Valois (daular). History of Faransa

Valois - daular na Faransa sarakuna. An dauke da kafa wa Filibus IV da Fair Charles IV. A wannan ɗaba'ar za mu magana game da shahararrun wakilan Valois House.

Family Tree Valois

A na da Faransa a yankin na lardin Ile-de-Faransa ya karamin County na Valois. Tare da X karni da shi ya zama babban birnin Crepy-en-Valois. Da farko, da County mallakar Carolingian gidan da ya wuce a kan matsayin wasiyya da ƙaramin line.

A 1285, ƙasashe sun kasance a cikin mallaki wa Filibus IV da Fair - Charles IV. An dauke da kafa gidan Valois.

A 1382 ikon a Faransa ya zo da ɗan Charles - Philippe VI. Ya yi 10 yara, wanda ya tsira kawai 2 da 'ya'ya maza da kuma 1' yar. The uku ɗan Filibus VI John II Good zama Sarkin Faransa a 1350. Ya yi mulki a jihar for 1364. Wanda zai gaje shi ya Carl hikima - daya daga cikin shahararrun sarakunan na da Faransa.

Branch Valois

Valois daular yana 7 rassan:

• Branch na shugabannai Alençon - zo daga Faransa kwamandan Charles II. County Alanson gidan da aka located a cikin kudancin kasar, a cikin Duchy na Normandy.
• Branch na Duke na Anjou - zo daga John II da Good gaje Louis I. A mallaki iyali gida zuwa lamba na ƙasar waje da jihar, musamman Mulkin Naples. Anjou reshe kusan dadaddun a 1480, bayan mutuwar Rene na Anjou.
• Branch na shugabannai Berry - zo daga magaji na John II da Good Jean nake nufi. Land mallakar da iyali, located a cikin tsakiyar ɓangare na Faransa (tarihi Berry yankin tare da babban birnin kasar a Bourges). Branch mutu fitar a 1461.
• Branch na shugabannai Burgundy - zo daga Philip II da Bold. Valois sarakuna kan yi mulki a ƙasashen Burgundy daga 1363. A ƙasa da take ta iyali, ya kumbura da yawa godiya ga Philip da Bold. Ya ya iya shiga cikin County na Artois, Rethel, Flanders da kuma sauran yankunan.
• Branch na shugabannai Brabant - kafa ta mazan ƙarni na Philip da Bold magada. Yana petered fitar a 1430.
• Branch na shugabannai Nevers - kafa a 1401.
• Branch na shugabannai Orleans - cikin shahararrun iyali gidan Valois. Daular hau gadon sarautar da Louis XII. Branch kusan dadaddun a 1515.
• Branch na shugabannai Angouleme - zo daga magaji na Louis Orleanskogo Zhana.

Philip VI Board

Philip VI ya koma Faransa da kursiyinsa a 1328. A mahallinsa da aka canjawa wuri ya fi iko jihar a na da Turai. Abu na farko da sabon zabe m ya yaki a Flanders. Faransa sojojin ya saɓa wa communes na County. Philip VI ya iya mayar da ikon a Flanders ya talakansa Louis.

Ba da da ewa, wani sabon rikici ya faru, to, wanda aka juya a cikin wani protracted yaki. A zamanin mulkin Philip VI suke siffantawa to kursiyin Faransa sun ci gaba Edward III. A 1337, ya kama daya Flemish tsibirin. Wannan taron ya lokaci zuwa farkon na shekara ɗari War. Game da mafi muhimmanci fadace-fadace da wannan rikici da muka bayyana a kasa.

A lokacin da rayuwar Philip VI, Faransa sojojin fuskantar matsanancin faduwa a Cressy da Calais. Its shugaban mulkin soji a kokarin rama domin gazawar da saye da Dauphin da Montpellier.

A 1350, Philip VI mutu. Faransa kursiyin shige wa ɗansa, John II mafĩfĩta.

A mafi muhimmanci abubuwan da suka faru na rukunin farko na shekara ɗari 'War

Valois - daular, abin da ya fadi a kan rabo daga wani matsala. A mafi tsanani da sojoji da kuma siyasa da suka faru da ke faruwa a lokacin da ta sarautarsa, ya yi shekara ɗari War. A rikici dade na 116 shekara. Ka yi la'akari da mafi muhimmanci fadace-fadace da kuma abubuwan da suka faru na rukunin farko na shekara ɗari 'War, wanda ya faru a zamanin mulkin Philip VI:

• 1340 - sojan ruwa Battle of Sluis, wanda ƙare tare da cikakken shan kashi na Faransa jiragen ruwa.
• Shekara 1341-1364 - War na Breton jere. Yaƙin ya barke tsakanin kirga na Blois da Montfort. Duk da haka, da rikici ya ba wani gida. A gefe na abokan adawar daga lokaci zuwa lokaci sun Faransa da kuma Birtaniya hukumomi. Aminci aka sanya hannu ne kawai a 1365. A mulkin Duchy na Brittany ya Zhan De Montfort.
• 1346 - Birtaniya kama daga Caen a Normandy sojojin.
• 1347 - da shan kashi na Faransa a yakin Calais.
• 1351 - sanannen "Battle of talatin." Wannan shi ne daya daga cikin mafi muhimmanci fadace-fadace na rukunin farko na shekara ɗari War.

John II da Good Board

John II Good shiga tarihi na Faransa a matsayin kawai kuma jarumi m. The magaji wa Filibus VI ya zo da iko a 1350. John suna girma da balaga da a yaki. Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa, ya dauka Faransa kursiyin, da sabon gwamnan directed duk kokarin lashe shekara ɗari War. John II Good allocates makudan domin maido da sojojin da mayar da oda a cikin kasar. Shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa ya gaji wani unenviable: babban ɓangare na jihar da aka hallaka a lokacin yaki, manyan yankunan da aka mamaye ta Birtaniya, da kuma sojojin da aka sosai raunana.

A 1355, Birtaniya koma yaki da Faransa. Dan Edward III, wanda aka kira da Black Prince, mamaye da yankin abokan gaba. A 1356, Faransa sojojin sha kaye a yakin Poitiers. Lokacin aiki da aka kama John II Good.

A 1360, King koma kasarsa, da barin Turanci a matsayin jingina da ɗansa. Duk da haka, a 'yan shekaru baya gaje, John gudu. Sarkin ya tilasta komawa zuwa London. Jim kadan bayan da ya dawo a Ingila, John II Good mutu.

Karl V Board hikima

Charles V hikima koma Faransa kursiyinsa a 1364. A farkon sarautar daga cikin matasa, sarki yana da fuska da yawa matsaloli: sojojin da aka ci, cikin taskar ne kusan komai, kuma ƙasar lalatar da shekaru masu yawa na yaki. A wannan batun, Charles V fara canza a cikin jama'a gwamnati tsarin. Jigon da ya kawo canji shi ne decentralization na ikon da bullo da wani tsarin na dogon lokaci haraji. Godiya ga sababbin abubuwa a fagen haraji da aka iya mayar da ikon Faransa sojojin.

A 1368 tashin tsakanin Ingila da Faransa an sake maido da. Ta hanyar kwangila da kuma cin hanci da rashawa da aka 'yanci da manyan sassa na jihar. A cikin mallaka na Birtaniya suka kawai Bayonne da Bordeaux.

A zamanin mulkin Charles IX

Carl IX - da penultimate m na Faransa State na Valois daular. Dan Ekateriny Medichi da Henry II. Sarki Charles IX na Faransa ya gangara a tarihi kamar yadda zamanin da addini yaƙe-yaƙe. Sun kasance dogon-tsaye rikici tsakanin Katolika karkashin jagorancin sarauta iyali da kuma Huguenots (Furotesta, mabiya Zhana Kalvina).

Babban taron, wanda aka alama ta sarautar Charles cikin IX, shi ne St. Bartholomew. Yana ya yi sanadin mutuwar dubban Huguenots da dama Faransa birane.

Jim kadan bayan da kisan kiyashin na St. Bartalamawas, a 1574, Sarki Ahab ya mutu. Ya hau zuwa Faransa kursiyin da ɗan'uwansa, Henry III.

Valois - daular, wanda ya bar wani gagarumin alama a cikin tarihi na Faransa. Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa, yake magana akan wannan sarauta gidan ya tuna da Sarauniya Margot.

A rabo daga Sarauniya Margot

Margarita Valua shiga tarihi na Faransa a matsayin Koroleva Margo. Mene ne makomar wannan gagarumar mace?

Margarita Valua shi ne auta ya Ekateriny Medichi da Henry II. Shimfiɗar jariri, da kuma samartaka yarinya zo da wuya lokaci na Faransa tarihi - zamanin da addini yaƙe-yaƙe. A 1572, matasa Margaret aka aure su daya daga cikin Protestant shugabannin - Henry na Bourbon. M bikin aure wakilan da kishiya iyalan ƙare da mummunan taron a tarihin na da Faransa - St. Bartholomew da dare. Margaret gudanar ya ajiye rayuwa mijinta da kuma 'yan Huguenots. Ekaterina Medichi miƙa yarinya a kashe aure da Henry na Navarre, amma ta ki. Bayan 'yan shekaru na aure har yanzu an narkar da Paparoma saboda childlessness Margarita.