Musk duck (indoutka): kiwo, girma, kiyayewa. Yanayin shiryawa na tsoffin musk

Duck musk (mashahuri a cikin Indochina, Latin Cairina moschata) wani nau'in 'yanci ne na tsire-tsire na itace, wanda yawancin ya fi yawa a Amurka ta Kudu da Mexico. Don turkeys, akasin yarda da imani, ba ya shafi. Domesticated by ancient Aztecs, a yau shi ne kowa a kusan dukkanin ƙasashe, musamman - a Rasha. Kyakkyawan sanarwa shine ga masu sha'awar kaji. A yau zamu tattauna akan yadda ducks suke musk. Za'a tattauna duniyar, girma, kulawa da wadannan wuraren kiwon kaji a cikin tsarin mu.

Short bayanin

A canjin musk yana da asali kuma ya bambanta a bayyanar daga kabilu. Tare da wuyansa a wuyansa, yana da babban kirji, fuka-fuka suna da tsawo kuma suna da iko, ƙafafunsa sun takaice, tare da takalma masu nunawa.

Duck Musky ne kwantar da hankula, fairly Hardy, in mun gwada da unpretentious, kadan mai saukin kamuwa zuwa mafi yawan avian cututtuka, iya yin ba tare da kandami. A kan iyakoki na birdy an ajiye shi dabam, ba ya yin rikici, ba ya son kamfanoni, amma bai shiga cikin fada ba.

Nauyin namiji samfurin (drake), bisa ga ma'auni, yana kusa da 6 kg, mace (duck) - zuwa 3.5 kg. Eggplant - qwai 100-110, nauyin kowane - game da 75 gr.

Ku ɗanɗani halaye

The Ideal rage cin abinci jingina ja nama. Abin da ke ciki, wanda ya bambanta, misali, daga Peck Peck, yana da ƙananan (har zuwa 25%). Babban mashin murya. Muscular kwakwalwa yana da kusan 41%. Nauyin nauyin mafi yawan abincin (gindi) ya kai 800 g Indotka yayi kama da dandano dandano tare da kyakkyawan halaye mai kyau. Ba kamar ruwa ba, ba shi da wani dandano na musamman. A Faransa, waɗannan ducks sun dade suna maye gurbin mafi yawan sauran nau'o'in.

Qwai na musk duck ne edible, kuma quite dadi. Su ne manyan, tare da babban gwaiduwa da furotin mai yawa.

Hybrids

Duck musk din yana wucewa tare da duwatsu masu sauki. Hybrids (mullards) suna farawa, matakan yanka - kimanin kilogiram 4. Zaka ba sa (bakararre). Launi na tsuntsu yana da duhu sosai. A Turai, yawancin lokaci ana yin fattened, wanda ya haifar da hanta mai haɗari (foie gras), abin da gourmets ke daraja sosai.

Launi na Indotecs

Duck Musky zai iya zama fari, launin ruwan kasa, baki, blue. Nau'in launi yana tartsatsi, ciki har da "madubi". Duk da haka, akwai wasu. A Turai, alal misali, sau da yawa akwai wasu launi waɗanda ba'a gane su ba ta daidaitattun. Ya zama abin lura cewa suna da karko kuma ana daukar su zuwa zuriya. Zai yiwu ba da daɗewa ba irin waɗannan launi za su sami fitarwa kuma za a nuna su a cikin ka'idoji.

Ya kamata a faɗi wasu kalmomi game da launin launi guda. Muna da ra'ayi cewa launuka masu launi suna nuna gaban hybrids. Duk da haka, irin waɗannan zaɓuɓɓuka suna samar da su ta Turai. A wasu kalmomin, purebreds na iya zama ba kawai monophonic musk duck. A wasu masana'antun da ke cikin kasashen waje, ana aiwatar da "sababbin" sabbin layi, inda launuka suke kawai. Abin lura ne cewa waɗannan ducks suna da amfani sosai kuma suna auna fiye da wakilan launin ruwan kasa. Ƙunƙasa masu launi suna ƙara bayyanawa a cikin nune-nunen masu sha'awar Turai. Alal misali, muna aiki tare da mahaukaci (a matakin manyan cibiyoyin) kuma ba a gudanar da shi sosai ba, saboda haka mun sami abin da aka shigo da sau ɗaya daga Turai. Yawanci wadannan su ne tsuntsaye masu launin ruwan kasa, masu launin fata da baki. Wannan yana nuna yadda wannan launi ta kasance a cikin latitudes. Kodayake, saboda kwarewa mai sauki kuma tare da hali mai dacewa, ƙwayar namun gandun musk zai iya ba da kyakkyawan sakamako. Yana da yiwuwa a samu, alal misali, mutane masu tsabta suna kimanin kilo 4.7 a cikin watanni uku. Hakika, wannan yana buƙatar "jigon jini mai kyau."

Muscovy duck (breeds)

1. White. Launi ya dace da sunan. Plumage ba shi da alamun yellowness. Ya kamata baki ya zama ruwan hoda mai haske, a kan tip - haske. Hocks ne rawaya. Eyes ne kawai launin toka-blue.

2. Black da fari. Abubuwan idanu yawanci launin haske-launin ruwan kasa (lokuta mai haske-blue), raƙuman ƙwayoyi masu launin rawaya (aibobi masu launin fata suna halatta). Babban launi na plumage baƙar fata ne, tare da luster mai launi (a baya tare da launi kore, in ba haka ba - tare da m). Fuka-fukin gashin tsuntsaye suna nuna nauyin kai, kai, wuyansa da kuma "madubi" tare da fuka-fukan fadi.

3. Brown daji. Babban launi ne cakulan. Fuskoki, rufewa da gashin tsuntsaye suna da duhu, tare da gashin tsuntsaye. Akwai 'yan gashin gashin fuka-fuki a fuka-fuki a fannin fuka-fuki, yawancin su a cikin manya. Pooh shine launin ruwan kasa, haske. Gumshi ja ne, tip yana da duhu, alade a tushe. Eyes da pusa suna launin ruwan kasa. Wuraren haske suna halatta. A cikin mutanen wannan irin wannan nau'in ake kira kawai "jacks musk musk".

4. Brownish-fari. Babban launi shine launin ruwan 'ya'yan cakulan (tare da kwarara). Fuka-fukin gashin launin fata suna samar da tsari a kan kai, wuyansa da kirji. Tsari na biyu shine tsuntsu, launin fari shine fari ("madubi"). Beak ne ja (tip yana da duhu), haske pigmentation ya yarda. Eyes da pusa suna launin ruwan kasa.

5. Black. Launi ya dace da sunan. Launi na tsuntsu yana da baki baki. Baya da fuka-fuki suna da ruwan teku, wasu sassa suna da launi. Pooh ne launin toka, duhu. Eyes suna launin ruwan kasa. Ƙara da ƙwaƙwalwa baƙi ne.

6. Ƙaƙƙarƙiyar. Launi ya dace da sunan. Ana nuna launi mai launi. Fuka-fukan kowacce yana da duhu mai duhu (wani sashi na fuka-fukan). Eyes suna launin ruwan kasa. Kwanci da baki yana kusan baki.

7. Wild. Yawan launi shine baki, cikakke, tare da launin kore a baya da fuka-fuki, m a kan kirji da m a sauran. Babban fuka-fukin fuka-fuki a cikin tsuntsaye babba yawanci sune fari, a cikin yara matasa basu da yawa. Beka da idon launin ruwan kasa. Gidan yana baƙar fata, yatsunsu suna da ƙananan wuta (suna iya zama rawaya).

8. Wild blue. Yana da yawan launi mai launi. Fuka-fukin mutum ɗaya suna ta gefe ta hanyar ƙananan ƙarfe (wasu tsarin). Duck blue, kamar daji, yana da mafi yawan gashin gashin tsuntsu (a cikin tsuntsaye masu girma). Labarin yana kusan baki, tare da sauyawa zuwa blue-blue (a tushe), tare da matsanancin duhu. Plyus yana kusa da baki. Eyes suna launin ruwan kasa.

9. Fari tare da hoto. Gidan shine fari. An yi amfani da saman sigogi a baya, wuyansa, kambi kai, fuka-fukan fuka (2), flanks, wutsiya, a kan fitilu, a fuka-fuki. Beak yana baki, tare da sauyawa zuwa launin ja-blue, tare da baki baki. Eyes suna launin ruwan kasa, haske. Hocks suna rawaya (baƙaƙen fata ba ya halatta).

Gabatar da lokaci na namo

A nan yana da muhimmanci muyi la'akari da halaye na halitta na irin. Gilashin Indotests yana da nau'i uku: Fluff, adadi mai kyau da kuma manyan (saman layi). Menene aka haife ka? An rufe jikinsu kawai tare da ƙasa. Wannan shine saman gashin tsuntsaye wanda zai yi girma a baya. Farfesa a hankali ya fita. A madadin shi ya ci gaba da rufe alkalami (bayan kwanaki 20 daga haihuwa zuwa watanni da rabi). Ba da daɗewa matasa (abin da ake kira juyi) molting fara. Wannan shi ne daidai lokacin kuma dole ne mu jira - wannan lokacin ne lokacin da ducklings suna shirye don kashe. Me ya sa? Na farko, ku guje wa "tsutsi" a lokacin da aka tara, kuma na biyu, a wannan lokaci, samuwar kasusuwan nama (ossification) ya ƙare. Lokacin tafiyarwa yana da wata daya da rabi, wasu lokuta biyu. Wannan yana nufin cewa kwanan lokaci don kashe shi ne makonni 12, cikin makonni 24 masu zuwa. Alal misali, za ka iya ɗaukar gona mai kyau na Faransa. Yanayin kashewa a wadannan kamfanoni na kwanaki 85 ne don drake da kwanaki 70 don mamayewa. Ba wuri na karshe yana bugawa a yawancin kayan lambu ba. Zai fi kyau a ci gaba da kasancewa a kan kararraki (m, 1x1 cm, daga haihuwa da akalla har zuwa makonni uku). Wannan zai kara bushewa. Bugu da ƙari, za ku samu kimanin kashi dari na rayuwa! Girman saukowa yana da maki 20 (iyakar) ta mita mita har zuwa kwanaki 10. Sa'an nan kuma ƙara yankin. Bayan da aka yi watsi da shi, yana da kyawawa sosai don yin amfani da guntu (matsakaici). A cikin matsanancin yanayi, sawdust, amma babba. An tsabtace tsofaffin kayan tsabta kuma ana saran sababbin. Littafin ba zai canza ba.

Ganyen kifi a cikin dakin zafi yana baka dama don rage yawan amfani da kayan abinci mai ma'ana da kuma cimma matsin lamba.

Features na kiwon waddan

Yaya za a ci gaba da tsohuwar ducks? Gina a cikin kaji low roosts sabõda haka, tsuntsaye ya huta. Musamman Musk na bukatar yanayi daban-daban. Ba kamar turkey ba, kuna buƙatar yin benches da yawa a ƙananan ƙananan (20 cm), da komawa daga bango 35 cm. Nisa daga cikin perch shine 18 cm.

Duck musk ba zai iya tsayayya da datti da dampness. Mafi yawan zafin jiki na kwanciya yana da digiri 19, ƙananan zafin jiki shine 16. Babbar manufa shine raga (an rubuta wannan a sama). Girman kwayoyin halitta shine 24x24 mm. Grid ya kamata ya zama 2/3 na dukan bene na katifa. Irin wannan aikin ya kasance tare da bango mai nisa. "Hanya" (nisa zuwa kasa) - 30 cm. Girman bakin kandami yana da akalla 2 mm. Ɗaya daga cikin gefuna na shimfiɗa ƙasa yana mafi kyau a kan hinges - lokacin tsaftacewa za'a iya tashe shi kuma an gyara shi. Masu sha suna sanya grid. Ana shigar da masu amfani fiye da mita uku daga masu sha. Don kwanciya, kamar yadda suke faɗa, amfani da manyan sawdust. Ƙarƙashin ƙwayar dashi yana iya haifar da annobar cutar (aspergillosis).

Ya ƙunshi Musk duck (jinsin ba kome) a wata yawa na 3 g / m. Rubuta kayan ya fara watanni 1.5 kafin a fara kafa oviposition. Don biyar yadudduka, kana buƙatar guda ɗaya drake. Wannan karshen ya zama wata tsofaffi. A wannan yanayin, matukar jima'i na Indotecs zai zo kadan a baya. Za a iya samun rabo na tsawon shekaru ta hanyar barin maza mafi kyau daga wani girma girma. Yawancin lokaci an samo shi a watan Mayun-Yuli.

Bayan kwanaki 180, an yi saurin hasken rana zuwa sa'o'i 17 (kafin a fara mason). Yanayin yana goyan bayan watanni 4. Don bayani, yi la'akari da hankali, kamar yadda musk ducks su ne maynibals. Saboda haka, ƙarfin (ƙarfin) wutar lantarki ne kawai aka gyara zuwa 2 watts da mita. Idan ƙarin haske ake buƙata, launi kwararan fitila a launin ja (orange).

A oviposition kanta ne cyclic. Ya bambanta da ƙananan ducks, musk Bears qwai na tsawon sa'o'i 15. An tattara su akalla sau uku a rana (zai fi dacewa sau da yawa). Zaka iya samun kashi 80 a kowace zagaye.

Halin ilimin incubating ma yana da mahimmanci. Musk duck a cikin kullun kullun ba ya zama tsayi sosai. Ta kan kawar da wasu nidun mutane, suna kwance ƙwai. Idan ba ku cire kama a cikin uku (lokuta biyu) ba, mace zata zauna a can don shiryawa. A wannan lokaci, qwai 12-15 za a tattara.

Harkokin jima'i a drakes ne yanayi. A farkon watanni, hadi yana da girma (96%), ta hanyar kaka ya sauke zuwa 50%. Sabili da haka, haɗuwa da duwatsu na musk an yi shi ne a cikin bazara. Don kiwon waddan interspecific hybrids, shi ne wanda aka so don Mix Peking ducks tare da musk ducks.

Tsuntsaye na ƙwaiyen musk musk

Menene kyawawa don sanin? Kwai na duck musk yana da kyakkyawan harsashi wanda ya rufe kwasfa da kuma kawar da ruwa. Duk da haka, kawar da iskar gas da cirewa da iskar oxygen a lokaci guda. Wannan abu yana kara inganta ci gaban amfrayo. Ƙarar tsofaffi ajiyayyu don makonni biyu a ashirin da digiri sun bambanta a mafi kyau hatchability fiye da cikakke sabo. Gidan daji yakan sauya gida don shan "baho". Lokacin da ta dawo sai ta girgiza kanta sama da gida, ta shayar da ƙwaiyen ƙwai. Bugu da ƙari, mahaifiyar nan gaba ta juya takalman su, cire fim din kuma ta buɗe wuraren musayar gas. Sabili da haka dole ne a gudanar da haɗin musk din musk, ko dai a cikin matsayi mai ma'ana ko matsayi (amfrayo yana tasowa mafi alhẽri). Don kada su fadi daga tarkon lokacin da suka juya, an rufe su da tarwatsa, suna da karfi da zare ko hawaye.

Ga qwai na irin wannan nau'in, '' incarner '' '' '' '' (IWV 15, IWV 45) ya dace daidai. Yana da mahimmanci kada ku manta game da tsarin sanyaya. Menene ainihinsa? A rana ta 16 na shiryawa (da kuma kara) tare da hanyar haɗuwa, ana ƙwai ƙwai sau biyu - a 8.00 da 20.00 (kamar haka). A farkon, ana buƙatar minti ashirin da minti da iska, ta hanyar juyawa drum sau biyu. Sa'an nan kuma an shayar da su (minti 4) daga sprayer (matsayi na trays yana a kwance).

Da ke ƙasa akwai yanayin nuna alama na shiryawa na ducks musk.

1 mataki (1-16 days incubation). Yanayin zazzabi shine 37.8 ° C. Ya juya zuwa ga axis, 45 digiri. Yanayin zafi shine 32%. Ba a buƙatar yin sanyi da spraying ba.

Stage 2 (17-21 days of incubation). Yanayin zazzabi shine 37.6 ° C. Juya daga axis, 45 digiri. Yanayin zafi shine 30,5%. Cooling sau biyu, na minti 25. Spraying - sau biyu a rana.

Stage 3 (22-30 days of incubation). Yanayin zazzabi shine 37.4 ° C. Juya daga axis, 45 digiri. Yanayin zafi shine 28.5%. Cooling sau biyu, na minti 30. Yanayin spraying iri daya ne.

Stage 4 (30-31 days of incubation). Yanayin zazzabi shine 37.2 ° C. Ba'a buƙatar gyaran. Humidity yana da kashi 31%. Spraying ne sau biyu. Cooling - sau biyu a rana don minti 25.

Sashe na 5 (32-35 days of incubation). Yanayin zazzabi yana da iska 36,9 °, zafi shine 35%. Ba'a buƙatar gyaran. Cooling - sau biyu a rana don minti 30.

Ciyar

Menene ƙwanan musky suke ci? Ciyar da wannan tsuntsaye za a iya raba shi zuwa matakai: farkon (kajin) da kuma girma (girma, manya).

Kwana uku (tun da haihuwar) ya fi kyau ciyar da kaza (ko duck) ƙaƙaccen ƙummaccen ƙumshi. Sa'an nan kuma fara ƙara cuku gida, kaji (dole friable - da dairy da broth). A daidai wannan lokacin, an riga an ba su ganye (ƙwayoyi masu amfani ne). An gabatar da amfanin gona na asali a cikin makonni biyu. Za a iya girbe hatsi, kuma za'a iya ciyar da shi cikin siffar bushe. A kusa, an sanya kwalaye guda biyu, cike da nau'i (ƙananan ƙananan) da yashi (kogin). A cikin hunturu, don ciyarwa, amfani da rassan, kayan lambu, hay. Muscat ducklings, kamar manya, kamar Urushalima artichoke (da kuma tubers, da kuma ganye). Kuma tare da saman dressing ta wannan nau'in nau'in nau'in da aka yi amfani da shi yana da sauri, plumage yana haskaka, kwai kwanciya yana ƙaruwa. Don hunturu yana da kyawawa don yadawa tare da silage daga tsire-tsire (nettle, Dandelion, mokritsa, da dai sauransu). Gishiri dole ne a zubar da ciki, a cikin kwalba (gilashi), karamin, kadan podsalivaetsya (wani gishiri na gishiri na lita 3), an kafa aspirin kwamfutar ta saman. Ana ajiye waɗannan nau'in a cikin cellar.

Accelerates fattening kunshe a cikin abinci na dan kadan salted Boiled masara, cike da mai.

Bugu da ƙari, har zuwa abincin gina jiki, damun musk suna da kyau.

Cututtuka, rigakafi

Bisa ga mahimmanci, rigakafi a cikin musk ducks ne quite high. Duk da haka, za su iya samun ciwon daji na cututtuka, rashin nau'in plumage, pasteurellosis (kwalara), aspergillosis, salmonellosis (paratyphoid), da dai sauransu. Don kauce wa matsalolin, wajibi ne a dauki matakan kulawa da tsari na gidan, tsarin zafin jiki, hasken haske da, ba shakka, ciyarwa. Ba a yarda da yin amfani da gurasar giya da feeders ba. Gilashin ya kamata ya kasance mai tsabta kuma ya bushe.

Popular sau da yawa kaji-masoya an gamu da babbar matsala - da "sabon duck mura". Tare dace dauki wani fashewa yana yiwuwa ya kashe kwayoyin - magani "Terramycin". Mandarin iya fallasa su hanta lalacewa saboda kwayar hepatitis. Mace-mace daga wannan cuta, quite frankly, shi ne quite high. Hanyar fada a nan za a iya allurar rigakafin. Abin da ya bayar da shawarar da wannan manufa? Capevac The maganin za a iya gani a matsayin wani misali. Ya ƙunshi wani annoba virus (attenuated, daskare-bushe form), Jansen iri. Maganin damar domin aiki allurar rigakafi na matasa dabbobi. Shi ne ninki biyu a karo na hudu da takwas mako, tabbata a sa, da subcutaneous allura. Sashi - ml da tsuntsu. Idan zone ne ya fi karfinsu noma fara bayan kwanaki 21. Revaccination - biyu, matsakaicin makonni uku.