Mikal Kleofas Oginski: biography

Modern Rasha ba musamman fan of gargajiya music. Ba a ce cewa gargajiya music ne sosai rare daga Rasha masu sauraro. To maida yadu da aka sani, kuma ƙaunar da mutane na gargajiya music, isa yatsun wannan hannu.

Ba tare da wani shakka, wannan adadin ya hada da shahararrun "Polonaise Oginski" (na biyu sunan - "Farewell da Fatherland"), ta dauki nauyin da Mikal Kleofas Oginski (photos a cikin labarin ne reproductions na hotuna na mawaki).

Man da kuma Polonaise

Makaranta music shakka a cikin Soviet sa'an nan Rasha a makarantu bayar da bayanai game da abin da ya shahara m fitacciyar aka rubuta ta hanyar Mihailom Kleofasom Oginskim a lokacin da yake ban kwana da ƙaunataccen mahaifarsa. An sani cewa da ya tilasta wa barin Poland bayan da m T. Kosciuszko tawaye, a cikin abin da mawaki ya, aka halaka. Bright, arziki rayuwar ban mamaki events Mikal Kleofas Oginski. Ban sha'awa facts ya biography, an sa su a cikin wannan labarin.

Rayuwa ne kamar wani labari

Biography Mihaila Kleofasa Oginski ne cike da UPS da kuma hambarar da, high hazaka, iyo m ruhu da kuma dacin shan kashi. An sani ga m tarihi gaskiya: duk da anti-Russian yunkuri na shugabanci a cikin abin da Mihail Kleofas Oginsky dauki wani aiki sashi, Russia sun yaushe empathized da kuma tausaya wa masĩfa, wanda wahayi zuwa gare shi aiki.

Amma hannu a cikin yunkuri fatattakakkun da haihuwa na wani m fitacciyar - daya kawai episode na m rai na wannan ban mamaki mutum. A rayuwa hanya Mihaila Kleofasa Oginski yayi kama da m kasada labari. An hankali lauye music, siyasa da kuma soyayya.

Mikal Kleofas Oginski: a takaice biography. asalin

A nan gaba mawaki da aka haife kan 09/25/1765 th kusa Warsaw, a cikin Estate Guzov Mazowieckie voivodship. By asalin Ahinskis shugabanninmu suka ba Dogayen sanda. Kakanninsu Yammacin masana tarihi kira Ruthenians (Belarusians, wanda ya dauki Katolika). Saboda haka, da masu bincike yi imani da shi zai zama ya dace don suna marubucin daga cikin shahararrun polonaise ba hurta, "Michael" da "Michael." Pronunciation mawaki sunayen wasu masana kimiyya ma yi imani da ba daidai ba: shi sauti kamar Polish version of "Oginsky" a Rasha a matsayin wata ragi zaɓi a tsakiyar wata kalma da ya bace.

Shugabannin Ahinskis sun natsu da cewa farkon su jinsi ke mayar da iyali na Rurik. A gida, suka kama su Game da high haihuwa matsayi. Mikal Kleofas Oginski gaskiya girman kai na kakanninsu: su ne duk a cikin Grand Duchy na Lithuania, wanda wani bangare ne na Rzeczpospolita a manyan mukamai. Mahaifin kakansa wani kwamandan a Vitebsk, kuma kakansa da mahaifinsa gangarawa cikin Trakai Voivodeship. Uncle na gaba mawaki shi ne shugaban a Vilna da Great Hetman na Lithuania.

samuwar

Kowane mutum, a Michael ta iyali da aka gamsu da cewa yaron, kamar manyan magabata, tattalin wata nasara harkar siyasa. Daga farkon shekarun iyaye suna purposefully horar da kawo up ɗa, ganin shi a matsayin nan gaba kwamandan ko wani dattaku. tsohon malami na Austria Sarkin sarakuna aka kira su zuwa ga iyali, daya daga cikin mafi kyau malamai a Turai.

Wa anda suke so su fahimci yadda tsanani shi ne shiri na kananan Oginski, ya kamata ka san cewa daga shekara bakwai da horo dade na 16 hours. da rana. Iyaye samu lokaci domin ku koyar da ɗansa music, kuma mu bi wannan ƙwarai da gaske. Boy shuka ba kawai kayan yau da kullum na wasan zuwa iri-iri na kida, amma kuma sanar music ka'idar. Abin mamaki, malamin Mihaila Oginskogo, mabiyin Polish Bakan'ane, shi ne mawaki O. Kozlovsky, wanda daga baya ya rubuta music for farko yabon Allah, suna yabon Rasha Empire, "Thunder nasara, resound! '.

m Ministan

A shekaru 19, M. Oginski zama mataimakin zuwa Yaren mutanen Poland Sejm, sa'an nan ya aka aiko a matsayin jakada na Yaren mutanen Poland-Lithuanian Commonwealth a cikin Netherlands da kuma United Kingdom. A ashirin da takwas Oginski ya yi aiki a matsayin Ministan kudi na Grand Duchy na Lithuania.

A m harkar siyasa ta ɓaci da ciki jayayya a cikin ƙasar, kazalika da cewa wasu yankunan na Commonwealth ya tarihi koma wani karin nasara da kuma iko da makwabta - Rasha, Austria da kuma Prussia. Sun yan siyasa da su yi zabi: ya shiga waɗanda suka ba ya so ya sanya sama da shimfidu, da kuma ya zama daya daga cikin mahalarta a cikin anti-Russian tawaye Tadeusha Kostyushko. A hannu na matasa minista, a cikin wannan fitina ba m: zuba jari nasu kudi, Oginski halittawa ne, kuma tara makamai naúrar a mutane 2,000, da kuma ba tare da nasara, unrolls a yaƙin gwagwarmaya da Rasha ..

Kosciuszko tawaye aka sa saukar da sojojin na Rasha Empire, Austria da kuma Prussia. Kosciuszko kansa kama da Mikal Oginski aka tilasta musu gudu.

Mikal Kleofas Oginski: Polonaise

Sai a wannan lokaci da kuma sanannun yanki na music da aka rubuta. Oginski baya nasarar hadawa harkar siyasa da kuma m kerawa. By lokacin ya asusun ya riga babba jerin guda na music, amma babu wani daga cikinsu kasa maimaita nasarar da almara polonaise.

bala'i

Kosciuszko tawaye juya a cikin wani bala'i ga Poland. A sakamakon haka, na gaba yankin rabo na kasar bace daga taswirar duniya, Oginski ma rasa dukan kadarori. Duk da kudi da kuma kayan ado ko biyu sun sun ciyar a kan kungiyar na da tawaye, harsasai biyan bashin, makamai da kuma abinci ga 'yan tawaye. A sakamakon haka, Oginski aka bar ba tare da wani arziki ya.

jirgin

A wannan lokaci, zaman rayuwar Mihail Kleofasa Oginski kuma a kan gab da hallaka. Matarsa Isabella Michael bai raba mijinta sentiments passionary zarar bar shi, ya tafi ya zauna tare da dangi. Oginski ya kadai boye a Turai, canza wurin zama da kuma sunayen. An sani cewa akwai wata real farauta domin shi. Rasha hukuma Oginski gwaninta kamar yadda wani soja da kuma jami'an diplomasiya da aka nuna godiya, ya fuskanci wani kurkuku.

Shiri na wani sabon tawaye

Kasashen waje Oginski gana da Polish baƙi, kokarin gudanar da shawarwari da goyon bayan da juyin juya halin Musulunci Faransa gwamnati, da ake kira Turkish sultan sake fara yaki tare da Rasha. Amma duk da diplomasiyya kokarin kasa. Poland ta rabo ya ba ban sha'awa ga kasashen waje, to saki gagarumin wani sabon yaki da Rasha sun yarda ba. Mikal Oginski da aka musamman tikis da ruɓushi.

Sarkin Netherlands, inda ya kasance wani jakadan, ya iya gudanar da shawarwari tare da Prussian monarch afuwa ga Oginski. A manufofin da aka yarda su zauna a cikin Prussia. Yana kwashi taro tare da matarsa, da 'ya'ya maza guda biyu - Tadeusz da Xavier. Amma a 1801-m da biyu karshe m up. Kila, Michael iya ka manta cewa matarsa bar shi a wani wuya lokacin. Watakila matarsa gane cewa mijinta ya canza ba, da kuma iya samun shiga a cikin wani sabon siyasa kasada da kuma ciyar da ita a kan duk iyali kudi sake.

hairpin lanƙwasa

A 1802-m sabon Rasha Sarkin sarakuna Alexander I aka ayyana wani afuwa ga dukkan mahalarta a cikin Kosciuszko tawayen. Oginski ba kawai an bã da hakkin ya dawo gida, sai ya samu mayar da duk suka mallaka.

Irin wannan alherin da aka sanya yiwu godiya ga tasiri a kan matasa Rasha Sarkin sarakuna iyakacin duniya Adam Czartoryski, ƙofar monarch Tawagar ta. Prince Oginski iya yanzu a ya shirya a cikin Zalessky Estate inda Estate da aka gina ta da shi da kuma kwantar da wurin shakatawa.

sake yin aure

A 37 - da shekaru Mikhail Oginski aure sake. Insha Prince zama gwauruwa daga marigayin aboki, Count Nagurskaya, 25-shekara Italian Maria Neri. Prince Oginski Malaman tarihi bayar da rahoton cewa halin da matarsa da gaske sha musantawa: ba shi yiwuwa wajen ƙidaya yawan adadin kwartayenta. A wannan aure da aka haife yara hudu - uku 'yan mata da kuma daya yaron, amma kawai game da daya daga cikin Oginski ta' ya'ya mata, Amelia, ya Sahaban ba da shakku game da amincin Prince of ubanci. Irin wannan mummunan suna matar yarima, duk da haka, bai hana su aure dade muddin shekaru 13.

Koma siyasa

A 1810 da nobility Grodno da Vilna larduna da Mikal Oginski aka aiko zuwa Rasha Tsar Alexander I matsayin mai bayar da shawara a kan yankin. A takarar da tsohon 'yan tawayen da aka goyan bayan Mihailom Kutuzovym. Saboda haka, Mikal Oginski koma siyasa, zama a Rasha Sanata da kuma shigar da lambar da mutane danƙa wa sarki. Prince fatan Alexander na gabatar da aikin na halittar Grand Duchy a cikin Rasha Empire, to kai a kalla cin gashin ga mahaifarsa. Amma Sarkin aikin da aka ƙi.

'yan shekarun nan

A 1817 Oginski san cewa ya gaji siyasa. Ya aka saki daga ofishin Sanata da kuma koma gida. Domin a yayin da, yarima zauna a Estate, sa'an nan a Warsaw da Vilna. Ba wani wulãkanci - a Rasha da shi ba abin zargi baya.

A 1823 Oginski, wanda kiwon lafiya ya rincabewa, ya koma Florence. Ga yarima ciyar da karshe shekaru. Siyasa da kuma mawaki ya rasu a Florence 15.10.1833 th. Bayan mutuwarsa, akwai jita-jita cewa Oginski zargin an kashe tare da takobi da wuka, a biya domin Kasadar da m matasa. Amma masana tarihi ya tabbatar da wadannan jita-jita, ba. Mikal Oginski aka binne shi a coci Santa Kroche (Florence), a cikin pantheon na shahararren mutane. Kusa da shi karya ragowar Galileo Galilei, Niccolò Machiavelli, Michelangelo Buonarroti da kuma George. Rossini.

A rubuta su m fitacciyar - a polonaise "Farewell zuwa Mahaifa, mahaifiyata" - ya ci gaba da fascinate zukatan masu sauraronsa.

fitarwa

Domin Russia, da Polonaise Oginski ne daya daga cikin rare sautuka. Kalamai game da music Mihaila Kleofasa Oginski shahararren Figures na kimiyya, fasaha da na siyasa za a iya takaitashi a matsayin da magana daga wasika daga cikin Rasha marubuci F. V. Bulgarina: "Wanda bai san Oginski polonaise?". A daya daga cikin haruffa daga cikin manyan Repin yana da irin wannan Lines game da mawaki: "Sunansa da aka sani a duk faɗin Rasha." Mafi muhimmanci, a cewar masana tarihi da kuma musicologists: polonaise rubuta Contra Oginski, shi ne music yi sulhu da cin nasara, kuma mãsu hasãra.

Great samfurin da marubucin ga dama ƙarni, biya da hankali ga artists, marubuta, 'yan fim. Da wani ɓaɓɓake daga m music sauti azaman sautunan ringi a cellphones amfani da alama fina-finan.

memoirs

An sani cewa da ya rubuta memoirs a Faransa Oginski. Translation biography Mihaila Kleofasa Oginski da Belarushiyanci harshen da aka kwashe Raevskaya tsohon malamin, makaranta lambu (Molodechnenschina) Olga Romanovich a shekarar 2011. Da farko jami'in diflomasiyyar memoirs kuma mawaki Mihaila Oginskogo a Belarushiyanci a cikin wannan shekara da aka buga a mujallar Arche. A cikin memoirs, rufe da lokacin 1788-1794 shekaru har da tashi daga Prince kasashen waje bayan da tarzomar da aka niƙa T. Kosciuszko.

La'akari da matsayin Ch. edita na A. Pashkevich, memoirs na fice al'adu da zamantakewa da siyasa adadi M. K. Oginskogo, da aka sani nisa waje Belarus, rubuta mai kyau da wallafe-wallafen style, ba tare da rashin ruwa, a akasin haka, halin da gaban da yawa tsohon rayuwa da cikakken bayani. Memories na babban countryman za su ban sha'awa ba kawai ga masana tarihi amma kuma zuwa a fadi masu sauraro, ya ce da Belarushiyanci m.