Basilica na Santa Croce, Florence: reviews da hotuna

Basilica na Santa Croce (Florence) - daya daga cikin manyan majami'u a birnin da kuma most Franciscan coci a duniya, gina a cikin marigayi 13th karni a cikin style of Florentine Gothic, shahara kamar yadda pantheon na Florence saboda manyan yawan makabarta a cikin abin da aka binne mutane da yawa shahararren Italiya.

Tarihi na ginin

A cewar labari, wanda ya kafa Santa Croce ne Frantsisk Assizsky (mutu a 1226), da majiɓinci, saint na Italiya, wanda ya ba up dũkiya, ba mutane da ra'ayin na tuba da zaman lafiya. Ko da yake ta yi aka fara a 1295 a kan site na karamin oratory gina ta Franciscans, kusa da Arno River. Sunan Santa Croce (Florence) - Church Mai Tsarki Cross a Italian. shi ya za'ayi da aikin na A. di Cambio, a gida sculptor kuma m. A yi shi ne a ranar kudi na arziki Florentine iyalansu, wanda ya dauke shi da wani daraja zuwa biyan kudin aikin gina mai tsarki, gidan Lãhira, kuma ya ci gaba har kusan 150 shekaru. Tsarkake da Basilica a 1443 da Paparoma Eugene 4th.

Bayyanar da coci canja sau da yawa a kan ƙarni. Wannan Gaskiya ne, na facade na Santa Croce (Florence): Photo na farkon karni na 19th. shi ya nuna gaba daya unadorned. A halin yanzu bayyanar da facade 3 portals, ado da farin marmara, aka sanya kawai a 1853-1863 gg. m N. Matas a cigaban Gothic style a kan kudi na Turanci Furotesta, musamman Birtaniya shuni FJ. Sloane. Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa a cikin kayan ado bayyana blue shida-ishãra Star Dawuda, wanda yake shi ne ba wata alama ce ta addinin kiristanci.

Florence Basilica na Santa Croce (photo da kuma bayanin)

Babban ɓangare na ginin gina a cikin wani nau'i na T-dimbin yawa giciye. A cikin shekaru karni shi hankali a kan dukkan bangarorin kara outbuildings (ɗakin sujada). Ƙananan tiers na Basilica da aka yi wa ado da kyau arcades, babba - Faransa windows. A gefen hagu na ginin wuce da portico na iska da haske arches.

Halakar faru a cikin 16th karni., A 1512 da haihuwa hasumiya da aka raba ta walƙiya, shi zai iya warke kawai ta 1847 da aikin J. Bakkani, kuma a yanzu shi ne babban kari ne a cikin babban gini.

Basil Santa Croce, Florence kuma ya hada 3 Convent, daya daga wanda aka tsara A.di Cambio. A wasu, located a kudancin ɓangare, tsara ta Brunelleschi kuma an dauki daya daga cikin mafi kyau gidajen lama na Florence. A karami 3rd Convent (13 a.) Rufe kungiyar m Tsarin Franciscan.

Front na coci na Santa Croce a cikin square da mutum-mutumi na Dante, halitta da sculptor E. Patsii a 1865. A baya can, ta kasance a cikin cibiyar, amma sai aka koma saboda abubuwan da suka faru a kusa da ginin.

A ciki na Santa Croce

A ciki na kunshi babban alfarma da sarari tsawon na 115 m, sanya yin amfani da musamman kayayyaki. Wannan shi ne musamman bayyanannu a cikin na'urar nave rabu biyu a kaikaice tsaye ginshiƙai 8 carbon sashe, wanda aka directed zuwa gaba daga nuna baka.

By lokacin wata shawarar ciki na Basilica wani m da kuma unconventional, kyale ware shi daga sauran addini gine-gine na birnin. Light ya wuce ta cikin ciki na mosaic taga sanya A.Gaddi.

A 16th karni. da coci da aka sake shirya, saboda abin da (a ƙarshe na masana) ya rasa kadan na da kyau. Overlapping sanya rafter type, kuma suna located a cikin bene tombstones, mamaye kusan dukan sarari na nave.

Bagade na coci da kuma frescoes

A frescoes cewa ƙawata ganuwar kusa da babban bagaden, sanya ta A. Gaddi (1387) bisa ga labari na True Cross. A gefen dama: Michael Shugaban Mala'iku reshe na itacen sanin canja wurin, da Sarauniyar Sheba da ta sujada ta tuƙẽwa da Cross, da kuma wasu a kan hagu - St. Helena kawo Mai Tsarki Cross a Urushalima, sa'an nan sarki ya tafi ya Percy, Byzantine sarki Hiraqla ya kõmo Cross a Urushalima, da sauransu ... d. fresco ma sun dauki wani jam'i na iyali, kuma aljanna al'amuran. Beautiful haihuwa akwai gilashi windows aka sanya a cikin 14th karni.

Bagaden polyptych, rubuta N. Gerini, dake nuna irin Madonna da kuma Child, da gefen bangarori da aka yi da sauran artists, a saman - "Crucifixion", fentin da Masters Giotto makaranta.

Lashe ta da bagaden ne daya daga cikin na musamman zane-zane na coci - "The Crucifixion", wanda aka halitta da master Cimabue. Wannan manyan zanen (4,5h3,9 m), sanya a kan giciye, an dauki mafi m version na gicciye. Duk da haka, a cikin wani ambaliya a 1966. A aikin da aka haka mugun lalace cewa ko da a yunkurin maido sun ba su iya mayar da ita gaba daya.

Chapel coci

Ciki da coci Santa Croce (Florence) located in transepts Chapel 16 (hours), wanda kowannensu yana da guda tsawo. Chapel ado da musamman frescoes kuma sculptures na daban-daban ƙarni, wanda aka yi cikin shahararrun artists na Italiya: Matteo Rosell, J zuwa San Giovanni, Daga Bartolomeo, J. Lee Bondone da kuma almajiransa ...

Mafi shahara daga cikinsu:

• Chapel Maggiore fresco "Legend of St. Cross" A.Gaddi yi (1380).
• Castellani ɗakin sujada tare da frescoes ta A. Gaddi da scenes daga rai na Saints (1385).
• Baronchelii Chapel tare da iyali kabarin da matalauta, fentin da T. Gaddi "Madonna", a kan sauran ganuwar - motifs daga rai na Virgin Mary.
• Rinuccini Chapel ne mayen Yahaya. Di Milano, depicting rai na Maryamu Magadaliya da Virgin Mary (1379).
• Peruzzi ɗakin sujada yana dauke da siffar da rai na Baptist J. da I. Bishara, fentin da Giotto.
• Capella Bardi - haskaka rai da Fr. Assisi (artist Giotto).
• Sauran Chapel (Medici Tosin, Pulci et al.) Har ila yau Stores m art.

Ciki da Basilica ne ayi sufi yadi, daga wanda kuma yana da damar yin amfani da ɗakin sujada. Saboda haka, Cappella dei Pazzi, da ake kira "mai gaskiya ne dutse mai daraja na Early Renaissance," ado da kyau ayyukan Brunelleschi (1443), ado da sanannen Italian Masters D. da Settignano, L. harkokin Robbia, J .. Da Maia. Kafin ɗakin sujada ne pronaos kunshi Corinthian ginshikan. A 1461, an rufe ta da kananan Dome.

Pantheon na Santa Croce

A cikin coci na Santa Croce (Florence) karya cikin shahararrun mutane a Italiya da kuma m 'yan ƙasa na Florence. Sashe na daga cikin kaburbura - gaskiya, a cikin abin da aka binne matattu celebrities, yayin da wasu da ake kira cenotaphs, - gravestones cewa ba dauke da mutum ya rage.

Santa Croce an dauke su da wuri na asali na Renaissance, kamar yadda Monument ƙunshi kabarin L. Bruni, da Italiyanci da manufofin, halitta a 1444 ta hanyar master
B. Rossellino. Wannan abin tunawa ya zama wani abin koyi ga nan gaba ayyuka na Renaissance, ciki har da dutsen kabari K. Marsuppini kusa da arewa bango na coci.

Mafi shahara kaburburan suna located tare dama nave kudu bango:

• Monument Michelangelo-fasa kafa Vazari master (1579), da kuma a jam'i na aikin guda kuma mutummutumai J. Battista kuma B. Ciol. Ko da yake Michelangelo mutu a Roma, amma gãdar don ya binne kansa a garinsu. A dauke da fitar da umarni, da kuma tare da izni na magajin gari na Florence, AL Buanarotti saci jiki na Michelangelo a Roma, kuma a asirce ya kawo shi a nan.

• Cenotaph Dante Aligeri da kuma mutum-mutumi na heroes of ayyukansa ya yi da sculptor Ricci (1829).
• Monument Machiavelli aiki Spinatsii (1787).
• Kabarin Galileo Galilei, wanda ya mutu a 1642, duk da haka, saboda da ban na coci da aka ba a binne bisa ga Hadisin Kirista har 1737 sa'an nan jikinsa da aka hawa da kuma sanya shi a cikin coci, da wani sassaka da kuma fasa da Galileo sanya Dzh.Battista Foggini.

• Headstone mawaki George. Rossini, wanda yaba Italiya ta opera "The Barber na Seville." 9 shekaru bayan mutuwar a 1868 a Paris, jikinsa da aka hawa zuwa Père Lachaise hurumi da kuma binne shi a Florence a nan.
• Kabarin tarihi da kuma jami'in diflomasiyyar N. Machiavelli.
• Kabarin Joseph Napoleon da kuma 'yarsa da sauransu.

A cikin duka, da coci binne kusan 300 mashawarta Italiya, kowane dutsen kabari da aka yi wa ado da sculptures da Bas-reliefs.

ban sha'awa facts

Daya daga cikin abubuwan jan hankali na coci - sanya Florentine Pio Fedi a 1883. mutum-mutumi na Poetry, sadaukar da memory na mawãƙi kuma marubucin wasannin kwaikwayo J. Battista Nikollini .. An shigar a kan kabarinsa na Basilica na St. Cross.

Wannan adadi ne mai kama da Statue of Liberty, aikin mai girma Faransa sculptor Fr. Bartholdi (1887). Ta yaya san Bartholdi a 1870 ya rayu a Florence da aka fili wahayi zuwa gare ta aikin na Italian sculptor.

Babban sha'awa tsakanin yawon bude ido ne cenotaph daga cikin shahararrun mawãƙi Dante (1265-1321), dake a cikin coci Santa Croce (Florence). A labarin na kabarin da mawãƙi, ya shahara akan "Divine Comedy", kuma Ya halitta na zamani da wallafe-wallafen Italian, tsawon dama shekara ɗari. Bayan mutuwar mawãƙi Florence fama da birnin Ravenna ga dama da su safarar kuma binne saura, duk da haka, ba zai iya cimma wannan. Haka ya faru a cikin 14th karni. laifi da shugabanni da kuma jama'a na Florence, wanda aka fitar da su daga birnin Dante for ƙyãmã jawabinsa da kuma 'yan adawa views. A marubuci koma Ravenna, inda ya rasu. Lokacin da Florence roƙe ba ta da toka da Dante, da Ravenna bai yarda, kuma tun sa'an nan a sarcophagus a Santa Croce tsaye komai.

Santa Croce: da wuri, sa'o'i na mutummutumi, farashin

Don samun sanannen Basilica, ku zo Piazza Santa Croce (Florence), a kan wanda shi ne shi daraja. Wannan yanki a cikin tsohon kwana ya da wuri domin bikin da kuma gasa, shi ya zama yanzu wuri don bukukuwa, wasanni da kuma kide. Yana kuma da za'ayi wani lokacin a gasar Florentine kwallon kafa, inda 'yan wasan da aka ado a zamanin d kayayyaki da kuma gasa a wani m tsohon dokoki.

A Santa Croce (Florence) sa'o'i na gidan kayan gargajiya-coci daga misalin karfe 9.30 zuwa 17,30 a kan weekdays da kuma nasarar, jama'a holidays - daga 14,00 to 17.00.

Farashinsa a cikin coci na tikitoci: 8 Yuro, rangwame tikiti na yara masu shekaru 11-17 shekaru, dalibai - 4 Tarayyar Turai, free m yara a karkashin shekaru 11 da haihuwa, mazauna Florence, naƙasasshe da kuma rakiyar.

reviews

Yawon bude ido da ziyartar kyau coci na Santa Croce (Florence), wani m, kuma majestic spectacle: kowane ɗakin sujada a cikin coci - mai raba gidan kayan gargajiya, gabatar da ayyuka na babban artists, kowane dutsen kabari - shi ne mai fitacciyar sculptural art. Tunani da kuma juyayinsu cewa an bayyana ta shahara marubuci Stendhal, wanda ya ziyarci Basilica: tashin hankali iyaka a kan girmamawa. Daidai wannan ra'ayi wannan monumental gini a cikin zamani mutane.