Yankan yanayin for milling. Iri Mills, da lissafi na sabon gudun

Daya hanyar kammala kayan ne milling. Ana amfani da magani daga karfe da ba na ƙarfe ba workpieces. The aiki tsari ne sarrafawa da yankan yanayi.

Jigon da tsari

Milling ne da za'ayi zuwa zurfin roughing da kuma karewa, forming tabbata daga wani profile (ramummuka, GROOVES) yankan hakora a kan toothed ƙafafun, siffar sabawa, vytachivaniya art kayayyaki da kuma rubuta.

Aiki kayan aiki - milling abun yanka - ya yi aikin main Rotary motsi. Na biyu shi ne translational ciyar da workpiece dangi zuwa tafarkinsa. Wannan tsari ne intermittent. Its mafi muhimmanci alama cewa bambanta daga juya da hakowa - da cewa kowane hakori ne raba. A wannan connection, halin da buga a gare shi. Rage da tasiri yiwu a view of wani m kima na halin da ake ciki da kuma zabin da halaye.

Basic Concepts na milling inji

Dangane da yadda za a dogara sanda tsari da kuma hawa da abun yanka a cikinsa, daga daban na ayyukan da za'ayi da kuma a kan hanyoyin da management, gane zuciyar iri na milling kayan aiki:

• a kwance.
• tsaye.
• duniya.
• CNC milling inji.

Ainihin raka'a tsaye milling na'ura:

1. A frame, wanda gidaje da watsa, wanda shirya juyawa daga cikin dogara sanda saka tsaye da kuma masu saro saka a kanta.
2. Table hada da wani wasan bidiyo tare da mai gangara Polozkov domin kayyade da kuma motsi da workpiece da feed akwatin na gudãnar da abinci motsi.

A kwance milling inji kayan aiki da aka gudanar horizontally. A duniya ne da dama iri.

Akwai duniya a kwance kayan aiki, wanda aka halin samuwan aiki tebur da haka fadada cikin kewayon yiwu aikin yi. Bugu da kari, akwai Shirokouniversalny da ciwon a cikin tsarin da biyu da dogara sanda da kuma damar domin kowane irin milling.

CNC milling inji suna bambanta da software da kuma kwamfuta iko. Suna yi nufi ga m lura da guraben, ciki har da a 3D-format.

rarrabuwa na Mills

Mills - a na'urar ga sabon. Basic jiki halaye da su wadda aka auna tsawo, da diamita, size da kuma chamfer zatylovaniya, circumferential mataki. Akwai wata babbar dama su, suna rarraba bisa ga daban-daban sharudda:

• da irin saman cewa an sarrafa (ga itace, roba, karfe, nonferrous karafa, da dai sauransu).
• a cikin shugabanci na juyawa daga cikin motsi - da kuma pravorezhuschih ta Hagu.
• dangane da zane fasali - m, brazed, nadawa (da sa ruwan wukake) welded.
• siffar: conical, cylindrical, faifai;
• dangane da aiki yanayi da kuma bukatun da sabon rabo, mai yiwuwa a yi ta da daban-daban kayan. Wadannan sun hada da: carbon kayan aiki da kuma babban gudun karfe (Alloy da high abinda ke ciki na tungsten) carbide (m - roughing, abrasion - karewa). Rarraba embodiments, a lokacin da mahalli da aka sanya na carbon karfe ko high gudun karfe, da wukake - carbide Saka.
• dangane da aikace-aikace: cylindrical, karshen, karshen, slitting, yankan da kuma siffa.

A mafi m siffofin: littattafai na kan gaba da kuma manufa.

Iri Mills for lebur saman

Domin cire yadudduka abu a kan wani a kwance, a tsaye ko karkata jirage ne used cylindrical da kuma karshen Mills.

A kayan aiki na farko irin na iya zama na game da harsashi ko wukake. Manyan daya-yanki milling nozzles aka tsara don roughing da kuma kananan - domin kammala. Toshe-a nadawa wukake da yankan kai suka iya, Ya sanya daga high gudun karfe ko sanye take da faranti na tukuru karfe. Carbide masu saro da mafi yawan aiki fiye da wadanda aka yi da alloyed karfe gami.

Gabansa ake amfani da su elongate jirage, ta hakora an rarraba ne a karshen fuska. Manyan nadawa amfani ga manyan jirage. Af, to cire kwakwalwan kwamfuta daga wuya zuwa aiwatar da tsaurin karafa dole gaban carbide wukake. Don amfani da wadannan kungiyoyin milling kayan aikin bukatar babban nisa da tsawon na samfur.

Irin kayayyakin aiki, don ma'adanin na milling

Domin ba abu mai wasu profile, da aikace-aikace juna samuwar wajen kunkuntar rami ake amfani da karshen Disc milling nozzles.

Terminal ko milling grooving yaduwar ga yankan GROOVES, kunkuntar kuma mai lankwasa jirage. Dukan su - daya-yanki ko welded, yankan rabo daga high gudun karfe gami, na iya zama tverdosplav aka Fused, da kuma jiki da aka yi da carbon karfe. Akwai malozahodnye (1-3 karkace), kuma mahara (4 ko fiye). Amfani ga CNC inji kayayyakin aiki.

Disk - shi ne ma grooving cutters. Shi ne m ga grooving, GROOVES, yankan hakora a kan giya.

Art milling ne da za'ayi a kan itace, karfe, PVC.

Nau'in na masu saro ga edging

Ana cire swarf daga sasanninta, ba su da wani m tsari, yin tallan kayan kawa, rabuwa a kan workpiece sassa za a iya aiwatar da yin amfani da wani slotted, mai kusurwa da kuma siffa milling nozzles:

1. Yanke Slotted kuma yana da guda aiki a matsayin cewa daga cikin faifai, amma an fi sau da yawa amfani cuts da kuma raba ba dole ba rabo daga cikin abu.
2. Angle ake bukata domin gefuna da kuma kusurwa sassa. Akwai guda-kwana (daya kawai yankan rabon) da kuma dvuhuglovye (yankan ne duka conical saman).
3. Dimbin yawa amfani ga hadaddun kayayyaki. Yana iya zama semicircular ko concave. Sau da yawa amfani da yankan da profile na taps, reamers, karkatarwa drills.

Kusan duk iri yiwu duka karfe yi ko foldable, da gaban Saka carbide wukake. Carbide masu saro da mafi girma quality, da tsai da ta tsawon ga kayan aiki a matsayin dukan.

A rarrabuwa na daban na milling

Akwai da dama sukayi fassara, wanda raba da irin milling:

• Dogara sanda tsari bisa ga wata Hanyar da milling, bi da bi, da kwance, kuma a tsaye.
• shugabanci na tafiya, a kan counter da kuma lokaci guda.
• dangane da kayan aiki ga Silinda, inji, mold, m.

A cylindrical aiki zartar kwance jirage ta wajen Game masu saro a kwance inji.

Face milling za a iya daukan duniya. Shi ne zartar da dukan iri a kwance, a tsaye da kuma karkata jirage.

A karshen karewa tabbatar da samuwar martabar da ake so na cam tsagi, drills da na'urorin.

Dimbin yawa aiki aka yi domin saman na hadaddun sanyi: sasanninta, gefuna, GROOVES, yankan hakora ga giya.

Ko da kuwa da irin aikin da za'ayi da kuma sarrafa kayan, sakamakon dole ne na high smoothness na karewa Layer, babu chipping, daidaici karewa. Domin samun mai tsabta surface gama da muhimmanci don sarrafa da wadata da adadin da workpiece dangi da kayan aiki.

Counter kuma hau milling

Lokacin da wani counter karfe kamar milling - da blank an ciyar da zuwa ga bututun ƙarfe rotational ƙungiyoyi. A wannan yanayin, da hakora hankali a yanka da karfe da za a bi, da kaya da aka ƙara a kai tsaye gwargwado, kuma gaba ɗaya. Duk da haka, kafin ka kũtsa a cikin wani ɓangare na hakori, don wani lokaci ya nunin faifai, forming hardening. Wannan sabon abu accelerates da milling fita daga aiki jihar. Amfani ga roughing.

Lokacin da hade da irin - workpiece an ciyar da tare da kayan aiki rotational ƙungiyoyi. A hakora aiki a karkashin manyan buga lodi. Ikon a 10% m fiye a gaban milling. Yana da za'ayi a lokacin da kammala cikakken bayani.

Babban manufar milling aiki a kan CNC inji

Suna halin a babban mataki na aiki da kai, daidaici aiki tsari, high yawan aiki. Milling da NC lathe ne da za'ayi sau da yawa ta wajen karshen ko karshen Mills.

Last - mafi yadu amfani. Saboda haka, dangane da sarrafa kayan, forming daidai da irin kwakwalwan kwamfuta kayyade software sigogi yana amfani da daban-daban endmills. Suna classified bisa ga yawan shigarwar spirals wanda tabbatar da samuwar sabon abu da kuma kanavny guntu kau.

Materials da fadi da kwakwalwan kwamfuta bu mai kyau milled tare da kayayyakin aiki na kananan yawan shigarwar. Domin m karfe shavings da halayyar Kink milling kayan aiki dole ne a zabi daga manyan yawan spirals.

A amfani da milling masu saro ga CNC inji

Malozahodnye masu saro ga CNC iya samun daga daya zuwa uku yankan gefuna. Suna amfani da itace, robobi, composites da kuma taushi ductile karfe cewa bukatar m kau na fadi kwakwalwan kwamfuta. Suna amfani ga roughing guraben da kalmomin, wanda ba su sa high bukatar. Domin da wannan kayan aiki haraktrena kananan iya aiki, low stiffness.

Amfani da art-filar kwashe alumina milling.

Yadu amfani ne di- da trehzahodnye m. Su samar da wata babbar stiffness dabi'u, da ingantaccen kau na kwakwalwan kwamfuta damar yin aiki tare da karafa na matsakaici taurin (msl, tare da karfe).

Mahara-cutters for CNC ne fiye da 4 yankan gefuna. Amfani for karfe matsakaici da kuma high taurin, wanda aka halin lafiya shavings kuma high juriya. Su dora babba yi, suna dacewa ga kammala da kuma Semi-karewa da kuma ba su tsara don aiki tare da m kayan.

Domin zabi daidai kayayyakin aiki, don CNC inji shi ne muhimmanci a yi la'akari da yankan yanayin for milling, kazalika da dukan halaye na workpiece.

yankan Yanayi

Don tabbatar da dama ingancin milled Layer ne mai muhimmanci ya kamata ayyana da kuma kula da ake bukata fasaha sigogi. Babban Manuniya, ya bayyana da kuma shirya milling tsari, suna halaye na aiki.

Lissafi na yankan da yanayi a lokacin da milling ne da za'ayi tare da babban abubuwa:

1. Zurfin (t, mm) - kauri daga cikin ƙarfe ball cewa an cire a daya bugun jini. An zabi shan la'akari izni ga aiki. M aiki yi a daya izinin. Idan izni ne mafi girma daga 5 mm, da milling ne da za'ayi a mahara kafa, a cikinsa na karshe bar game 1 mm.
2. Da nisa (B, mm) - da nisa daga cikin magani surface a wani shugabanci perpendicular zuwa ciyar motsi.
3. Ƙaddamarwa (S) - da tsawon da workpiece dangi da kayan aiki axis.

Gane da dama m Concepts:

• Hay da hakori (S _z, mm / hakori) - repositioning sassa lokacin da juyawa abun yanka a nesa daga daya hakori na gaba aiki.
• Hay da juyin juya halin (S _game, mm / Rev) - tsarin motsi a daya cikakken juyin juya halin na milling bututun ƙarfe.
• Hay da minti (S _min, mm / min) - muhimmanci a lokacin milling sabon yanayin.

Da dangantaka da aka kafa matematematicheski:

S = S _{min na * n = S z * z *} n,

inda z - yawan hakora.

n - da dogara sanda juyawa mita, min ^-1.

A feed kudi kuma ya rinjayi jiki da kuma fasaha Properties na bi da yankin, da kayan aiki da kuma karfin yi na Feeder.

Lissafi na sabon gudun

Kamar yadda maras muhimmanci siga lasafta shan digiri dogara sanda m yawa. Actual gudun V, m / min dangane da diamita daga cikin abun yanka da kuma mita na ta juyawa ƙungiyoyi:

V = (π * D * n) / 1000

milling kayan aiki rotational gudun aka ƙaddara by:

n = (1000 * V) / (π * D)

Samun bayanai a kan minti feed, za ka iya gane lokacin da ake bukata domin shiri na c tsawon L:

T ₀ = L / S _min

Lissafi na yankan da yanayi a lokacin milling da su shigarwa ainihin jiki inji kafin gyara. Tabbatar m ayyana sigogi, shan la'akari da halaye na kayan aiki da kuma workpiece abu, samar da high yawan aiki.

Tips for kayyade halaye

Ba shi yiwuwa a zabi manufa yankan yanayi na milling, amma shi za a iya shiryar da ka'idodi:

1. Desirably, da abun yanka diamita yayi dace da zurfin aiki. Wannan zai samar da guda izinin tsarkakewa surface. Ga babban factor - littattafai. Ga ma taushi, wannan manufa ba ya aiki - akwai hadarin na yanke, thicker fiye da zama dole.
2. Shock da kuma vibration matakai ne makawa. A wannan batun, kara feed kudi dabi'u take kaiwa zuwa rage. Optimally fara da abinci da hakori na 0,15 mm / hakori, kuma a cikin tsari - don tsara.
3. A mita na juyawa daga cikin kayan aiki kada ta kasance yiwu. In ba haka ba akwai wani hadarin rage sabon gudun. Yana iya kara da karuwa daga cikin abun yanka diamita.
4. Kara tsawon na aiki ɓangare na milling abun yanka, da fifita manyan yawan hakora an rage yawan aiki da kuma aiki iri.
5. M dabi'u na velocities for daban-daban kayan:

• aluminum - 200-400 m / min.
• Bronze - 90-150 m / min.
• Bakin karfe - 50-100 m / min.
• Robobi - 100-200 m / min.

Shi ne mafi alhẽri a fara da wani talakawan gudun, da kuma a kan aiwatar da su daidaita shi zuwa wani karami ko ya fi girma gefe.

yankan yanayin a lokacin da bayar da kwatance ne da muhimmanci a ƙayyade ba kawai ta hanyan ilmin lissafi ko ta yin amfani da musamman Tables. Don yadda ya kamata zaži kuma shigar da mafi kyau duka saituna ga na'ura da ake bukata kayan aikin dole ta yi aiki da wasu fasaloli, kuma sirri abubuwan.