A feat na Minin da Pozharsky. Gaskiya kishin kasa na Rasha

Shekaru 12 a Rasha Smoot. 12 shekaru Rasha bayan mutuwar Ivana Groznogo girgiza kamar zazzabi. 12 shekaru, babu m mulki ko gwamnati. A kasar da yunwa, da amfanin gona kasawa. Akwai m yawan ƙiren ƙarya, kuma kawai so ka mallaki komai kursiyin. Shekara ɗari daya daga cikin Crimean Tatars bai kai farmaki, amma sun ji dadin lokacin da isa Moscow da kuma fashi duk a kan hanya. Zo da Swedes, da kuma Dogayen sanda da'awar kursiyin. A kan hanyoyi da kuma gandun daji sha musantawa ƙungiya daga 'yan fashi. A irin wannan yanayi, shi ya tattara mayakan Minin da Pozharsky, domin ceto kasar.

Boris sarki

Bayan rasuwar Ivan IV don wani lokaci a kan kursiyin ne ya sickly dan Fyodor Ivanovich, wanda aka auri Irina Godunov. Lokacin da yake aiki, "kwamitin amintattun", kunsha na boyars. Amma membobinta da sauri tsakanin wani jayayya. A sakamakon samun mafi girma da karfi wa Sarauniya - Boris Godunov. Shi ne wani mutum da ke jihar hankali, amma m. A shawararsa, Fedor kebe daga aikinsu na manya, Qarfafa matsayi na darajoji na Church, kuma a karshe, inganta matsayin na 'yan kasuwa da kuma sana'a gina sabon birane. Tsar Fedor, mutuwa, yana ba yara, da kuma ƙanensa Dmitry mutu a karkashin m yanayi a Uglich. Babu mafi Rurik daular. Zemsky Sobor Yana zãɓen sarki Boris Godunov. Sarkar na haduwa da regularities ba ba su tsayar da sabuwar daular sarki. A sa na events cewa ya faru bayan da hali ya sa Minin da Pozharsky. Shekaru uku a Rasha bala'o'i da kuma yunwa: da ruwan sama ya zuba amfanin gona, farkon frosts undersold girbi. A kasar akwai jita-jita cewa sabon sarki ne ba faranta wa Allah rai. Mutane da yawa manoma gudu zuwa kudu, kiyayye ƙiyayya da tsoffin masu. Tsohon Moscow nobility, kishi na Godunov, a kowane hanya hana ta ayyuka, kuma a karshe farfado da makwabta - Dogayen sanda da kuma Swedes, ganin wani rauni na kasar. Su rayayye shiga tsakani a cikin harkokin da aika sojoji zuwa kasar Rasha. Yana baya ƙayyade feat na Minin da Pozharsky kamar yadda saviors na Fatherland.

Wanda shi ne na farko ƙãƙalen faɗarsa ga sarautarki yake?

Mai kasada, ya arrogated to kanta da sunan marigayin cikin Uglich na Tsarevich Dmitry. Ba da wa'adin da Polish King Sigismund III gubar Orthodox Rasha zuwa Katolika, wani mayaudarin Dmitry na mamaye da sojojin a kan ƙasa na Rasha. Ya ba skimp a kan wa'adin ba da bãya Rasha birane da kuma ƙasashen da waɗanda suka ba shi kudi ga mayakan sa kai, kuma ta haka ne ya tara sojoji da yawa. Bugu da ƙari, luck yana tare da shi. Tsar Boris mutu ba zato ba tsammani, wanda aka shirya a sauyawa. Amma matasa prince Fedor Borisovich mai rauni, kuma, kamar yadda a gwada yanayi, ba sa iya rike kursiyin. Minions a ciki Moscow arya Dmitry Na kawai kashe. Kuma sai ya ji tsoro Lzhedmitry Rasha nobility. Tsar Boris yake ba, da kuma ya ba so. Boyars kansu bukatar iko. Ƙarfafa da wuri, ya yi aure a Katolika Marina Mniszek, dogaro da taimakon mahaifinta-mahukunta. Orthodox da Katolika sarki - wannan shi ne da yawa. Wannan shi ne na karshe bambaro, wanda aka bishi da zãlunci; Muscovites. Daga bisani, da kuma wannan zai sa a feat na Minin da Pozharsky.

Vasiliy Shuysky

Daga dogon layi, wanda aka hada da a cikin kyalle da littafin, ya zama Sarki Knights yayin da a Moscow kasance Polish sojoji zuwa fãce arya Dmitry I. proponents Shuisky kashe Polish protege a cikin Kremlin da bẽnãye, binne shi, amma ba su kasance gamsu, excavated jiki da kuma kone su. Vasiliya Shuyskogo zabe sarki. Amma calmer a Rasha ya ba. Yana shafa mayaudarin kudu da kudu-maso-yammacin bai rantse amincewa da sabon sarki. Musamman da suke jita-jita, da cewa yada Yuri Mniszek cewa Dmitry ne da rai, da kuma kashe sarki ta biyu. Ya yi umurni da abin da Sambor wani sabon Dmitri, wanda zai daga baya za a kira, da kuma na biyu, da kuma "Tushino". Moscow ya aika da sojoji da yawa don kwantar da kudancin tawaye. Amma 'yan tawaye sun hadu da more kuma mafi sabon raka'a, da kuma sarauta sojojin da aka ci. Babban aikin da aka kama Moscow. Muscovites fahimci abin da jini ya barazana, sõyayya a kusa da Shumsky. Yana da matukar m ma'auni na sojojin. A 'yan tawayen, da rasa da kuma kusa da Kaluga da kuma kusa da Tula, sosai fatan fitowan da wata mu'ujiza tsira "Sarkin Dmitry Ivanovich." Kuma idan shi ya ba ta bayyana bayan Minin da Pozharsky, da saviors na Fatherland, wanda ya san abin da zai yi ya ƙare wannan jini tarihi. A halin yanzu, arya Dmitry II ya fara Maris zuwa Moscow. Bryansk, Karachev, Kozelsk - shi ne duk a cikin ikonsa. Camp ya shirya a Tushino, kusa da Moscow. Yana ta fara kewaye. Muscovites fara jin matsananciyar yunwa. A mutane ĩmãni da tashin "sarki mai kirki", kuma ya aka shiga ta birnin Vladimir, Yaroslavl, Vologda, Pskov. Marina Mniszek nan da nan gane da sabon Dmitry mijinta. Duk da haka, wani matashi zumunta na sarki, mai matukar hazaka shugaban, a pathetic tawagar a 3000 ya lashe wata nasara bayan nasara a kan Yaren mutanen Poland-Lithuanian sojojin. Domin Moscow, da kusa ya Yaren mutanen Poland King Sigismund, wanda aka yi nufi ga sa wa ɗansa a kan kursiyin. Ba a kasar amma a bloodbath, kuma idan ba Minin da Pozharsky, da saviors na Fatherland, lokaci mai tsawo zai sha wahala Rasha mutane. Sun yi gaba daya daina noma ƙasar, kasuwanci, to kai shiru m rayuwa.

Ƙulla makirci a Shumsky

The matasa lashe kasance guba, da kuma fara Shuiskis shan kashi. Sarkin hambarar da kuma a kan tilas tonsured matsayin m. Hukumomi kãma Boyar Duma. Suka tafi zuwa ga cin amana - yarda Polish sojoji zuwa Moscow da kuma amince da cewa a Katolika ne Orthodox Tsar. A wannan lokaci, na ƙarya Dmitry II gudu zuwa Kaluga, inda ya kashe. Mazauna Moscow ba ya so ya gani a kasashen waje da kuma kamar Orthodox tsar. Dogayen sanda ceton da halin da ake ciki, sun cinna wuta a Moscow. A tayarwa gāba da su da aka dakatar.

Ci gaba Rasha hasarori

Sandunan dauki kewaye Smolensk, da Swedes dauki Novgorod ƙasar, da kuma sanar da cewa Swedish ɗan sarki ne a kan kursiyinsa a Novgorod. A irin wannan yanayi, a Nizhny Novgorod Zemsky m Kuzma Minin (1568-1616) sanar rokan kudi ga mayakan sa kai. Amma ya musa 'yan kasuwa. Minin taru a farfajiya na fatake 'matansu da' ya'yansu da kuma miƙa wa 'yan kasuwa, saboda haka suka sayi su iyali. Irin wannan wayo dauka kudi ga mayakan sa kai. Na samu da kuma dandana Gwamna - Prince Pozharsky (1578-1641).

ayyuka mayakan

A Yaroslavl mayakan ciyar da yawa watanni shirya sojojin tafiya a kan Moscow. Mayakan Minin da Pozharsky ya a adonka. A wannan lokaci, da Prince Pozharsky aka aiko ta da kisa. Kawai bazata prince yana da rai. Masu dauke da makamai jiran Moscow. Minin da Pozharsky aka yaƙi da Dogayen sanda a kan tituna, yin karan su daga cikin Kremlin da Kitai-Gorod. A ƙarshe, bayan zafin fadace-fadace da kuma sieges Dogayen sanda suka mika wuya a Moscow. Amma Korol Sigizmund III cikin sauri zuwa Moscow da kuma ya bukaci kursiyin domin ɗansa. Da dama fadace-fadace, da kuma sarki ya kasa ya tafi zuwa Poland. Shi ya kasance mafi girma a 'yan tawayen detachment Ataman Zarutsky, wanda ya zama na uku mijin Marina Mniszek, wanda suka tattara a karkashin Astrakhan, sa'an nan shi m a kan kogin Yaik da hukuncin kisa.

kasa heroes

Idan ba a feat na Minin da Pozharsky, a takaice, wanda ya kuɓutar da Rasha ƙasar daga abokan gaba, shi ne ba a sani ba tsawon lokacin da zai šauki da zubar da jini, da kuma yadda yake da siyasa halin da ake ciki ya ci gaba a nan gaba, wanda shi ne musamman kaifi da kuma m, da ya fi girma yankin asarar: Zaporozhye, Smolensk, Chernihiv, kashi na Karelia, damar yin amfani da Gulf of Finland. A tattalin arziki rayuwa a kasar, kuma suka shiga ƙi. Shi ba a san yadda da yawa sau da intriguers daga dukan nau'i zai zama son ansu rubuce-rubucen da Rasha ƙasar da kuma Rasha kansu juya a cikin shirye bayi. Prince Pozharsky tattara wakilan zabi wani sabon sarki, da kuma bayan wani dogon muhawara a kan mulkin da matasa Mikhail Romanov. Kuzma Minin aka zayyana dumnyi bafadan. Prince Pozharsky aka gina daga hidima ga boyars. Kamar wancan ƙare da matsaloli.