Tarihi na Maya Plisetskaya - babban dan wasan Rasha

Maya Mihailovna Plisetskaya mai girma ballerina da mace mai ban mamaki. Abin da kawai ya bayyana an bayar da shi: allahntaka, wanda ba shi da iyaka, wanda ya zama dan wasa, "jariri, ƙarfin hali da kuma gaba-gaba" (ingancin wakilin Faransa mai suna AF Ersen). Kuma duk wannan shi ne game da ita.

An haifi mayafin mai yiwuwa Maya Plisetskaya a Moscow ranar 20 ga watan Nuwamban 1925. Mahaifiyarsa ita ce fim din mai suna Rachel Messeser-Plisetskaya da kuma jami'in diflomasiyyar Mikhail Plisetskiy. An kashe mahaifinsa kuma an harbe shi a 1937, kuma a 1938, an tsare mahaifi da dan ƙarami a Butyrka. Mahaifiyar Sulamith Messesser ta haifa Maya ne, kuma dan uwansa Asaf Messesser. Dukansu biyu sun kasance masu rawa.

Ka fara tarihin Maya Plisetskaya a matsayin dan bidiyo a lokacin da yake da shekaru 9, lokacin da yarinyar ta zama dalibi na Makarantar Choreography na Moscow. Nan da nan sai ta janye hankalin malamai tare da irin abubuwan da ke tattare da shi na jiki, ka'idoji da kuma dabi'un dabi'a don wasan kwaikwayo. An ba da ita ga matsayi mafi girma a ayyukan samar da ilimi.

A lokacin yakin, ta kammala karatu daga makaranta kuma ranar 1 ga watan Afrilun shekarar 1943 ya zama dan wasan kwaikwayo na Bolshoi Theatre. Tarihi Maya Plisetskaya a cikin Big ba kullum santsi. Da farko an sanya shi a cikin wasan kwaikwayo, duk da cewa, a matsayin dalibi, sai ta yi rawar jiki a bangare na reshe na babban gidan wasan kwaikwayon kasar. Daga nan sai yaron ya fara karatun kide-kide. A wannan lokacin, an haife ta "Sying Swan" (Saint-Saens), lambar kambi na mai rawa a cikin rayuwar rayuwa. Game da wasan kwaikwayo na wannan rawa, Plisetskaya ya ce: "Yana da muhimmanci a yi rawa da kiɗa, ba kiɗa ba."

A karo na farko a manyan jam'iyyun a filin wasan kwaikwayo na Bolshoi, Maya Plisetskaya ya bayyana a matsayin Masha a cikin Nutcracker (Musical Tchaikovsky) a 1942. Gaskiya ne, wannan shine maye gurbin waƙar mawaƙa, amma godiya ga wannan rawar da ta lura. Ba da daɗewa ba wanda ya fara ba da gudummawa a cikin wasan kwaikwayo: "Giselle" (na farko daga cikin jeeps da Mirta, 1944), Fashin Jarida a Cinderella da Prokofiev (1945), babban aikin Raymond Glazunov (1945), Odette-Odile a "Swan Lake" na Tchaikovsky. An lura da tarihin Maya Plisetskaya ta hanyar ambaci cewa wannan rawar ya zama tsakiyar ba kawai a cikin aikinta ba, amma a cikin dukkanin litattafan gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Bolshoi. Dukkan shugabannin gwamnatocin kasashen waje, shugabanni da sarakuna an kawo su zuwa "Swan Lake" tare da Plisetskaya a matsayin take. Dukan duniya sun san wannan aikin, kuma masu sauraro suka sayi tikiti a nan da nan bayan sun karanta a kan labaran da aka rubuta: "Maya Plisetskaya."

Tarihin ta a matsayin mai kararrawa ya ci gaba da sauri: Zarema a "Bakhchisarai Fountain" (Musical Asafiev), Tsar-girl a cikin "Humpbacked Horse" (Pugni Musical), da dama raga a cikin "Don Quixote" (music of Minkus).

Ta aka ba sunan wani da-cancanci farko, sa'an nan da jama'ar kasar Artist na Tarayyar Soviet.

Abin takaici, tarihin Maya Plisetskaya (gaskiyar cewa ita ta samo asali ne daga dangin abokan gaba na mutane) na dogon lokaci ya zama wata matsala ta tafiye-tafiye a waje. Kuma gidan wasan kwaikwayon Bolshoi ya yi tafiya ba tare da farar fata ba. Ba sai 1959, lokacin da godiya ga kokarin da mijinta, mawaki Rodion Shchedrin (da suka yi aure a shekarar 1958, da kuma ci gaba da zama mai farin ciki iyali har yanzu), da ta kasance ta farko ya dauki bangare a cikin wani yawon shakatawa na USA.

Wani "rawar rayuwa" mai suna Maya Plisetskaya za a iya kira Carmen daga "Carmen Suite" (1967). Shchedrin ya wallafa waƙar nan da aka rubuta ta tarihin shahararrun wasan kwaikwayon Bizet, wanda aka shirya ta Cuban choreographer Alberto Alonso. A karo na farko, masu sauraro na Moscow sun ga wani rawa mai ba da launin fata ba a kan safa ta ba, amma a kan cikakkiyar ƙafa. Ayyukan, kamar kowane sabon abu, ba a karbe su nan da nan ba. Da farko, aka zargi Plisetskaya na "cin amana da gagarumin wasan kwaikwayon", amma a tsawon lokaci, wasan kwaikwayon ya samu nasara ba kawai daga namu ba, har ma daga al'ummar Mutanen Espanya, wanda yake da mahimmanci ga maƙarƙashiyar da mai taka rawa.

A ƙarshen shekarun tamanin da farkon farkon shekaru ninni, lokacin da ƙasar ta sauya yawancin, Maya Plisetskaya ya fara aiki a Italiya da Spain. A Moscow, ta zama shugaban kasar Ballet na Rasha. Mutane da yawa sun ziyarta kuma sun yi aiki a kan gayyata ga masu zane-zane a duniya.

Yanzu Maija Mikhailovna yana zaune mafi yawa a kasashen waje, a Jamus. An ba ta kyauta da yawa daga kasashen waje da na Rasha. Game da finafinan fina-finai da aka harba, an rubuta littattafai, an yi wasan kwaikwayo ta yadda ta yi yawan waƙa. Tana da shekaru 88, amma tana cike da kullun, mai kaifin baki da kyau.