Wane ne m, kuma abin da ka'idodinta ta bãyukansu zuwa?

A shekarar 2012, da kokarin da Rasha ra'ayin jama'a Research Center (VTsIOM), binciken da aka gudanar, a lokacin da Russia aka tambaye su bayyana abin da wani sassaucin ra'ayi. Fiye da rabin daga cikin mahalarta a cikin wannan gwajin (ko, m, 56%) same shi da wuya tare da bude daga cikin lokaci. Abu ne mai wuya da wannan lamarin ya canja da cika fuska a cikin 'yan shekaru, don haka bari mu dubi abin da ka'idojin professed liberalism kuma abin da ainihin wannan zamantakewa da siyasa da kuma falsafa Trend.

Wane ne m?

A sosai general sharuddan zamu iya cewa wani mutum wanda aka aikata a wannan motsi, yi maraba da ƙusa da ra'ayin iyaka gwamnatin sa baki a cikin zaman jama'a a tsakaninsu. Dalili na wannan tsarin dogara ne a kan zaman harkokin kasuwanci da tattalin arziki, da, bi da bi, da aka shirya a kasuwar ka'idojin. Amsa wannan tambaya na da wanda yake mai sassaucin ra'ayi, kwararru da yawa jayayya da cewa shi ne wanda ya siyasa da 'yanci, na sirri da kuma tattalin arziki ya wadãtu da mafi fifiko a cikin rayuwa na jihar da kuma al'umma. Ga magoya bayan na akida da 'yanci da kuma hakkin kowane mutum ne wasu doka akai a kan wanda, a cikin su view, da tattalin arziki da zamantakewa domin dole ne a gina. Mu yanzu la'akari da wanda Liberal Democrat. Wannan ne wani mutum wanda, kare 'yanci, wani abokin gaba na mulkin. Liberal dimokuradiyya, a cikin ra'ayi na Yammacin siyasa masana kimiyya - shi ne manufa nemi da yawa tasowa, Duk da haka, a kan wannan lokaci za mu iya magana ba kawai a wajen siyasa. A asalin ma'anar wannan kalma ya kira duk freethinkers da libertines. Wani lokaci su yawan fadi, da waɗanda suke a cikin al'umma yana karkata zuwa wuce kima indulgence.

zamani sassaucin ra'ayi

Matsayin mai zaman kanta Outlook, dauke akida motsi fito a cikin marigayi 17th karni. -Akai domin cin gaban su ne, waɗannan ayyukansu mashahuri mawallafa a matsayin Montesquieu, Yahaya. Locke, Adam Smith da John. Mill. A wannan lokacin an yi tunanin cewa free sha'anin da kin tsoma baki na jihar a zaman rayuwar zai babu makawa kai ga ci gaba da kuma inganta da jindadin al'umma. Duk da haka, kamar yadda ya juya waje, da na gargajiya model na liberalism bai biya kashe. Free, uncontrolled da jihar gasar ya kai ga zargin monopolies, wanda inflated farashin. A siyasa, akwai sha'awa kungiyoyin lobbying. Duk wannan bai sanya shi ba zai yiwu ba ga doka daidaito da kuma muhimmanci Narrows yiwuwa ga dukan waɗanda suke so su yi kasuwanci. A 80-90 shekaru. Karni na 19th m ideas fara fuskanci tsanani rikicin. A sakamakon doguwar msar tambayar bincike a farkon karni na 20th an ɓullo da wani sabon ra'ayi, da aka sani da neo-liberalism ko zamantakewa liberalism. Its proponents umurni da kariya da mutum daga cikin illar da zagi na kasuwar tsarin. A gargajiya liberalism, jihar ya kasance wani abu na "dare tsaro". Musulmai masu sassaucin ra'ayi a yau yarda cewa an yi kuskure, kuma a hada a cikin shirin ideas kamar:

• iyakance gwamnatin sa baki a cikin zaman jama'a da kuma tattalin arziki duniyoyin.
• Jihar iko a kan ayyukan monopolies.
• sa hannu na talakawa a harkokin siyasa.
• bada garantin mai yawan iyaka zamantakewa hakkokin (old-shekaru amfani, da hakkin ya sami ilimi, aiki, da dai sauransu).
• yarjejeniya-kore da kuma kula da;
• siyasa da adalci (da tsarin dimokuradiyya na yanke shawara a harkokin siyasa).

Rasha sassaucin ra'ayi

A polytypic tattaunawa na zamani Rasha da wannan Trend sa da yawa daga rigingimu. Ga wasu masu sassaucin ra'ayi - wani conformist, yi wasa tare da kasashen yamma, amma ga wasu - wani magani da za a iya ceto kasar daga cikin cikakken iko na jihar. Irin wannan savanin a cikin wani karamin sashi saboda gaskiyar cewa a Rasha a lokaci guda akwai dama irin wannan akida. Mafi mashahuri na su ne masu sassaucin ra'ayi ra'ayi (wakilin - Alexei Venediktov, shugaban edita na tashar "Echo na Moscow"), neo-liberalism (wakilin - Andrei Illarionov), zamantakewa liberalism (jam'iyyar "Yabloko") da kuma shari'a liberalism (Republican Party da kuma jam'iyyar Parnas).