Common Pochard: photos, description, mazauninsu

Iyali na ducks quite m, hada da fiye da 100 jinsunan. Wannan shelduck, fari-gangarawa duck, da duck-jirgin ruwan, Baikal Teal, m teal, mallard, shoveler, Brazilian merganser, Muscovy duck, pochard da sauransu.

A labarin da ya gaya game da more kwanan nan irin duck iyali.

description

Pochard - yana da wani duck, wanda nauyi kai 1,400 g. A tsuntsu yana da wani m jiki, kadan matse laterally. A lokacin da jirgin, ƙwarai kiwata presser kafa up, saboda abin da daukan svoebrazny mai lankwasa siffar. The darajar ne daidai da girman kai na baki. A launi shi ne namiji (drake) ja-kasa-kasa da shunayya Sheen, kuma a duck shugaban ja launi. A wingspan ne 0.6-0.8 mita. Pochard duck-ya fi girma mace. Yana da ban sha'awa to wutsiya. A baya da kuma kirji ne a bit duhu launin toka, na iya zama ruwan kasa. Nono da kuma ciki haske launin toka inuwa. baki launi daga m zama datti blue. Paws a mutane biyu mata da maza, m, m launi. A Drake ta kirji da kafadu baki sautunan, launin toka baya, bangarorin idan tsinkãyi da wani mai gangara ripples. Baki, sabanin mace, kodadde blue, duhu saman.

gangara-on

Pochard - mai kyau mai nutsa, na nutsa cikin ruwa domin 30-40 seconds. Wannan tsuntsu ne shiru. The mace yana da wani wanda muryarsa ta duƙushe murya, m ta kuka a lokacin da wani jirgin. Drake a lokacin yanzu lokaci-lokaci samar da wani sauti kamar fito.

Pochard, wanda photo ne a cikin takarda, yana da wuya a kai a kashe, amma shi kwari. Ya bugun jini na fuka-fuki a batun wajen kaifi sauti. Jagoranci mobile rayuwa, mafi yawan abin da aka za'ayi a kan ruwa.

Wakilai daga wannan nau'in na iya rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 20, amma talakawan lokacin da suka rayuwa shi ne da yawa kasa. Amma, dogon-rayu tsuntsaye ne a zaman talala, inda suke duba bayan, ciyar da bi yadda ya kamata.

Common Pochard: mazauninsu

Inda ake waɗannan tsuntsaye rayuwa? Da farko dives zauna a cikin sashi na matakan da gandun daji-steppes, amma sannu a hankali mazauninsu ya kumbura, kuma tsuntsaye zaunar a kan dumi tabkuna a Turai, located a kan arewa da yamma. Wannan shi ne saboda karancin ruwa da saba wurare na yarjejeniya saboda halitta canje-canje da kuma zargin dace don samu zuriya tabkuna a yankunan masana'antu na Turai.

Yankin ƙasar da mazauna (kiwo range) ne sosai m: shi lullube daga Birtaniya to Lake Baikal, da Caspian da kuma Black Sea ga Amu Darya da kuma na almara Semirechye. Kudancin kasashen waje ƙauyuka nutse yankunan su ne m gishiri Marshes. A Amurka da kuma Kanada za a iya samu a arewacin tabkuna (Athabasca, Buffalo, Manitoba), zuwa gabas a cikin kogin Delta na Nebraska da kuma a cikin yankunan duwatsu na Sierra Nevada zuwa yamma na nahiyar. A Afirka, waɗannan tsuntsaye rayuwa a kudu zuwa yankin na Cape Verde, amma kuma a cikin Arabia.

Winter pochard ciyarwa a cikin Baltic Sea, North Sea, Black Sea, Bahar Rum da kuma Caspian gaba, amma kuma a cikin Japan tsibirin, a kan Syria da kuma Iraqi Coast, a jihohin bakin teku na Iran da Pakistan da kuma arewacin India.

Molina - wani muhimmin lokaci a cikin rãyuwar

A wasu lokuta na drakes dives aka aika zuwa gajere molting. A kowace shekara da suka tashi a cikin wannan wuri inda tara a da manya manyan garkuna. Molting faruwa yafi a cikin gandun daji lake. A karo na farko da suka Molina a lokacin rani - shi ne sake saiti bikin aure tufafin, re - kaka - kafin sabon aure wasanni. Sun drakes farko Molina a watan Satumba sa'an nan gaba daya ya canza su launin gashi.

The mace ke moulting a kan gida, da kuma idan ta ba brood, ta sheds da maza.

Hijira hanyoyi dives

Dives ne migratory da masu zama a gida. Recent rayuwa na musamman a tsibirin Birtaniya. Wannan ma zo da kuma hunturu dives daga Norway zuwa arewa na Jamus, daga Baltic jihohi da kuma arewacin Rasha. A nesting nau'i-nau'i suka tafi bayan bacewar kankara daga tafkunan.

A Kokchetav tabkuna (arewacin Kazakhstan) da tabkuna a Kurgan yankin da yake faruwa Molina karamin sashi daga tsuntsãye daga Urals, Western Siberia da Khanty-Mansiysk cin gashin kanta Okrug. Mafi yawa daga cikin ringed akwai drakes tashi a kan Bahar Rum, inda suka ciyar da hunturu. Su tashi, wucewa duwãtsu na Kudancin Urals, Don Shefela da kuma kudancin Ukraine. A kananan sulusi da murabba'i zauna a cikin Black Sea Coast. Wasu tashi zuwa Caspian Sea.

Bayan Birtaniya wintering a watan Maris je jirgin lokaci, wanda yana da za'ayi kafin karshen watan Afrilu. A arewa maso yammacin yankin na Black Sea tsuntsaye fara barin a farkon watan Afrilu. Adjara suna barin a karshen watan Maris. Tashi daga Iraki a cikin watan Maris. A cikin nesting nutse samun marigayi. The Middle Volga yankin, ta bayyana a makon da ya gabata na watan Afrilu da karshen May za ka iya har yanzu ganin kananan tumaki na migratory tsuntsaye. A karshen watan Afrilu za ka iya duba da taro jirgin na waɗannan tsuntsaye ta hanyar Tartary.

Wintering a Japan tsibirin Pochard tashi a karshen watan Afrilu. A farko drakes tashi bayan su biyu makonni tashi mace da matasa tsuntsaye.

nesting

Gurbi son zuwa nutse zurfi tabkuna na taiga, gandun daji steppe, inda wani babban yawan kyauro, kuma a bude yankunan. A nesting yanki na tsuntsaye tashi a kananan garkunan tumaki, kusan taba da ruwa. To rayu tare da sauran siffofin ducks, ba gasa tare da su a kan wani ɓangare na fodder samar, kamar yadda feed yafi a dare. A lõkacin da suka yi kiwo, fi son kayan lambu menu. A lokacin hijirarsa da kuma wintering tsuntsaye tare a da manya manyan garkuna.

Rarraba ta hanyar gida wuri, a haɗe da tushe na cikin ruwa ciyawa. A dalilin ne brushwood na Reed mace ko, a cikinsa akwai cutarwa da nufin shigar azzakari cikin farji. Sa'an nan pochard, cewa aka bayyana a sama, shi ne sahu fluff fizge daga nono da kuma downy bedroll Frames na shaft. Wannan iyo tsarin bãyukansu da kyau da kuma dogara ne a kan ruwa saboda da tushe da kuma tushen da ruwa shuke-shuke. Wani gida da ake gina a kan bumps, kuma bumps, an rufe shi da kyauro a bakin, ba da nisa daga ruwa. Shi ne daga ganyen bakin teku shuke-shuke, yana da diamita na 30 cm da tsawo - 25 cm.

abinci

Ciyar da wuraren don su ne gawawwakin ruwa, wanda mai yawa na cikin ruwa ciyayi, wani lokacin ba manya-manyan. Har ila yau, ba su kauce wa gishiri tabkuna, inda akwai abinci. Ikon dives a duka biyu shuka da dabbobi (larvae, sauro, kwarkwata, tadpoles, da dai sauransu). Rage cin abinci canje-canje dangane da kakar. The mika mulki - spring da kaka - kayan abinci, da kuma rani da kuma hunturu - dabbobi.

haifuwa

Kamar yadda na ninka pochard? Mãtan isa jima'i balaga bayan na farko (kuma wani lokacin na biyu) shekara na rayuwa, drake ore a cikin shekara ta biyu. Courtship za'ayi a kan kiwo filaye. Da dama drakes yawanci kula guda mace, suna kewaye da ruwa da kuma show dance, amai kansa high, da kuma emit shẽwa sautuna. The mace ne da hakkin ya zabi wani abokin tarayya. Tare da shi ta mãtan aure, yin gida da kuma incubates da qwai. A watan Afrilu - May, ducks fara ƙirƙirar masonry. A wasu sheƙarsu qwai iya zama biyu ko uku mãtã, kamar yadda wasu m uwa jefa up su qwai a yi sheƙarsu na makwabta. Wani lokaci Masonry ga wasu unknown dalilin mutu, sa'an nan da mace kayansa mãsu qwai a cikin sabon wuri. A kwanciya nutse - daga 8 zuwa 12 qwai, da launi na greenish blue. The mace incubates da qwai for game da 25 days.

zuriyarsa nutse

Hatched kajin ku auna nauyi daga 40 zuwa 50 grams kuma suna a cikin gida har bushe. Drakes ba su shiga domin ta kula da Mandarin da jack ba zuwa. Na farko, su ne a nan kusa. Ciyar da mãtã to, tara a kananan garkunan unisex. Barin gida, duck kajin rufe saukar.

Mandarin a rana ta uku ya m nutse kuma iya kama kwari. Pooh hatched nestlings da sosai lokacin farin ciki. A rana ta biyu da suka samu kansu abinci, rarake a kwari da kuma shuka tsaba, nutse. Monthly kajin ne riga cikakken fledged, biyu-wata da suke iya tashi. Kajin samun a fakitoci, ci gaba kyauro, kuma sedges. Lokacin da hadari Mandarin aka binne shi a gare su.

A farkon watan Agusta, da suka bar gida, zuwa nomadic rayuwa.

kula mutum

Yadda kariya pochard? The Red Littafi na Rasha ya ƙunshi wani Littãfi daga cikin tsuntsu saboda gaskiyar cewa yawan jinsunan rage daga 60 zuwa 10-15 dubu. Wannan shi ne saboda da m ci gaban da yankunan da settles nutse, wanda shi ne wasa tsuntsu.