France, Toulouse: description, yawon bude ido da kuma sake dubawa

A kudu na Faransa ne mai zamani samun saurin bunkasuwar al'adu, kimiyya da masana'antu cibiyar na kasar - cikin birnin Toulouse.

Bayanin birnin

Toulouse yawan (ciki har da unguwannin bayan gari) ne 425 dubu mutane. Wannan nuna alama nuna wa birnin na huɗu wuri a cikin kasar bayan Paris, Lyon da kuma Marseille. Toulouse (France), located a kan bankunan na Garonne River. Daga Bahar Rum raba shi 150 kilomita, da kuma cikin tekun Atlantic daga - nisan kilomita 250.

A wannan yanki, sai dai da harshen Faransanci, Occitan yare ne na kowa. titi an rubuta sunayenku a cikin harsuna biyu. Yawon bude ido daga ko'ina cikin duniya a ko da yaushe janyo hankalin Faransa. Toulouse ne a cikin wannan ma'ana ne ba togiya. Dubban matafiya zo wannan birni a kowace shekara don ganin gida gani.

A duniya na wannan gari aka kira "m birni", da kuma duk saboda launi bulo, daga abin da gina kusan duk da gine-gine. Toulouse (France) yana da yawan manyan cibiyoyin ilmi - da uku jama'a jami'o'i, Polytechnic Institute, Higher School of Fine Arts. Yau, akwai masu ilimi fiye da 110.000 dalibai.

A wannan Faransa birni to nasarar aiki jirgin sama kamfanonin (Airbus da kuma "Ariane"), tasowa biochemical, Electronics da bayanai fasahar masana'antu. A farkon nineties karni na karshe a Toulouse bayyana jirgin karkashin kasa. Bugu da kari, 'yan ƙasa ne yin alfahari da birni filin wasan, wanda shi ne babban yanki na birnin kwallon kafa kulob din.

Toulouse (Faransa): jan hankali

Wannan birni riko da yawa Monuments na tarihi, al'adu da kuma gine. Dukan su ne na babban sha'awa na yawon bude ido, da kuma dole ne in ce, ba a banza. Tare da wasu daga cikinsu za mu gabatar a wannan labarin.

Church of Saint-Sernin

Akwai da yawa tsohon majami'u, wanda shi ne gaskiya alfahari da Faransa. Toulouse ya kiyaye ɗaya daga cikin tsofaffin Ibada na gari, wanda aka mallakar da Abbey na St. Saturninus. Da Basilica aka tsarkake a cikin girmamawa ga saint, wanda ya rayu a nan a cikin na uku karni. Ya na farko bishop na birnin. A saint aka canonized bayan ya ki su shiga a cikin hadayu, da kuma a sakamakon samu mai tsanani da kuma shahadar. Ya aka daura wa sa, wadda ta fitar da hanyar da titunan gari. Bishop aka binne shi mambobi ne na Kirista al'umma ga Toulouse katangu. Da yawa daga baya, a inda aka binne aka gina wani karamin ɗakin sujada. Kusa da kabari na farko haikali bayyana a farkon V karni.

Construction na Basilica dade a ko'ina cikin XI-XII ƙarni. dakin mahajjata da aka gina kusa da shi - a irin masauki. Domin wannan dalili, da ruwan hoda tubali, kuma domin da karewa daga cikin ginin amfani da wani farin dutse.

The m style na Basilica - romance, amma a cikin ciki za ka iya ganin abubuwa na Baroque da Gothic. A 1096, Paparoma Urban II tsarkake cikin coci, ko da yake har yanzu ba a kare ba. A farkon da XII karni fara bayyana da sauran gine-gine na Abbey, da kuma aikin a yamma reshe aka tsaya.

A XIII karni a cikin nau'i na cikin Haikali ya bayyana Gothic abubuwa, da kuma bayan maido da za'ayi a cikin XIX karni, ginin da aka haka ya mugunta canza, cewa a cikin gaba karni ya sake gina ta asali bayyanar.

Daga cikin babban fasali na wannan haikali sun hada da dutse sassaka ado na kudancin facade portals. Sassaka dutse scenes, wakiltar Littafi Mai Tsarki al'amuran, ado da ƙõfõfi Port Mezhevill. A arewacin babban coci kiyaye musamman murals cewa dangantaka da XII karni. Su hanyar mu'ujiza tsira a karkashin filastar a lokacin wani m sabuntawa, da za'ayi a cikin XIX karni.

Basilica kararrawa hasumiya yakan fiye da 110 mita, shi ne wani carillon, wanda aka lashe tare da 18 karrarawa.

ma'aikatar magajin gari

Sha'awa, da birni gwamnati gini a wannan birni ba kira magajin gari ta ofishin, kuma ba da ma'aikatar magajin gari da kuma Capitol. A ƙarshen XII karni a kan wannan wuri da aka gina fadar a wadda zauna mambobi na birnin majistare - babi, saboda haka, ginin ya zama sananne a matsayin Capitol.

Wannan monumental gini da aka located a kan babban square na gari, da ake kira da Place du Capitole. A gini a halin yanzu tsari da aka gina a cikin XVIII karni daga gargajiya zuwa birni ruwan hoda launi tubali.

A cikin facade na ginin (da tsawon 135 mita) is located takwas ginshikan - su dãce da adadin na birane Chapters. Su da isharori da aka shigar a kan fences gini balconies. Construction An jagorancin Giyom Kamm, kuma a cikin gaba karni aikinsa aka ci gaba da Eugene Viollet-le-Duc, wanda ya mayar da kusan gaba daya hallaka a cikin wuta gini, kuma suna goyon bayan shi da hasumiya-kurkuku, kuma mai kararrawa hasumiya.

France, Toulouse Dominican Church

A farkon karni XIII Dominic Guzman kafa zuhudu domin. Da farko coci da aka gina a Toulouse.

Yau da shi ba a aiki Haikali, amma shi ja hankalin mazauna da kuma baƙi m domin ta m gine. Yana runduna kide da al'adu events. Domin da yawa parishioners yana da muhimmanci sosai, cewa an binne na St. Foma Akvinsky - da na da ilimin tauhidi da kuma Dominican m.

Bugu da kari ga coci, a cikin hadaddun na sufi tsira da dama cloister da kuma gine-gine. Makõmarsu dake a cikin tarihi cibiyar na Toulouse, sosai a kusa da Capitol.

By da gine-gine da fasali na coci hada da "Jacobin itacen dabino" - da m ginshikan, da tsawo daga wanda ya wuce 20 mita. Su diverge upwardly daga ashirin da biyu hakarkarinsa, wanda ya samar da wani rufin tsarin. Colonnade na coci da aka dauke daya daga cikin mafi girma, yayin da tsawo daga cikin hudu-tiered octagonal kararrawa hasumiya ne kawai arba'in da biyar mita.

A ciki na coci, misali, a cikin ɗakin sujada na St Antonin, za ka iya sha'awan da murals, kuma taga-tashi ganin musamman akwai gilashi zamani aiki - an halitta a tsakiyar karni na karshe. A mafi fili dakin na coci za a iya daukan matsayin refectory, wanda aka yi amfani a matsayin nuni gallery yau.

"Space Town"

Domin da yawa yawon bude ido a yau, France ne mai tsananin kyau. Unguwannin bayan gari (Toulouse yana da kuri'a na jan hankali a waje da birnin iyaka) a hayin gabashin iyakar shahara theme shakatawa, da ake kira "Space Town". Yana da aka bude a 1997. A wurin shakatawa za ka iya daukar wani yawon shakatawa na wani cikakken sikelin model na "Ariane 5" roka, da tsawo - 55 mita, da tashar sararin samaniya "Mir" da kuma module "Union". Ban sha'awa show shirye-shirye da ake gudanar da kullum a cikin planetarium a wurin shakatawa. Ga za ka iya ziyarci yawa nune-nunen. Alal misali, mutane da yawa suna sha'awar a cikin dakin na'urar kwaikwayo, inda za ka iya kokarin don sarrafa kumbon sama jannati.

Museum Paul Dupuy

Lalle, mai girma yawan al'adu Monuments yana da Faransa. Toulouse ya bayar ta baƙi ziyara a wannan gidan kayan gargajiya. Yana Bears sunan da kafa - tara da majiɓinci, Paul Dupuis. Domin ya gidan kayan gargajiya, ya sayi wani gidan Besson, suka kasance cikin m na gari. Cibiyar Rawaki Hikmat samu ta farko baƙi a 1905.

Lãbãri daga cikin gidan kayan gargajiya - babban tarin ayyukan aiyuka art, a tarin graphics da kuma sauran kayayyakin gargajiya. A mafi tsufa, ta hanyar, da aka halitta a tsakiyar zamanai, da kuma mafi "matasa" ba asusu domin saye da shẽkara ɗari. Tarin farfado da aka kammala da farkon karni na ashirin da.

Quite babban ɓangare na gidan kayan gargajiya da aka kishin crafts da kuma tarihi na Languedoc. Nan za ka iya ganin mayar na da kantin ciki, wanda ya kasance daga cikin Jesuits (farkon XVII karni), kumar kasko, furniture, na kasa kayayyaki. The tarin hada da ayyukan art halitta ta gida ta karfe da kuma gilashin sana'a.

Ba a ma maganar da musamman tarin watches, wanda yana da fiye da 130 shirye-shirye, da kuma kayan ado shigo daga kasar Sin.

Kwaikwayo na tafiya

Yau, da yawa daga cikin compatriots saba Toulouse (France). Tarik, wanda sake bitar hagu matafiya, yin m ra'ayi. A cewar matafiya, yana da ban mamaki da ruwan hoda birni, a cikin abin da akwai wani abu a ga. Mutane da yawa yawon bude ido kamar yawon shakatawa jirgin kasa, wanda transports baƙi to tunawa wurare. A tsawon lokaci da wannan tafiya - 35 minutes, da kudin - 5 Yuro. A jirgin kasa da ke sa Tashoshi, kuma ba za ka iya zuwa duk wani wuri da ka so da kuma ci gaba da duba kanka.

Mutane da yawa sun nuna cewa, kafin tafiya bai san cewa Toulouse ne domin ta shahara violets da turare na furanni. Bugu da kari, za ka iya saya jam, kuma ko da Violet barasa. A kowace shekara a cikin watan Fabrairu, daukan wuri nan Festival of violets. Feedback daga yawon bude ido, yana da wani stunner.