Tarihin halittar GAS-34

Jim kadan kafin fashewa yaki tare da Nazi Jamus a cikin Gorky Automobile Shuka fara ci gaban zamani motocin. Shugaban hukumar zane-zane a wannan lokacin shine kullun avtokonstruktor VA Grachev.

Prototype na GAZ-34

Duk samfurori da aka samo asali na inji sun kasance salo na gidaje da ƙananan ƙasashen waje, wanda a wancan lokacin an dauki su a matsayin ci gaba. Duk da haka, duk da haka, wasan kwaikwayo na motoci sun bar yawancin da ake bukata. Kuma idan a cikin filin motoci masu haske, wanda ke da matuka biyu da tararan motar, wasu nasarori sune: a cikin shekaru bayan shekaru masu zuwa na GTG-63, aka kirkira musamman don bukatun sojojin, an samar da shi - sannan tare da ci gaba da ƙwayar mahimmanci, ƙirar kasuwanci ta ci gaba da rashin talauci.

A ƙarshen 1939 wani samfurin rundunar motoci na GIZ-33, wanda ke da wata hanya mai suna 6x6, ta fito daga cikin layi. Amma wannan samfurin ya zama matukar nauyi kuma an gano shi mara dace don yin aiki a kan hanya da kuma yanayin dusar ƙanƙara. An yi aiki a kan motar, kuma tare da su siffofin biyu na GZ-32 da GAZ-34 aka rufe.

Tarurrukan

Wani ƙoƙari na samar da motar hawa uku da aka yi a tsakiyar 1940. Samfurin yana da alamar wannan - GAZ-33, amma a ciki don kawar da ƙarancin rashin daidaito na mota, ikon injiniya da kuma iyaka bazai yiwu ba. An gabatar da shi don gyarawa zuwa Moscow. Cibiyar Moscow da aka kira bayan Stalin a wannan lokacin yana bunkasa motar sojojinsa a kan tsarin Lend-Lizovsky na ZIS-151.

Kuma bayan shekaru ashirin da suka gabata, a lokacin da aka gina sabon motoci mai suna GAZ-66, an sake yin aiki akan matakan motoci guda uku GAZ-34. Ƙarin ƙarin motsa jiki don sake cigaba da ci gaba shi ne sabon motar ZIL-131 wanda aka kaddamar da shi, wanda aka samo ta daga masu fafatawa daga Muscovites. Ya kasance a gare shi cewa Gorkyites so su hamayya da su model na motar soja.

Na farko "matakai"

Halitta wani sabon satajin soja GAZ-34, yana iya ɗaukar kayayyaki da yawa har zuwa uku, ya fara a shekarar 1964. Tun daga ranar 1 ga watan Yuli na wannan shekara, aka samar da kayan aiki na GaZ-66, wani jirgi guda biyu ba tare da horar ba, an kafa shi a ofishin mota. Gaz-34 yayi kama da kamannin ɗan'uwansa. Bambanci ya kasance cikin cikakkiyar tsawon lokaci da kuma kasancewa na matsayi na uku.

A daidai wannan lokacin, a 1964, samfurin samfurin farko ya fito, sannan kuma wasu motoci biyu, amma masu aiki - kwarewa. An sanye su da katako daga 66th, wanda za'a iya sake dawowa don samun damar yin amfani da injin. Kuma ƙananan raƙuman jiragen saman iska sun kara ƙarin - a kwance, mafi guntu. Babu irin wannan fassarar a kan sassan caca na 66th.

Bayan sun wuce gwaje-gwajen masana'antu, an kaddamar da motoci guda biyu a cikin motar mota, na farko a 25, sannan kuma a kilomita 50,000.

Sauran motoci na GZ-34 guda uku tare da wasu gyare-gyare sun bar layi a 1967. Kuma a ƙarshen Disamba 1968 akwai gwaje-gwaje na ciki da na soja.

Wasu raka'a da kungiyoyi, da kuma kundin jirgin sama da jiki 34-na masu zane-zane, an haɗa su tare da tsarin samfurin GAZ-66A da aka samu tare da nasara. An kuma samar da Z4-ka tare da tsarin da ke sarrafa nauyin taya, wanda aka sanya ta baya tare da nasara a kan GAZ-66-02, wadda aka shuka ta hanyar shuka tun 1968.

Ayyukan GAZ-34 sun kasance na musamman don kiran shi, yayin da yake wakiltar alamun na motoci daban-daban, kuma ba wai kawai aka samar a gorky shuka ba.

Hoto hudu a daya

Gaz-34 ba ta bambanta ba ne, kamar yadda motoci 4 suka shiga cikin motar motar. Saboda haka, daga samarwa model, da Gaz-66 , ya samu:

• Kwayar fata 115-mai karfi takwas-valve engine;
• gadoji kai ga babban giya na hypoid irin;
• Daban-daban;
• Hanyar hanya guda daya tare da mota guda goma sha takwas;
• Drum bugun tsarin;
• Power steering;
• Ɗauki biyu;
• Tankuna biyu na man fetur da nauyin lita 210 kowanne;
• Winch.

Dangane da karuwa a cikin sassan da ake bukata a cikin karfin, kamar yadda yawancin motar ta motsa jiki, zane na 34-ki ya hada da manyan abubuwan da aka gyara da kuma rarraba kayan aiki daga motocin da kamfanin Mosin ya samar. Wannan shi ne tilasta ma'auni, tun da yake sun sami damar yin wannan nauyin a wancan lokacin.

ZiL-130 "aka gabatar" 34-ke kama, wanda yana da nau'i daya-disk.

Daga motar ZIL-131 ya samu:

• A gearbox tare da matakai biyar, hudu daga cikinsu (sai dai na farko) an haɗa su tare da aiki tare;
• canja wurin hali da matakai biyu da kuma yiwuwar deactivating gaban aksali.
• Cardan shafts.

Daga ZIL-157 GAZ-34 aro:

• Kayan kwaskwarima na raƙuman raya da aka kafa a kan daidaitaccen fitarwa tare da shinge na katako guda biyar da goyon bayan matsakaici;
• kaya PTO.

Amma GAZ-34 na da halaye na fasaha wanda ya bambanta shi daga wasu motoci.

Abubuwan fasali

Tunda dukkan motoci guda biyar da Gorky Automobile Plant suka samar tare da hannu, kowannensu yana da nasaccen nau'ikan, wanda aka nuna ta hanyar ma'auni.

Tsakanin iyakoki na gadoji (gaban da tsakiya) nesa ya kasance cikin 2 mm kuma daga 3 453 zuwa 3 455 mm. A cikin motar baya, an kuma gina magungunan tare da zangon 5 mm kuma ya kasance 1 245 - 1 250 mm. Differences a tsawon tare da girma kasance a cikin range of 6 425-6 435 mm. Girman waƙa na ƙafafun gaba yana daga 1,810 mm zuwa 1,815 mm. Koma - 1,750 - 1,755 mm. Haɗin kan karkashin gadoji ya kasance daga 306 zuwa 312 mm. Kwancen motoci da yawa sun bambanta daga 8,260 zuwa 8,820 kg (tare da nauyin kilo 5 kilo 150). Duk waɗannan ma'auni an haɗa su cikin rahoton ma'aikata kan sakamakon gwajin.

Bugu da ƙari, GaZ-34 yana da ƙaramin ƙarfe tare da ƙarfafawa, da maɗaukakiyar asali na asali tare da ƙullon ƙafa. Yayinda dandamali yana da daidai da nisa tare da GZ-66 (2050 mm), tsawonsa na ciki ya fi ta 800 mm kuma yana da dutsen 4,100 mm.

A kan dandamali an shigar da benaye na nuni - 2-3. An wanke rumfar da kayan dubawa, tare da bannai don samun iska.

Idan aka kwatanta da ZiL-131, babban mawakansa, 34-ka ya zama haske da karamin. Duk da haka, ZiL ya kasance mafi iko fiye da GAZ.

Ƙarshen Gaz-34

Kodayake gaskiyar cewa motar ta rasa wutar lantarki ga ZIL-131, an bayar da shawarar don yin garkuwa da sojojin. An gudanar da gwaje-gwaje, wanda GAS ya kawo ma'aikatan (mutane 27 a lokaci guda), ya kwashe kayan aiki da nauyin har zuwa 2.5 tonni har ma da dauke da jirgin sama na An-24, ya yarda hukumar ta gwada yadda ya dace.

Duk da haka, sojojin Soviet ba su ga wannan motar ba, saboda yakin Moscow a 1967 ya fara aikin samar da kayan aiki na ZiL-131. Wanne a kama da sigogi ba kawai ya fi iko fiye da 34 ba, amma kuma ya fi dogara. Sabili da haka, farkon hanyar rayuwa na ZiL-131 ya sanya giciye na ƙarshe a kan GAZ-34.