Su-35 Feature. A Su-35: Bayani dalla-dalla, jirgin saman soja photo. Comparative halaye na Su-35 da kuma F-22

A 2003, da Sukhoi Design ofishin ya kaddamar da matakin na biyu na zamani da Su-27 faɗa jirgin sama don ƙirƙirar da Su-35. A halaye samu a kan aiwatar da zamani, zai baka damar kiran shi 4 ++ tsara jirgin saman soja, wanda ke nufin matsakaicin kimantawa damar zuwa jirgin sama na biyar tsara PAK FA.

Fage zane

A farkon shekarun 1980s, yayin da Su-27 ya ƙware kawai ta Soviet Air Force, ta janar zanen Pavel Sukhoi ya shirya samar da modernized version. Asalinsu kaddamarda matsayin Su-27M, shi aka sanye take da ƙwarai inganta avionics, wanda ya ba da dalilin yi la'akari da shi mafi kyau jirgin saman soja a lokacin. An kuma sanye take da wani iri-iri na makamai da kuma mafi hadaddun, wanda a yarda da Su-27M (cm. A cikin photo kasa) yin ayyuka da kuma kayar da ƙasa hari.

A sabunta hanyoyin version halin da jam'i na canje-canje a aerodynamics, avionics, gina ikon shuke-shuke, da kuma ma yana da wani ƙara iya aiki. High-ƙarfi kumshin kayan da aluminum-lithium gami da aka yi amfani da su rage nauyi da kuma kara man fetur ajiye.

A Su-27M aka sanye take da wani jet engine tare da wata dirka 125 kN, da iko fiye da da Su-27. A shirin na zamanintar da Su-27 da aka kaddamarda 'Su-35BM ", inda da haruffa nufi" babban inganci ". Yawa sanya a cikin lokaci kunshi zamani jirgin sama da kuma Su-35, halaye da muhimmanci wuce ta farko samfur Su-27M.

m zamani

aikin for jirgin saman soja samar aka kaddamar a 2003 cike da rata tsakanin modernized version na Su-27M da Su-30MK fama abin hawa da kuma na biyar-tsara PAK FA. A manufar aikin na biyu na zamani na airframe na Su-27 (Saboda haka nau'ukanta matsayin 4 ++ tsara jirgin saman soja), don haka da cewa halaye na Su-35 corresponded zuwa matakin aiwatar a kan PAK FA. Bugu da kari, da jirgin sama da aka kamata ya zama wani zabi ga iyali na Su-30 a fitar da kaya.

A ci gaba da jirgin sama ya ci gaba har shekarar 2007, lokacin da ta zama wadata don sayarwa. Da ɗan baya, da Sukhoi Design Ofishin aka sanar da cewa, shirin ne da halittar Su-35 da aka kaddamar saboda damuwar cewa PAK FA aikin iya fuskantar wani karancin kudade.

Ana ɗaukaka a kwance wutsiya

Halaye na Su-35 cikin sharuddan da airframe hada da yawa bambance-bambance daga Su-27M, ko da yake sama-sama da jirgin sama rike da wani karfi kama da wanda ya riga.

Daya daga cikin bayãnin hukuncin fasali na airframe Su-27M tana da nata irin yi makirci iko da irin "duck", wanda damar da jirgin sama zuwa tashi a iyakar kwana na kama zuwa 120 °. A wannan makirci a kwance wutsiya jirgin sama - cakosoban lif - An located a gaban fukafukinsa.

Duk da haka, tare da wannan tsari, a kwance wutsiya jirgin nuna daga surface na radar siginar da aka samu ya fi girma fiye da na al'ada makirci bayan da fuka-fuki. Wannan facilitates ganewa na jirgin sama. Saboda haka, da zamani radars for unobtrusive jirage (F-22 Raptor, PAK FA da Su-35) da gargajiya tsari na kwance wutsiya - bayan da fuka-fuki. Domin kiyaye amfanin da yin amfani da canards, su, tare da primary gashinsa na fuka-fuki ne har yanzu baya da kuma juya sassan sag a kan fuka-fuki.

Abin da sabon da aka kawo game da ta da wadannan canje-canje a cikin bayyanar da Su-35? Halaye (photo kasa ya nuna bambance-bambance na bayyanar daga Su-27M) ya tabbatar faɗa jirgin sama kamar yadda kusa da 5th tsara, sai dai duk da haka mafi girma ta radar sa hannu kuma babu aiki Airborne radar.

Sauran airframe inganta

Halayyar SU-35 cikin sharuddan da braking Hanyar bambanta daga Su-27M airbrake rashi (panel). SU-35 hanawa Hanyar kunshi a gaskiyar cewa ta rudders zubar a raya sassa na biyu a tsaye fins lokacin da takardar deflected a daban-daban kwatance, da kuma cewa Halicci retarding karfi. Sauran nata irin inganta sun hada da rage tsawo na tsaye stabilizer, da karami protrusion gini, kuma ta conductive shafi ne mai rufi ya rufe fuska da irradiating jirgin radar.

Ƙarfafa airframe karko samu ta hanyar da m amfani da titanium gami, wanda ya karu da rai to game da shekaru 30 na aikin a mafi girma iyakar takeoff nauyin 34.5 tons. Ciki man fetur iya aiki da aka karu da fiye da 20% zuwa 11.5 ton da za a iya tãyar da 14.5 ton saboda ƙarin tankuna.

Advanced Avionics

Sukhoi ya yi duk abin da ya halaye na Su-35 cikin sharuddan avionics ne kawai da kyau kwarai. The aiki na duk raka'a da kuma jirgin sama na'urorin kulawa management bayanai tsarin, sanye take da biyu a kan-jirgin kwakwalwa. Yana tattara da kuma tafiyar matakai data daga daban-daban dabara da kuma jirgin kula da tsarin da kuma gabatar da dacewa bayanai zuwa matukin jirgin via biyu main multifunction nuni (MFD), wanda tare da uku sakandare Matuka jirgin MFD form gilashi. A jirgin sama na da yawa wasu updates to ta avionics da kuma tsarin lantarki, ciki har da mara waya ta dijital jirgin kula da tsarin, da kuma matukin jirgin ne ke bayar da wani kwalkwali-saka bayanai allo da dare hangen nesa fitattun idanu.

Radar da niyya tsarin

A wannan ɓangare na halayyar da Su-35 ya hada da gaban radar "Irbis" m phased tsararru eriya, wanda shi ne wani muhimmin bangaren da wuta kula da tsarin na jirgin sama. Radar iya gane m manufa yanki Q3. m a nesa na 400 km, kuma zai iya samar da niyya to 30 iska hari, da kuma kai da takwas daga cikinsu.

A radar ne iya wasa da kyau kamar yadda a taswirar duniya, ta amfani da dama halaye, ciki har da budewa kira yanayin. Radar "Irbis" ne complemented da optronic sighting tsarin cewa yana amfani da da ayyuka na wani Laser rangefinder, TV, infrared injimin gano illa dalilai.

Aircraft makamai

Abin da makamai zai iya kawo jirgin saman soja Su-35? Details na makamai da tsarin unsa da amfani da wani jam'i na makami mai linzami-type "iska-to-air" kusa da na nesa range, daidaici da kuma unguided makaman type "iska-da-kasa", wanda ya hada da makamai masu linzami, da bama-bamai da kuma fashewar kewaye al'ada da bama-bamai. Matsakaicin amfani load Gun - 8 ton, wanda za a iya canjawa wuri zuwa goma sha huɗu hardpoints. A jirgin saman soja iya amfani da makamai masu linzami da kewayon 300 km.

jirgin saman soja injuna

SU-35 da biyu daga jet injuna, da dirka vector wanda aka sarrafawa a cikin wannan jirgin sama. Wannan engine ne a Saukake version of propulsion kamar "Saturn-117" biyar tsara jirgin saman soja PAK FA. Its dirka da aka kiyasta a 145 kN, 20 kN fiye da Su-27M. Ya na da rayuwa na 4000 hours. A biyu daga jirgin sama injuna yana da ikon sarrafa da resultant dirka vector. Kowace daga cikin dirka vectors bututun ƙarfe na da juyawa axis karkata zuwa tsaye jirgin sama. Kamar wancan ne da karkacewa daga kowane bututun ƙarfe dirka vector za a iya wakilta a sakamakon deflection na bututun ƙarfe a cikin shugabanci zuwa ƙasa-gida da kuma sama-waje. Idan biyu nozzles vector dirka deflected synchronously sarrafa matsayi na jirgin sama ne kawai da farar kwana, amma daban-daban sabawa vectors tunkuɗa su nozzles za a iya sarrafawa da kuma malã'iku na yaw kuma yi. Wannan kula da tsarin da aka ma da za'ayi a kan wani jirgin saman soja PAK-FA.

Engine damar SU 35 zuwa kai tsaye supersonic gudun ba tare da afterburner. Radio-mamaye shafi ne amfani da engine sassa don rage nuna radar sigina daga cikin jirgin sama.

Comparative halaye na Su-35 da kuma F-22

Don kwanan wata, a duniya kawai dauka a cikin sabis jirgin saman soja 5 ga watan tsara ne US F-22 Raptor. Kamar yadda aka sani, da "Stealth" fasahar aiwatar a ta zane da kuma samar da radar stealth jirgin sama, ta dogara ne a kan dokoki biyu:

• imparting airframe musamman tsara lissafi siffar da bayar da wani nuna radar alama a wani shugabanci daura da ta shugabanci na zuwa.
• watsi (sha) na radar siginar makamashi a cikin kayan da ke cikin jirgin surface ga manufar attenuation to irin wannan matakin da cewa ganewa na nuna alama zama da kamar wuya.

A cewar Amirka data nuna ikon da F-22 jirgin saman soja daidai da wata golf ball, bisa ga Rasha data, shi ne 0.3-0.4 m ^2. Don kwatanta, a MIG-29 shi ne daidai 5 m ^2, da kuma Su-27 - 12 m ^2. Ko zai yiwu, a kalla a cikin part, don cimma yi "Raptor" a kan Su-35? Features (kwatanta su da F-22 da aka ba a kasa) Rasha jirgin sama da damar mu mu bayyana m fata a wannan batun.

Rasha injiniyoyin da masana kimiyya sun ɓullo da kayan da dabarun da significantly rage reflectivity na Su-35. Rasha masana kimiyya sun halitta ilmin lissafi kayan aikin yin lissafi da watsi da electromagnetic taguwar ruwa ta jikin hadaddun sanyi, kamar Su-35, watse su a cikin karami fuskoki da kuma ƙara effects na baki da kuma tãguwar ruwa surface igiyoyin. Antennas aka kera dabam sa'an nan kuma kara ga dukan lissafi model.

sabon rediyo mamaye abu, abin da ya rufe da jirgin sama injuna da aka ɓullo. Yana bai hana icing tsarin aiki da za su iya jure high-gudun iska ya kwarara da kuma yawan zafin jiki zuwa 200 ° C. Radio mamaye Layer 0.7-1.4 mm m ne amfani da surface na injuna da kuma gaban-mataki low-matsa lamba kwampreso amfani da wani robotic SPRAY tsarin.

A Su-35 kuma an sarrafa gini da ta nuna radar tãguwar ruwa, rage taimako ga image intensifier tube daga karfe taksi aka gyara. Rasha fasahar da aka ɓullo da wani tsari na jini shaida na alternating yadudduka na karfe da kuma robobi. A wannan hanya da shafi da aka halitta, wanda tubalan electromagnetic taguwar ruwa na mitar rediyo, shi ne resistant zuwa fatattaka da kuma ba ya jinkirta da hasken rana zafi a cikin gida.

Hakika, duk wadannan ayyukan suna kawai m halaye na da Su-35 da damar da Raptor F-22, amma ba su m. Wannan parity (da kuma watakila ma magabaci) za a yi bayan al'amurra a Rasha jirgin saman soja na 5th tsara PAK FA.

Amma ga sauran jirgin halaye, su kwatanta da SU-35 da kuma F-22 yana da wadannan hoto. Jirgin kasar Rasha ta hudu mita dogon (21.9 m vs. 18.9 m) da kuma kusan daya mita sama (5.9 m v. 5,09 m) tare da mafi American wingspan (14.75 m vs. 13.6 m). A taro na Su-35 (blank) ne kusan daidai da taro na F-22 (19 500 kg zuwa 19 700 kilo), amma matsakaicin taro na "American" biyu da rabi ton mafi (34 500 kg zuwa 38 000 kilo). A iyakar gudu na biyu jirgin sama ne kusan guda - game 2400-2500 km / h, kazalika da hannayensu-on dagawa sama - 20,000 m.

Amma jirgin kewayon da Su-35 da biyu drop tankuna dogaye (4,600 km da 2960 km) ba tare da wani "bushewa" tankuna ma zai tashi a kan "Raptor" (3600 km da 3220 km).