Yuan Shikai: biography, photos. China karkashin Shugaba Yuan Shikai

'Yan mutane san cewa a cikin farkon karni na 20th a kasar Sin da aka kafa wani sabon sarki daular, wanda dade kawai 83 kwana. Wani mutum wanda ya sanya wani m aiki na al'ada soja autocrat zuwa sararin daular, da ake kira Yuan Shikai. Tarihinsa ƙunshi mutane da yawa ban sha'awa facts, wanda yake shi ne daraja karanta.

Shimfiɗar jariri, da kuma yunnosti

Future Sin fir'auna Yuan Shikai aka haife shi a shekarar 1959 a kauyen Zhandzhun located in Chenzhou Prefecture (Henan), to a iyali na soja. Uwãyensa sun kasance quite m mutane, saboda haka ba dansa mai kyau Confucious ilimi. Duk da haka, ya bai nuna yawa himma a cikin binciken, amma ya m na hawan doki da kuma na gargajiya arts. A sakamakon haka, Yuan Shikai ya kasa sau biyu, to wuce fadar jarrabawa da kuma yanke shawarar zama wani soja, suna begen akalla a matsayin sana'a, musamman a tsakanin 'yan kabila ya da yawa shahara soja shugabannin.

soja aiki

A karshen shekara ta 1870 Yuan Shikai ya dauki Anhui sojojin, umarta ta kwamandan Li Hongzhang, da kuma abun da ke ciki da aka aika zuwa Korea. Akwai ya ya iya nuna da basira a matsayin Oganeza wanda ya ba su tafi ba a gane shi. A sakamakon Shikai aka nada manzon musamman na kasar Sin sarki a Seoul, amma kuma a zahiri shine shugaban karamar hukumar, wadda tare da wasu dalilai, ya sa damuwa a Japan. Fashewa yaki ya haifar da shan kashi na Qing Empire, wanda ya yi tunani game da abin da za a zamanantar da rundunonin. Beiyang kai halittar wani sabon sojojin a kan Jamus da samfurin da aka nada janar Yuan Shikai.

Bayan rasuwar Li Hongzhang a 1901 ya kuma samu cikin post na gwamnan Zhili. Wannan ya biyo ta sauran alƙawura sanya ta Dowager Empress Cixi, wanda kawai ƙarfafa matsayin Shikai.

Saka hannu cikin ya gyara aikinsa,

A lokacin farko shekarun da suka gabata na karni na 20th, Yuan Shikai taka muhimmiyar rawa a kusan duk ya gyara aikinsa, da za'ayi a cikin sansanin, ciki har da halittar ma'aikatar ilimi da kuma 'yan sanda. Ya samu irin ikon da cewa a cikin 1908, da Dowager Empress, ji da ya auka mutuwa, da umarnin da kisa da general. Duk da haka, nan gaba fir'auna yayi sosai cikin hikima: canjawa wuri dukan iko ga sabuwar nada regent - qananan Sarkin sarakuna PU Yi - ya kuma tafi son rai gudun hijira a ƙasarsa ta kauye.

A zaben shugaban kasa

A 1911, a wasu sassa na kasar anti-gwamnati tawaye ya barke. Don kashe taimako da muke bukata Yuan. Ya aka kirã su zuwa ga babban birnin kasar da aka nada firaministan kasar. A wannan lokacin da kasar cikin mawuyacin, kuma a kowace rana fiye da mafi larduna karkashin ikon 'yan Republican. Yuan Shikai zuwa da sauri sami ya fara kai wani biyu play. A sakamakon haka, ya shirya domin kifar da Manchu daular, wanda bauta shekaru da yawa, kuma an zabe shugaban farko na Republican kasar Sin. Nan da nan na musamman tsabar kudin da aka bayar. Yuan Shikai ya yi kira ta kafa na jamhuriyar, amma ya ba. A wannan manufofin bai tsaya, tun lokacin da ya shirya ya haifar da wani sabon daular.

China karkashin Shugaba Yuan Shikai

A 1915, Jamhuriyar Sin ya fage na gwagwarmaya daga cikin manyan ikokin da shugabannin gida iyalan wanda ya so ya ansu rubuce-rubucen da wani ya fi girma yanki. Sa'an nan Yuan Shikai, wanda biography - shine labarin m hawa zuwa taba sabon siyasa tuddai, ya yanke shawarar zama cikin tafin kafa mulkin kasar Sin. Don yin wannan, ya narkar da majalisar dokoki da kuma ayyana kansa shugaban kasar na rayuwa. Sa'an nan Shikai ya fara halittar Sin Empire.

Ko da yake burin da aka mafĩfĩcinku daraja, da kuma ya sanar da burin cimma zaman lafiya da dorewa, da matsayi na mutane a karkashin mulkinsa ya rincabewa ko fiye a cikin daular Qing. A sakamakon haka, a cikin yankuna Again tawaye ya barke.

Da fushin da Sin ya kai iyaka, a lokacin da Yuan Shikai kira da jama'ar kasar Majalisar, wanda gayyace shi zama sarki da kuma kafa sabuwar daular. Duvalier farko tsare ƙi, amma daga baya kariminci amince da "cede" request na jama'ar kasar Sin.

A ƙarshen mulkin kama karya

Shi nan da nan ya juya daga cewa manufar Yuan kawai worsens da Jihar harkokin cikin kasar. Ta aka musamman unpopular tsakanin kasar Sin, a matsayin sabon "sarki" da kariminci rarraba jihar kasa da danginsu, a yarda ta zuwa washe cikin taskar da kuma halakar da adawa. Bugu da kari, mai mulkin danniya kokarin samun kusa da waje wadanada, kuma ko da shirya da aure da 'yar da aka hambarar da Sarkin sarakuna PU Yi

Feeling cewa rike ikon matsayin monarch ya kasa, Maris 22, 1916 Yuan Shikai ya sanar da abolition na daular mulkinsu da kuma cewa ya sake riqe da matsayin shugaban kasa na rayuwa a kasar.

Duvalier ya mutu Yuni 6, 1916 daga uremia. Mutuwarsa ya jefa kasar cikin karin hargitsi, kammala da daidaituwa na kasar Sin a karkashin Kuomintang.

Next a numismatics

A kan gajeren lokaci da sarautar, da fir'auna gudanar da su saki banknotes tare da image. Samar da kan sarki da ya ba da umarnin a Italian Luidzhi Dzhiordzhi. Ba da da ewa, na farko tsabar kudin da aka minted. Yuan Shikai a kan shi aka nuna a cikin cikakken soja garb a Turai iri. Ta fuska darajar daidaita daya dollar. A matsayin kayan amfani da zinariya, da azurfa, da tagulla (gwajin bambance-bambancen karatu). Bugu da ƙari, na farko irin tsabar kudi sun yiwuwa tsaraba. Suka sadaukar da tushe na Jamhuriyar kuma yi nufi ga gabatar dalilai.

A karshen shekara ta 1914 ya zo a cikin wurare dabam dabam azurfa da tsabar kudi a cikin ƙungiyõyi na 1 yuan (USD), kazalika da 10, 20 da kuma 50 Jiao (aninai). A Tyanztsine minted kamar yadda 5 yuan zinariya. A kan baya na tsabar kudin wanda aka nuna da dragon. Sha'awa, da Sin nan da nan Kwafa da sabon tsabar kudi "m kai", kamar yadda "sarki" da aka quite ƙiba ne. Weight tsabar kudi 1 dollar ya 26,7-26,9 grams, don haka a priori zinariya zažužžukan su ne tsada sosai.

Yanzu da ka san wanda ya Yuan Shikai. "Dollar" (China), da lokacin da ya mulkin wata barka da saye domin haraji. Yau, duk da haka, da muka sani da yawa lokuta lokacin da gaskensu aka ƙoƙarin sayar da wayo jabu.