"Novik" - a hallakar da 'Rasha jiragen ruwa

A farkon karni na XX aka alama da saurin ci gaban da Rasha Empire a dukan nau'i na tsaro masana'antu. Ba mu kiyaye taki tare da general Trend da Shipbuilding.

Ya zama "Novik" Daya daga cikin mafi ƙwarai jiragen ruwa na Rasha Navy. Mai hallakarwa ya fice seaworthiness da maneuverability, wanda damar yin amfani da jirgin ruwa na iri-iri ayyuka.

abubuwan da ake bukata

The yaki da Japan saukar da wani rauni da shigewa na Rasha jiragen ruwa. Tun da kudi a cikin taskar zamanintar da warships ba, sojojin ruwa ta sanar da tarin kudi domin gina da son rai gudummuwar sabbin jiragen ruwa. Wadannan kudi shirya ya gina dama jiragen ruwa na daban-daban azuzuwan. Daga cikin su - da hallaka, dreadnoughts kuma hallaka.

ayyukan

A injiniyoyi na sabon fasaha kalubale ga halittar jirgin da aka tsĩrar. Hallaka type "Novik" ya sadu da bukatun na zamani sau: suna da zama azumi, da kyau-da makamai da kuma duniya. Fasaha halaye na samfur ya zama kamar haka:

• gudun - to kai 36 raka'a;
• kudi a cika load - game da 33 kullin.
• ikon naúrar ikon shuke-shuke - turbines Parsons.

Ayyukan da aka dage zuwa injiniyoyi na lokaci. Saboda haka, sha'awar jam'iyyun sun sanar da wani kasa da kasa gasar ga zane na jirgin type "Novik". wani sabon ƙarni na cikin gida shipbuilders sha'awar a cikin hallakarwa.

Hukumar ya gabatar zane Creighton masana'antar ƙera jiragen ruwa da kuma Nevsky, Putilov da Admiralty masana'antu. Bayan da karshe taron na aikin gane da lashe na Putilov shuka, a kan abin da aka gina a nan gaba, "Novik". Mai hallakarwa da aka ɓullo da wata tawagar injiniyoyi jagorancin DD Dubitsky, wanda jagoranci da inji ɓangare na jirgin, kuma BO Vasilevsky a lura Shipbuilding.

yi

Kuma a cikin 1907, kotun na "Novik" An riga an kunshe a cikin zane. Wani sabon nau'in hallakarwa aka aza a Putilov masana'antar ƙera jiragen ruwa a 1910. A aikin rayayye halarci Jamus kamfanin "aman wuta", wanda ya aikata zuwa tsara, sarrafa da kuma shigar da a kan jirgin ruwa mai m da kuma gwada da iko tukunyar jirgi-injin turbin kafuwa a cikin hallakarwa "Novik".

jirgin ruwa zane lafiya-saurare kamar yadda na ƙarshe na jirgin. A kan hanya na yi na hallaka kallo da tawagar NV Forester, wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin Laftanar Kanar a Corps sojan ruwan na gine-ginen, Captain Corps injiniyoyin da makanikai rundunar Kravchenko GK Babban injiniya na aikin da aka KA Tennyson.

Bayyanar da jirgin

A watan Oktoba 1913 a karon farko ya bar docks 'yan qasar girman kai na Rasha Navy - mai hallakarwa "Novik". Photo haɗuwa da St. Petersburg, yana tafiya a kan Neva embankment kuma sadu da wani kyau jirgin, sa'a, na tsira. Jaridu a lokacin ya nuna cewa, da yawa 'yan ƙasa sun zo sha'awan sabon hallakarwa. Bayan duk, wannan jirgin da aka gina bisa ga ka'ida da sabon fasaha. A jirgin ruwa da aka sanye take da wani babban yawan torpedo shambura, m-102-millimeter manyan bindigogi bene tare da na'urar domin shigarwa minefields zama Archpriest na Rasha torpedo da kuma manyan bindigogi warship duniya nufi. Bugu da kari, da "Novik", da hallakarwa aka sanye take da kan-jirgin tsarin na Salvo wuta - lokaci daya volley na takwas bindigogi yin shi kadai abin hawa a cikin aji.

Wani abu na musamman ingancin shi ne ya gudu - na dogon lokaci (har 1917) ya kasance ne kawai jirgin da zai iya ci gaba da kula da gudun kan 37 kullin.

A farko Duniya

Lokacin da Rasha Empire shiga yakin duniya na II, "Novik" da aka rubuta a cikin Cruisers na Baltic rundunar detachment. A farkon yakin da ya zo daga Satumba 1, 1914. The yãƙi abin hawa ne sau da yawa m gudanar da fama, dogaro da kansa karfin da rapidity. A lokacin rani na 1915 a gabar tekun Riga barke biyu Jamus hallaka, wanda aka umurci ganowa da kuma nutse da Rasha jirgin.

"Novik" The tawagar ya iya juya su kai farmaki biyu daga gare su, taya tsanani lalacewa artelleriyskim wuta. Kuma wadannan nasara soja exploits a cikin tarihinsa daga cikin jirgin suka yi yawa.

'yan shekarun nan

A lokacin juyin juya halin Oktoba, almara "Novik" da aka mothballed. Kawai bayan da yakin basasa a shekara ta 1925, ya yi mashi wani m gyara da kuma na zamani. A jirgin da aka sake masa suna. Yanzu almara hallakarwa aka mai suna daya daga cikin shugabannin da juyin juya halin - "Yakov Sverdlov."

A karshen shekara goma sha biyar, da jirgin da aka aiko zuwa ga Baltic jiragen ruwa da aka yi amfani dalilai na horo. A cikin watan Yuni 1941, a lokacin da tashin barke a fadin gabashin gaban, an yanke shawarar fitad da sojan ruwa jiragen ruwa. A tawagar da aka tracking da kuma "Novik". Mai hallakarwa, wanda don haka tsawo kare da sauran jiragen ruwa na minefields, ya buga a nawa. Kamar wancan ƙare hanyar Legends.