Kayan shayi da wasu sigogi. Types, halaye da masu samar da shayi

Tea yana daya daga cikin waɗannan samfurori masu amfani da suke a kowane gida. Yara da iyayensu da kakanninsu da kakanni suna son abin sha. A kasuwar zamani, wane irin shayi ba shi da samuwa. Akwai irin wannan iri, wanda mutane da yawa sun ji kawai a talabijin: suna da tsada, sabili da haka ba samuwa ga kowane mai saye ba. Amma akwai kuma kyauta mai araha. A cikin kalma, idanu na shafukan shayi na yanzu suna gudu. Amma don samun samfur mai inganci, dole ne a ɗauki sharuddan yawa. Akwai bambancin shayi na shayi, sabili da haka kana buƙatar fahimtar dan kadan yadda zaka iya sanin ingancin samfurin. Kuma, ba shakka, ya kamata a shiryu da bukatun su da dandano.

Don samun girbi

Kafin ka je wajen da rarrabuwa da kuma iri shayi, kana bukatar wani kadan saba da ta aiwatar da girma. Bayan haka, shayi shayi wani aiki mai ban sha'awa ne wanda ke daukar lokaci mai yawa da ƙoƙari. Don bunkasa kyakkyawan daji, kana buƙatar dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa, ko da yake ana amfani dashi guda daya ko shekaru biyu. Za'a iya ɗaukar girbin farko na leaflets bayan bayan hudu zuwa biyar bayan dasa. Tea bushes suna kullum pruned sabõda haka, ba su yi girma a tsawo, amma don girma mai yawa a kaikaice harbe.

Yawanci, da shayi plantation kunshi wani yawan shrubs, wanda isa Heights na daya da rabi mita. Gwargwadon wurare yana da nau'i ɗaya.

Tsarin tsari ta hanyar irin shayi

Kayan shayi da irin kayan shayi yana daya daga cikin sigogi na tsarin tsarin samfurin. Saboda haka, rarrabaccen bushe shayi ta hanyar irin ganye shine kamar haka:

• KO (Orange Pekoe) - zane na musamman, wanda shine babban digiri na inganci. Wannan samfurin ya cancanci sarakunan da kansu. A matsayinka na mai mulki, an yi shi ne daga matakan kananan yara biyu na shayi mai shayi. Irin wannan ganye har yanzu ana rufe shi da wani matashi. Irin wannan ganye na ganye ya kamata ya kasance mai tsage kuma ya juya. Yana nuna muhimmancin nauyin mai na mai da hankali. Idan ana buƙatar martabar samfur ɗin OP, wannan yana nufin cewa ƙarshe shayi zai kasance mai ƙarfi, tare da ƙanshi mai ban sha'awa.
• P (Pekoe) - shayi, don yin abin da yake daukar matasan, kawai zane-zane, ƙwallon ƙafa. Akwai ganyayyaki iri-iri. Maƙarƙashiya ba zai zama mai karfi ba, amma tare da amber mai haske da m dandano.
• F (Flowery) - a cikin abun da ke da shayi tare da irin lakabi irin wannan akwai matakai. Waɗannan su ne buds na wani shuka da suka yi fure. Suna ba da dandano mai kyau da ƙanshi mai ban sha'awa ga tincture.
• A cikin (Broken) - samfurin, wani ganye mai shayi, wanda, a lokacin da ake yanka ta na'ura ko karkatarwa, an ƙazantar da shi, amma ba a cikin gurgu ba.
• D (tsutsa) - sautin shayi mai shayi tare da tannic acid a cikin abun da ke ciki. Yawancin lokaci ana amfani dashi don samar da kayan shayi mai kwalliya.

Degree of fermentation

Har ila yau, akwai shahararriyar shayi ta hanyar ƙuduri. Fermentation wani tsari ne na canjin canji na abubuwa waɗanda suke tarawa cikin shayi a lokacin ci gaba. Wannan tsari zai fara a wannan lokacin lokacin da aka cire takardar daga reshe, kuma zata ƙare ne kawai idan duk abubuwan sun canza zuwa mahadi. By mataki na fermentation, shayi ne zuwa kashi biyar na asali kungiyoyin:

1. Bai cha (farin shayi). Don shirya fararen shayi, kana buƙatar tattara albarkatu masu kyau a rana. A wannan yanayin, akwai wani tsari da ake kira "jinkirin jinkiri". Kodan da ganye ba a juya ba ne a kowane hanya, amma ajiye nau'in halitta, wanda shine daya daga cikin muhimman siffofin farin teas.
2. Lju cha (kore shayi). Ƙananan ƙwayoyi na ciki suna cikin wannan rukunin. Don samun ganye shayi mai ganye, wajibi ne a yi amfani da ita don maganin zafin jiki, wanda zai kawar da haushi kuma ya tsaya cik. Sai ganyayyaki suna karkata kuma a karshe sun bushe kuma an ware su. Yanzu zaka iya amfani da shayi.
3. Oolong shayi (Oolong shayi). Waɗannan su ne blue-kore ko partially fermented teas. Hanyoyin da ke tattare da iri-iri iri iri shine cewa ganye yana da kyau sosai, zoned. Alal misali, ƙwayar tsakiya na iya zama ƙasa da ƙwarƙiri, da kuma rim - ƙarin.
4. Hun ca (ja shayi). Sinanci shayi na shayi - wannan abin sha ne da muke kira baki. A gare shi, an tattara ganye a yanayin zafi mai zafi. Da sauri (aiki) fermentation alama ce ta yin irin wannan shayi. Samfurin ya kusan kusan ƙure.
5. Hei ca (shayi na shayi). Wannan shi ne shayi mai shayi, shayi mai shayi. Tare da lokacin wucewa, wannan ƙungiyar samfurin ya zama mafi alhẽri.

Menene a cikin jinsi

Kayan shayi na asali yana faruwa:

Sin - Middle Kingdom shi ne mafi girma m shayi (aka fiye da kwata na duniya duka). Kasar tana samar da farin, baƙar fata, rawaya, oolong, puer, ja da kore shayi.

India - India ne a karo na biyu wuri domin samar da shayi. Ana amfani da nau'in Assamian iri-iri na tsire-tsire a matsayin kayan albarkatu. A} arshe,} asar ta samar da irin abubuwan sha.

Ceylon - game da wata goma na duniya girma shayi samar Sri Lanka. Don samun samfurin ya ɗauki nau'ikan albarkatu kamar yadda a Indiya. Indiya ta ƙware musamman a cikin ƙwayoyin kore da baki.

Japan - yawanci samar a Japan kawai 'yan iri shayi wanda aka fitar dashi. Duk sauran abubuwa ne don amfanin gida.

Indochina (Vietnam da Indonesia) - sanya baki da kuma kore irin abin sha.

Afirka - fãce Kenya, duk da wasu masana'antun suna dauke kananan.

Irin shuka

Zaka kuma iya rarraba shayi ta irin shuka. Saboda haka, yawancin Sin yana tsiro a cikin hanyar daji. Sau da yawa shayi shuka ana shuka a kan m gangara, domin kuwa a kullum yana bukatar danshi, amma stagnation na ruwa a karkashin tushen wata shuka ga m. Ƙananan harbe suna dauke da mafi muhimmanci. Sabbin magunguna suna tattara ta hannun hannu. Gaskiya ne, a daidai lokacin, an yi ƙoƙarin ƙoƙari don aiwatar da tsari, amma daga wannan ingancin kayayyakin kayan ya zama mafi muni.

Harshen Assamese itace itace wanda tsawo ya kai mita 26. Dabbobi na Cambodia sune matasan nau'i biyu da aka bayyana a sama kuma suna tsiro a Indochina.

Irin magani na ganye

Tsarin da kuma kayan shayi na iya bambanta dangane da irin kayan aiki na ganye. Ƙwararren ƙwararren digiri sune abin sha waɗanda aka bayyana a cikin sakin layi na farko na labarin. Hanyoyi masu yawa suna da teas waɗanda aka sanya daga lakabi ko raguwa wanda ya bayyana a cikin hanyar yin iri iri-iri. Amma wasu lokutan zane-zane suna tafe kuma musamman. Abin sha zai kasance mai karfi kuma zaiyi sauri sosai, amma dandano da ƙanshi ba zai zama mafi kyau ba.

Low-sa crushed teas ne game da samfurori iri-iri kamar matsakaici-sa teas, amma su quality ne mafi muni.

Ana samun bambancin jinsin ta hanyar wucewa ta zanen gado ta hanyar juyayi masu juyawa. Abin sha zai sami dandano mai ban sha'awa da haske mai haske da ƙanshi mai ƙanshi.

Kayan shayi yana kunshe da shayi mai shayi da crumbs. Kodayake ingancinta maras kyau ne, amma godiya ga sauƙin amfani, yana da kyau.

Brick an samar kusan gaba ɗaya daga shayi litter ta latsa. Yana da kyau sosai, amma ya ce dandano yana da kyau - ba kome ba ce.

Don ƙirƙirar abincin mai soluble, masu sarrafawa suna amfani da albarkatu mai ƙananan kayan ƙira, wanda shine samfurin bushe na samfurin halitta.

Tea daga Sri Lanka

Ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun mutane a duniya shine Ceylon shayi daga Sri Lanka. Jama'ar gari suna amfani da shayi maimakon ruwa don su ji ƙishirwa. Bayan haka, idan kun sha ɗayan mujallar wannan abin sha, to, tsawon sa'o'i uku ba za ku so ku sha ba. A Sri Lanka, yawan nau'i shida na Ceylon teas suna girma. Halaye na samfurin mai yawa ya dogara da tsawo na plantations. Za su iya zama low, matsakaici da kuma tsawo. Mafi kyaun Ceylon shayi kusa da birnin da ake kira Nuwara Eliya.

Amma suna tattara bishiyoyin shayi a cikin sassan Sri Lanka kamar Dimbula, Ruhuna, Uva da Uda Pussellava. Saboda yanayin sanyi da duniyar da ake ciki a Dimbul, shayi yana da ɗanɗano dandano, ƙarfinsa ya bambanta daga masu arziki zuwa matsakaici. Tea, wanda aka tattara a kan bishiyoyi a Ruhuna, zai sami dandano tart. Za a iya jin dadin abincin da za a iya jin dadi idan kuna ƙoƙari ku dafa shi daga ganye da ke girma a Uwe. To, a cikin Uda Pessellava yin dandano mai mahimmancin shayi mai ƙarfi na sansanin soja.

Irin Ceylon Tea

Mafi kyawun Ceylon shayi daga Sri Lanka ne kamfanoni suka samar: Hyson, Mlesna Tea, GILBERT'S PREMIUM TEA da Basilur. Don dalilai na kasuwanci, waɗannan kamfanoni suna samar da irin wannan nau'in shayi:

• PF1 - kananan granules. Wannan jigo ne mai karfi, wanda shine wani zaɓi wanda ba'a iya ba shi izini don buƙata a cikin sachets.
• FBOPF Ex. - ɓangaren ganye guda daya tare da nau'i-nau'i mai yawa, dandano mai laushi, wanda ya bambanta da dandano caramel.
• FBOPF 1 - shayi mai ganye mai ban sha'awa tare da dandano mai dadi da karfi.
• Ƙari na Azurfa - ƙananan leaf leaf buds, wanda a cikin aiwatar da bushewa saya velvety-azurfa inuwa. Yana da wani abin sha mai kyau mai ban sha'awa tare da magungunan kullun.
• Gun Powder - kore shayi, ya yi daidai da fasaha na musamman don calcination a kan wani frying na kasar Sin frying.

"Girman rarraba"

Bugu da ƙari, akwai ma'anar koren shayi, wanda yake kama da wannan:

• YH - tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire suna girbe a farkon kakar.
• FYH wani nau'in shayi ne na kasar Sin.
• N - China ta karya shayi mai shayi daga ganyayyaki daban-daban.
• FH - Sinanci yanke shayi, wanda ba a juya bishiyoyi ba a hanya guda.
• SOUMME - sifting. Tea daga nau'o'in dabbobi da dama tare da matsakaici.

Tea daga wasu ƙasashe

Baya ga kasashen da aka bayyana a sama, akwai wasu ƙasashe masu samar da shayi. Don haka, naman shayi na shayi sun shiga Taiwan. An kawo farkon tsire-tsire na tsire-tsire a cikin karni na 17. A yau, yawan yankunan shayi sun fi nisan kadada 20,000. Babban filayen suna kusa da Taipei - babban birnin jihar.

A cikin Gabas ta Tsakiya, Turkiyya ita ce mafi kyawun kayan shayi. A cikin shekara, an samar da fiye da 100 ton na samfurin a nan. A cikin kasuwar shayi na duniya, kayayyakin shayi na Turkiyya ba su da matukar bukata, kamar yadda yake da yawa bayan nasarar da kasar Sin ta samu, Ceylon da kayayyakin Indiya.

Tun fiye da karni daya, teas sun girma a cikin Caspian da arewacin kasar Iran. Kimanin ton 60,000 na samfurin ya karu a kowace shekara.

Kada ka rasa Georgia, inda a cikin XIX karni na farko shayi shrubs aka dasa. Bayan shekaru da yawa, an kafa shayi na shayi a nan. Na Jojiyanci shayi su sami wani high quality abin sha zai iya zama musamman meticulous da manual aiki. Amma ingancin samfurin a kan sikelin masana'antu ba'a rarrabe ta da kyakkyawan halaye.

A Brazil, kuma yana girma da kuma samar da shayi, amma ana amfani dashi ne kawai a jihar.

Sakamakon

Daga dukan abubuwan da ke sama, zamu iya cewa kafin shayi ya kasance a kan ɗakin ajiya, dole ne ya yi tafiya mai tsawo. Da farko kana buƙatar shuka da shuka itacen shayi, to, tabbatar da cewa ganye a kanta tana da kyau. Sa'an nan kuma ana tattara su, an sarrafa su na dogon lokaci kuma sai kawai su sami brewed. A cikin sha'anin shayi, akwai ƙididdiga masu yawa waɗanda suka ba ka dama ka zabi shayi wanda mai sayen zai so fiye da sauran nau'in.