cewa ya cika dukan bukatu na gasar. Ya samun da sunan .338 Bell. Amma duk da m kiyaye yanayi, akwai wani gagarumin hasara. Hannun Riga .416 Rigby iya tsayawa ba da karfi matsa lamba na foda gas da kuma karfi da maras kyau, wanda ba kawai ya jagoranci wani m tabarbarewar makamai, amma zai iya zama haɗari ga maharbin.

Bayan na farko gazawar

Palm koma kamfanin daga Lapua Finland. Halitta su ne asalin hannun riga, da kuma wannan yanke shawarar da nakasawa matsala. Mun harsashi kwalban-dimbin yawa shafi, lebe ba protrude. Matsakaicin matsa lamba a lokacin da fashewa da foda - 400 MPa, da kuma hannun riga tsayayya da matsa lamba na 420 MPa. Sa'an nan suka ci gaba da kuma wani harsashi, mafi daidaituwa ga harbi wani mutum a irin wannan babban nesa. Shekaru hudu daga baya, a shekarar 1987, kamfanin ya fara nuna 338 zamo (8.6 mm x 70) karkashin nadi Lapua Magnum.

shiru kisa

A layi daya da halittar harsashi, da m Kauce wa kuskure International LTD daga Ingila ya tasowa a bindiga zamo 338, da manufar wanda ya m harbi a babban nisa a matsananci yanayi (low yanayin zafi, da tsananin iska). A ake kira Arctic maharbi bindiga, aka wa lakabi da "shiru kisa". Yanzu mun san shi a karkashin sunan Arctic Yin yãƙi a Magnum, L115A, kuma L96. A lokacin da harbi da daya kilometer bindiga ya yada 15-16 cm, shi ne mai matukar m nuna alama. Alal misali, a karkashin bindiga zamo .50 Browning watsawa ya game daya mita karkashin wannan yanayi, ba da babban tasiri, da nauyi da kuma fiye da m harbi.

Daga cikin Arctic bindigogi tãyar da mai rikodin, har yanzu babu wanda ya dukan tsiya: biyu Shots na biyu mutane a nesa na game da biyu kilomita aka kashe.
Bindiga Arctic Yin yãƙi a Magnum iya zama na biyu calibers: 6.2 da kuma 7,62. Weight shi tare da fankon mujallar iya bambanta dangane da gyara na 6.1 to 7.3 kg.

iri harsasai

A harsashi da daya kawai irin harsasai har 1996. Ana zargin sabon harsasai ƙwarai fadada zaɓuɓɓuka saboda yiwu harsashi rayuwa. biyar iri harsasai da aka ɓullo da a karkashin .338 LM:

1. SP (taushi nufi).
2. Bangare (daukaka, kumshin core).
3. HPBT (Tapered wutsiya sashe, wani rami a cikin hanci).
4. FMJBT (harsashi, Tapered wutsiya sashe).
5. FMJ (harsashi harsashi).

SP mariƙin da wani harsashi a wani nauyi na 12,96 grams (200 hatsi) yana wani na farko gudun da harsashi a cikin jirgin 1002 m / sec. M-aya harsashi da 250 hatsi nauyi (16.2 g) a cikin 897 jimloli da index m / sec, da kuma farauta GB488 VLD yana da wani gudu 910 m / sec a wannan nauyi. Har ila yau used makamai da kuma makamai sokin incendiary harsasai Armor Sokin da Armor Sokin Incendiary.

Da dama iri farauta harsasai (Barnes XLC-Bullit - 14.6 g, Sierra MatchKing - 19,4 g, Homady SpirePoint - 16,2 g), ɓullo karkashin harsashi, da kuma gana da duk bayani dalla-dalla. Jirgin gudun su bambance bambancen daga 754 zuwa 920 m / s.

A amfani da wani harsashi

Zamo 338 "Lapua" da aka tsara don sniping da copes tare da aiki da a cikin ra'ayi na lebur yanayin da high daidaituwa, amma lãka tattabara harbi da aka yi amfani da ko da kafin da hukuma gabatar. A shekarar 1986, Amurka lashe kibiya hamayya da shi a Virginia. Har ila yau, harsashi da ake amfani da dayansu. Shi ne sosai rare daga magoya na varmint farauta (farauta a tsawon nisa) da kuma Benchrest (harbi daga dogon zangon a kan takarda manufa).

Saboda farauta harsashi harsasai da aka ɓullo da, tasiri a harbi a wata dabba yin la'akari har zuwa ton.

samarwa

Bugu da kari ga Lapua Finnish kamfanin, tsunduma a samar da harsashi a matsayin Czech kamfanin Sellier & Bellot, Norma daidaici (Sweden), amma yanzu .338 Lapua Magnum aka yi ne kawai a Rasha a Novosibirsk harsashi shuka. Manuniya Rasha lapua da ɗan baya zuwa asali version. A cikakken kwafi na harsashi da aka kira da SP-152.

makamai gidajen

Tã harsashi .338 LM halitta takamaiman ayyuka, da kuma bindigogi da cewa amfani da shi, ya kamata wannan wasa. Amma saboda kunkuntar mayar da hankali da yawa bindigogi da kuma bai yada, kamar M98 Barrett. M98V Barrett ma an ci gaba musamman domin da ma'auni 338 Lapua, shi ne quite sauki (nauyi 6,1 kg - don irin wannan bindiga da gaske bit) da kuma m (1267 mm a tsawon, kuma za a iya hawa unassembled), tare da longitudinally-zamiya ƙofar da shagon for goma akai-akai, da kuma sanye take da wani flash haɗẽwar haushi. Kamar sauran bindigogi na irin wannan, ana iya amfani da su hallaka kayan aiki, amma tsara musamman domin live hari

338 zamo carbine Orsis SE T5000, a Nannagen bindiga da manual sake saiti, dace da farauta ko ga manufa harbi. Har ila yau daga cikin Rasha bindigogi da model karkashin wannan zamo makamai a Rasha kamfanin "Tsar igwa".

Nuna makamai a karkashin kamfanin ta zamo 338 Blaser, Remington, Keppeler, Weatherby, Kauce wa kuskure International (masu yi na "Arctic bindiga"), Sako da sauransu.
By hanyar, da yawa daga wadannan bindigogi suna positioned a matsayin wani wasa, kuma haka a yi amfani da skeet harbi, ciki har da a Rasha. Abinda rike da baya da baza high quality-bindigogi - su farashin.

ingancin Martial

338 LM zama mai kyau Bugu da kari ga harsasai .50BMG, wanda, duk da haka, copes tare da aiki da - harbi a kan haske sulke da motocin a tsawon nisa, amma, don a harba live hari ba dace. Bugu da kari, cikin 338 zamo bindiga juya daga sauƙin "hamsin".

Zamo 338 Lapua Magnum tare da daukaka da harsashi yana da iko da hana da kuma mutuwa sakamako. Harsashi ya keta wani, ko da mãsu nauyi jiki makamai da kuma cikas. Lapua karya da kuma kankare bango, da karfe zanen gado don wani kauri daga 2.4 cm

A farauta harsashi da wani harsashi bangare za a iya amfani da kisan manyan dabbobi kamar beyar, kuma babban ungulates, duk da haka, ko da da wani daukaka da harsashi harsashi ne m da manyan Afirka dabbobi: giwaye, dorinar ruwa, rhinoceroses. A kan irin wannan farauta harsashi aka yi amfani, ci gaba da Dzhimom Bellom da kuma William Feldstein, - .700 nitro Express. A harsashi ga harbe-harben a takaice iyaka, yana da wani na farko harsashi gudu daga 590 m / sec a wani nauyi na 64,8 g ganiya nesa ga wannan da harbe-harben harsasai - 122 m, yayin da shi yana da watsawa na ba fiye da 3 cm tsawon na harsashi 700 ne daidai to 106 ma'auni. 88 mm, da dawowar, duk da nauyi nauyi na gun, shi ne babban - makami kawai punt. Amma ba a banza .700 nitro Express aka dauke mafi iko a duniya ya zama majiɓinci. Harsashi makamashi ne 11.279 J, wanda shi ne isa ya haifar da lamba don rollover a guje karkanda ko giwa. Ko da tare da shan kashi a wurin neuboynoe dabba hasarar da ikon matsawa a lokaci daga 5 zuwa 20 minutes, kuma a wannan lokacin da mafarauci iya gama kashe dabba daga wani m gun.

sabis tarihi

338 Lapua Magnum harsashi da ake amfani da soja dalilai. Yana da aka yi amfani da yaki a Afghanistan (2001), a Iraki, kazalika a gabashin Ukraine da kuma Libya.

Chuck 338 "Lapua" sanannen biyu harbi Craig Harris aka samar (na ba kasa da sanannen "bindiga Arctic") - a 2009, da nufin biyu Shots ya kashe mutane biyu, maƙiyi inji Gunners a Afghanistan.

Yana da wannan sanannun majiɓinci, dadin maharbi Kris Kayl daga Amurka, a lokacin da fitar da mafi m harbi -. 1940 m A Sadr City a shekarar 2008, sai ya kashe wani roka shirin mai gabatarwa cewa zai harba a jerin gwanon da sojojin Amurka.

Wani shahararren harbe Lapua Magnum harsashi da aka yi da Birtaniya Corporal Christopher Reynolds. Har ila yau a Afghanistan, amma a shekara daga baya, ya kashe nufin harbi daga 1853 mita Taliban kwamandan tawagar lakabi Mullah. Domin wannan harbi Kristofer Reynolds da aka bayar da wata lambar yabo.

Sauran harsashi na zamo 338

Harsashi 338 za a iya kira a win tsallaka mayar da hankali, ko da yake yana da kyau yi. 338 Winchester Magnum - farauta harsashi yi nufi ga kisan manyan dabbobi (ciki har da namomin jeji, da Elk), yana da kawai iri uku harsasai, wanda rage da shahararsa tsakanin dayansu, duk da cewar ya dauka mai karfi wuri a cikin alkuki a matsayin mafi m harsashi matsakaici zamo, ba nufi ga harsashi harbi a tsawon nisa. Sales a Amurka, ya yace 7 mm Rem mujalla da 300 Win mujalla. A karkashin zamo 338 Win mujalla a Amurka da kuma duniya ta fito da wani yawa na makamai: Remington & apos; 700, Steyr - Mannlicher da S, Winchester, Alaska ka da sauransu.

Sauran harsasai na wannan zamo - .338 Weatherby Magnum. Harsasai da aka kafa a kan tushen da .378 WeatherbyMagnum. Har ila yau, kamar yadda masu ikirarin Research makamai Industries, Roy Uezerbi halitta sabon harsashi, da crimping na hannun riga. Duk da haka, sabanin 338 Bell, wannan shafi msa da matsa lamba na propellant gas da kuma gasar nasarar da saki a kasuwa .338 Win mujalla, da kuma nauyi ne 250 hatsi kuma ya nuna gudun 900 m / sec.

A karkashin sabon harsashi kamfanin Weatherby bindigogi kaddamar model "Akkyumark", "synthetics" da kuma TPM.

Ban sha'awa al'amari: 338 Lapua Magnum ya zama sunan ga littafin daga cikin jerin "Stalker". Bayan tasowa, da kuma tunzura a cikin aiki da harsashi buga da kalmar "da ya fi tashe". Saboda haka muka fara kira da shooters a kan prohibitive nesa.

A zabi na zamo for sniping

Akwai su da yawa, ra'ayin, amma su duka yarda a kan abu daya: akwai wasu duniya zamo, da 338 ne ba togiya. Bugu da kari, sakamakon ya zamo iya bambanta ƙwarai dangane kan harsashi, da nauyi da kuma siffar, kazalika a kan adadin gunpowder. Kibau iya kansu gyaggyarawa harsasai, da dama canza sigogi a gefen dama na shi, amma yana da musamman kuma ya kamata ne kawai magana game da factory harsashi. A dukan wuraren da na da zunubansu, kuma ban. Kowane ma'auni copes kawai tare da sa ayyuka ga shi, don haka abu na farko da ya kamata ka shirya tare da su.

Light gauges (kasa talatin) ana yanzu miƙa kusan duk masana'antun da makamai. Idan a baya shi da aka yi imani da cewa haske calibers ne kawai dace da harbe-harben a nesa na kasa da 300 mita, shi ne a yanzu a gasar 'yan wasa amfani da shi ko da lokacin da harbi nesa har zuwa daya kilometer. Babban da na zamo - motsi. Gwada da kananan makamai da harsasai nauyi ba ka damar gudanar da mafi harsasai da sauri amsa ga canza yanayi.

Medium-zamo, to abin da nasa ne da kuma .338, tsara don dogon nesa harbi. Idan aka kwatanta da na farko da kungiyar, wannan makami mafi wuya. Bugu da kari, ta yin amfani da bukatar mafi girma doka alhaki: 338 "Lapua" karya ta hanyar kankare shinge, da kuma lokacin da amfani da daukaka da harsasai na iya zama kusan 100% damar ce cewa za a yi ba damar tsira a cikin mutane.

Tã calibers - "hamsin hamsin" sosai sabanin. A daya hannun, sun yi wani m aiki tare da shan kashi na kayan aiki a tsawon nisa, amma a kan manpower ba haka tasiri. Eh, 50-zamo bindiga harsashi ne iya aika zuwa nesa na kan biyu kilomita, amma an ya rinjayi haka da yawa abubuwan da hali da nufin wuta a kan ci gaban da manufa ta zama kusan ba zai yiwu. Saboda haka cewa wani cikakken hit a irin wannan yanayi - a ba maras muhimmanci al'amarin. Kada ka manta da cewa asalin harsashi da aka tsara don wata na'ura gun.

ƙarshe

Duk da cewa da harsasai a magance da ayyuka sanya shi, shi yana da wasu disadvantages. Idan aka kwatanta da "hamsin hamsin," karami zamo bindigogi 338. Suka ku yi awo da matsakaita na daya da rabi sau kasa. Duk da haka zamo 338 ba negate karfi tasiri da kuma deafening sauti na wani harbi. Bindigogi dole ne a sanye take da wani muzzle birki, da kuma kibiya bada shawara mai karfi don amfani da wajen don kare jinka. A bindiga yana da wani nauyi 4.3 kg tasiri daidai 6,88 kg / cm, wanda da dama a cikin category a sama wa talakawan.

338 zamo bindigogi ba kasafin kudin category. Don gane da cikakken m na makamai da kuma harsasai wajibi ne don sayan wani tsada iko kimiyyan gani da hasken wuta. Haka kuma an bada shawarar a samar da wani silencer gun kare jinka da kuma hana hannu yada tarkace a kusa da.

An yi imani da cewa zamo 338 aka halitta don cika wani rata tsakanin .30 zamo (7.62 mm) da kuma .50 (12.7mm). Wata kila wannan shi ne haka. Idan aka kwatanta da na farko huda 338 Lapua, da karfafa pool, kasa da fallasa wa iskar da kuma aka fi kiyaye sanadin motsi makamashi a yankin, da kuma wannan na samar da karin mutuwa sakamako.

Saboda da lebur yanayin munition da tabbaci kunshe a cikin sana'a soja da 'yan sanda makasa. Tare da ya dace makami shi ne iya harbe-harben kan mai tazarar kilomita nesa, kuma a karkashin manufa yanayi, kamar yadda aka tattauna a sama, ba kawai 15 santimita watsa a lokacin da harbe-harben a wannan nesa. In ba haka ba, duk abin da aka iyakance kawai da damar da kibiya.