Ivan Mazepa - a kasa gwarzo, ko wani m. tarihi hoto

Ivan Mazepa - daya daga cikin shahararrun daga Hetman Cossack Ukraine. A cikin tarihin bar wata alama a matsayin siyasa, wanda ya yi yaƙi domin 'yancin kai na hãlãyensu. A shekarar 2009, a Ukraine da Order of Mazeppa da aka kafa, shi ne bayar da ga nasarori a cikin kasa diflomasiyyar, philanthropy da jama'a yi.

Pedigree Ivan Mazepa

Mazepa Ivan Stepanovich aka haife shi a Maris 20, 1640, wasu kafofin da'awar cewa 'yan shekaru baya a wani yankin karkara Kamenz, daga baya sake masa suna Mazeppists, a kusa da fadar White Church. The yaro ya dan Ukrainian gentry. Ivan mahaifiyar Mariya Magdalina wani daraja, ilimi mace da siyasa ra'ayoyi. Cikin rayuwar ta, ta kasance mai bada shawara ɗa. A karshe shekaru 13 na rayuwarsa ya kasance ga Uwar isa, na Kiev kogwanni sufi.

Uba Ivan Mazepa Stepan, Adam aiki a matsayin hetman kewaye Vygovskogo.

samuwar

Tun suna yara Ivan Mazepa samu wani kyakkyawan ilimi. A Estate mahaifinsa, ya yi karatu hawa, kuma mallaki saber, karatu daban-daban sciences. Sai ya wãyi gari a dalibi na Kyiv-Mohyla Collegium. Dace almajiri sha'awar a cikin ayyukan Greek kuma Roman falsafa, o ƙarin Turai adabi, magana harsuna da dama.

Bayan samun digiri, mahaifinsa ya aiko Ivan ga Pages 'sabis zuwa Yaren mutanen Poland sarki. A kotu na Ivan Mazepa bayyana kanta kafa, dake tasowa bafadan. Ya aka aika zuwa samu kara ilmi a cikin jami'o'i na yammacin Turai. A lokacin da shekaru na karatu, dole ne ya lokaci zuwa ziyarci Italiya, Faransa, Jamus da kuma Holland.

A nan gaba Ukrainian hetman fascinated mutane a duba. Ba kawai da ikon tunaninsa, amma blandishments da waje ingancin shi ne ya trump katin a lokacin da tsani daga.

A halin da ake ciki a Ukraine

Ivan Mazepa, wanda biography ne cike da rashin daidaito da kuma a yau, ya zo dogon hanya zuwa saman da ya harkar siyasa. A ƙarshen XVII karni Cossack Ukraine ya ba da mafi kyau na sau. Lands yawanci uku Hetman, suka nẽmi shiryuwa da daban-daban waje iko.

Peter Doroshenko ya yar tsana na Turkish sultan, wanda da nasa na siyasa a cikin wannan yanki.

Getman Samoylovich gudanar pro-Rasha matsayi.

Ivan Mazepa, a cewar wasu kafofin, aka excommunicated daga kotu don a yaki da co-ma'aikata, a kan wasu - don sadarwa tare da wani aure pannoy. Amma zama da cewa kamar yadda zai iya, a 1664, Yan Kazimir aika da sojoji zuwa Hagu-Bank Ukraine, Mazepa bar jiki da kuma ya tafi zuwa ga 'yan qasar kauyen mahaifinsa.

A 1665, bayan mutuwar mahaifinsa, Ivan Mazepa dauki matsayinsa kuma ya zama epicalyx Chernigov.

Dreaming na wani aiki a cikin harkokin siyasa, ya auri wani mai arziki bazawara Anna Fridrikevich, wanda nan da nan ya mutu, ya bar shi a sararin arziki da kuma amfani links. Uba na Anna maniyyi Polovets zama wani janar tsarin rubutu, samar da taimaka wa ɗansa-da shirya shi a cikin sabis ga hetman Doroshenko. A cikin "Turkish" Hetman Mazepa m da kuma wayo zama kyaftin outhouse sojojin da daga baya wani magatakarda.

A 1674 Doroshenko aika Mazepa a Krymskoe Hanstvo da kuma Turkey. A wani ba Sultan watsa nevolnikov- Cossack bar banki. A Crimea, shi karya Ivan Sirko, amma ba ya kashe shi, da kuma watsa Samoylovich. Load lallashewa mutane, wasu kafofin da'awar cewa rashin tsoro magana Mazepa ya tsĩrar da ransa.

Ivan Mazepa, wanda biography ne cike da m jũya daga rabo, ya zama ya dubi bayan yara na Hagu Bank Hetman, kuma daga baya ga m sabis ya aka nada esaul. Samoylovich sau da yawa aika Mazepa a Rasha, inda suka lashe ni'imar da sarki fi so, Prince Golitsyn.

hetman

A watan Yuli 1687 Mazeppa, tare da sa hannu na ta patrons an zabe hetman na Hagu-Bank Ukraine, kuma da wanda ya riga Samoylovich tare da iyali da kuma Tawagar aka aika zuwa Siberia.

Wasu kafofin da'awar cewa Mazepa bribed Golitsyn domin taimako, wasu ɓãta wannan al'amari.

Duk da haka, a shekarar 1689, a lõkacin da Rasha kursiyin matasa Bitrus, tsakanin biyu buga wani kusa aminci. Dandana Hetman ba matasa girman shawara a kan kasashen waje da manufofin diplomasiyya tare da Poland.

A halin yanzu, a Ukraine akwai tashin hankali. A 1690, an fara tunzurin Petrik. Mazepa, dogaro nasu sojojin da taimako Bitrus, gilla suppressed shi. Da yawa daga cikin Sahaban yi imani da cewa Ivan Mazepa, da tarihi na Board wanda ya sosai jini, tare da matasa ba su sãɓã ba biyayya da kuma ibada. Our Sahaban kira wadannan halaye na siyasa da hankali.

An ƙawance da Charles XII

Zama cewa kamar yadda shi may, da Great Arewa War, wanda dade a Rasha shekaru 21 na Hagu Bank Hetman tura cikin wani ƙawance da Swedish sarki.

A 1706, bayan da Rasha bar shi kadai tare da Sarkin Sweden, Mazepa yi cikinsa cin gashin Little Rasha. Peter na da denunciations na game canje-canje Cossack hetman zo a kai a kai, amma da suka yi imani da bai so.

A 1708, Mazepa Ivan Stepanovich ki shiga rundunar sarki, da kuma tare da wani karamin sashi na Cossacks, mafi yawa sanda, suka tafi Charles.

Bitrus I ya husata, saboda ya gaskanta da Mazepa ba kawai a ƙarƙashin ally amma wani aboki.

A 1709 Mazepa m sarki ya kai ga cikakken halakar Zaporizhzhya Sich.