Mene ne lantarki damar?

Sau da yawa a makaranta darussa kimiyyar lissafi malami bayanin batu wutar lantarki koma ga kwatanta lantarki yanzu a kan ruwa ya kwarara. A lokuta da dama, ko da yake ba ko da yaushe, ya rage wuya da fahimtar da matakai, irin wannan kwatanta shi ne quite m. A gaskiya ma, ko da kalmar "yanzu" da aka yi amfani da game da taya. Kuma abin da yake da damar? Wannan shi ne daya daga cikin halaye na magana, da ikon dauke da wani abu. Alal misali, kowa ya san cewa bankuna damar 3 lita. Babu shakka, da adadin tara ruwa ne kai tsaye dogara a kan tonnage da jirgin ruwa. Saboda haka, idan ka dauki biyu buckets, misali, 8 da kuma 12 lita, da tsawo ne daidai, da kawai bambanci a diamita. A ra'ayi na "lantarki damar" a cikin wannan mahallin ne sosai kama. Alal misali, daya daga cikin sigogi influencing da damar - shi ta size. Banana iya aiki (E.E.) - da ikon tara da kiyaye wani adadin wutar lantarki. Duk wani conductive abu yana da wani EE, wanda ya dogara a kan da dama sigogi. Jari na cajin zai yiwu a cikin akwati inda akwai wani yiwuwar ambaliya zuwa wani abu da ciwon mafi girma iya aiki.

A lantarki damar za a iya bayyana ta a dabara, wanda daukan la'akari da ikon tara cajin (m - v) da kuma adadin na cajin (q). Kaddamarda «c» cikin wasika:

c = q / v

Electric capacitance aka auna a farads. Duk da haka, tun da wannan awo ne manyan isa, a cikin zamani lantarki da micro-PF ƙara amfani. Manyan kwantena suna kawai amfani da takamaiman na'urorin da lissafin. Haka kuma, da prefix "micro kuma pico 'daidai suke da 1 * 10 -6 kuma -12 digiri. The matakai za a iya samun sauƙin aka bayyana ta a Kadaitaccen lantarki damar da shugaba.

Tunanin wani shugaba, wanda shi ne a ba conductive matsakaici halin yanzu, a cikin abin da ba na waje filin. Gama da shi zuwa ga ikon Madogararsa. Wasu daga cikin electrons shiga cikin tsarin da kayan, da samar da} arfin iya aiki, Ina nufin, wadannan zargin iya yi da aiki a karkashin wani yanayi (don ƙirƙirar wani madauki). Suna rarraba kan surface tare da wasu yawa wanda ya dogara a kan sarari sanyi da shugaba da kuma ta girma. Around kowane batu cajin akwai wani lantarki filin da ke shafar duk wasu rabo da shugaba. A m da irin wannan zama ruwan dare shugaba ne a cikin kai tsaye gwargwado ga cajin. A rabo na cajin (q) zuwa ga yuwuwar (Fi) dauke da shugaba consistently tun yana dogara ne kawai a kan size (size, siffar) da kuma coefficient na dielectric akai na matsakaici. A misali shi ne ba don kome ba cewa nuna wani Kadaitaccen Explorer. Idan akwai na gaba da shi na sauran jikinsu, da lantarki filin naúrar zargin za a jawo a cikin kewaye gawarwakin yuwuwar na daura ãyã, shafi na karshe darajar (wanda shi ne karami).

A sauki kashi amfani da kaddarorin tara lantarki - shi ne mai capacitor. Ya kunshi biyu conductors rabu da wani dielectric abu. Its alama ne da cewa generated lantarki filin da aka "dangantawa" tsakanin wayoyin (adawa rabo daga cikin conductors) da kuma kusan babu wani sakamako a kan kewaye jiki, sabili da haka, da m na waje aikin da aka ba kuka da kansa.

Kara damar a hanyoyi da dama:

• rage tazarar da ke tsakanin wayoyin. M raguwa ne ba zai yiwu ba, kamar yadda kuma zai iya zama ba conductive samfurin, sakamakon wani asarar cajin.
• zabi wani ba conductive abu da high juriya fashewa.
• kara da yankin na faranti. Domin ya kula da m girma na capacitor sau da yawa canza sarari tsari na faranti. Alal misali, biyu conductors aka juya zuwa cikin zobba rabu da wani insulator.