Steroids - abin da yake da shi? Shirye-shirye na glucocorticosteroids: alamomi, contraindications

Steroids - abin da yake da shi? Hada bawo na adrenal hormones da kuma roba kwayoyi kungiyar tare da babban m da magani aka bai wa sunan. A rayuwar yau da kullum da suke tsare a matsayin steroids. The yiwuwar Topical aikace-aikace na wadannan hormones ya rage muhimmanci hadarin kowa illa. Roba glucocorticoids hana ci gaban kumburi a jikinsa.

iri glucocorticosteroids

Glucocorticoids, kamar cortisol, cortisone da corticosterone - halitta steroid hormones na adrenal bawo. Su main fitarwa daidai da na circadian kari. A lambar tana kasaftawa a dagagge bukatun jiki a cikin wadannan ji ba gani. Sun tashi daga progesterone a cikin katako da kuma raga Layer na adrenal bawo. A jini da aka hawa ta hanyar transcortin. Glucocorticoids aiki via kwayuka rabe. Su shafar metabolism na carbohydrates, sunadaran da fats. Wadannan hormones kuma hana kumburi tafiyar matakai, don haka ya kira anti-kumburi steroids. Suna bukatar cin nasara da tsananin gajiya a cikin jikin mutum.

Roba siffofin da hormones

Roba steroids - abin da yake da shi? Kamar yadda warkewa jamiái amfani glucocorticoids (corticosteroids), roba, da aka sani colloquially matsayin steroid. Suna da ƙarfi anti-kumburi aiki fiye da na halitta mahadi.

A pharmacological far - yafi a matsayin anti-mai kumburi da kwayoyi, akalla - kamar yadda wani anti-rashin lafiyan da immunosuppressive magani amfani steroids. Su yi amfani da a lura da prevalent a lokacin da adrenal insufficiency. Su main mataki ne hanawa na kumburi halayen, watau. E. A tarewa phospholipase A _2, wadda take kaiwa zuwa rage samar da kumburi shiga tsakani.

Matsayin mai mulkin, da misali kashi na miyagun ƙwayoyi amfani da hormone far cewa ba sa bayyanar tsanani illa. Zai fi kyau dauki wadannan kwayoyi a guda sashi daidai da physiological kari na cortisol mugunya a cikin jiki, wato, a cikin farkon rabin yini. Glucocorticosteroid far unshi da hankali rage a cikin kashi gudanar hormones a karshe mataki na magani (don kauce wa atrophy na adrenal bawo).

Steroids za a iya gudanar da baki, da kuma m yanayi (a gaban wata barazana ga rayuwa) - a cikin irin allura ko jiko intravenously. Su yi amfani da dole ne a sarrafawa, watau. E. amfani ne kawai a lokacin da akwai fili a tsare ta wannan shaida, shan la'akari da yiwu illa. Allurai ya kamata a zabi akayi daban-daban ga kowane haƙuri, da suka kamata a canza dangane da tsananin cutar.

Steroids amfani a dermatology

Adrenocortical hormones mallaka anti-mai kumburi, immunosuppressive da antipruritic sakamako. Suna amfani da ko'ina a dermatology for fata cututtuka. Topical steroids - jamiái alaka da aka fi amfani da kwayoyi don lura da dermatological cututtuka. Su za a iya amfani musamman a lura da:

• eczema.
• dermatitis.
• erythema.

Maganin shafawa tare da glucocorticosteroids amfani da magani na psoriasis. Har ila yau, domin kau da bayyanar cututtuka na kumburi da kuma itching da fata amfani da mala'iku, creams, lotions. Taya dauke da steroids suna shawarar don amfani a kan fatar kan mutum. Kamar yadda da ci gaba da magani, da kuma a rare lokuta, da yin amfani da steroidal jamiái, shi ne fin so su yi amfani da weaker kwayoyi (ga hana illa).

Steroids da magani na numfashi tsarin

Hormonal jamiái na duk kwayoyi amfani da magani daga Bronchial kumburi da ya fi ban mamaki sakamako. Bayan da gabatarwar ne rage mucosal edema da gamsai mugunya, ya mayar da al'ada Bronchial epithelium. Gabatarwa da steroids a cikin jiki damuarn marigayi lokaci na alerji, kazalika ya karu Bronchial martani. rarrabe:

1. Steroids a cikin nau'i na inhalation anesthetics. Su ne mafi fĩfĩta nau'i na da miyagun ƙwayoyi domin yin amfani da magani daga dukkan siffofin asma.
2. Corticosteroids, amfani a cikin nau'i na injections cikin jini tsarin. Wannan irin aka yi amfani ne kawai ga mai tsanani fuka lokacin da wasu magani hanyoyin sun gaza.
3. Steroids na baka gwamnati, kuma za a iya amfani da gajere magani a lokacin exacerbations da cutar.

Steroids da magani daga rheumatoid cututtuka

A wajen amfani magance rheumatism, suna steroids. Mene ne shi, kuma abin da kwayoyi suna amfani da su bi rheumatism, dauki kusa look. Rheumatoid cutar da ake iyakance a cikin magani tsari. Steroid kwayoyi iya amfani ne kawai ga wani gajeren lokaci. Duk da haka, da suka sukan yi amfani da yaki da manifestations zazzabi (a lokacin kunnawa da cutar). Kwayoyi a cikin wannan kungiya suna kuma amfani da magani na kumburi da gidajen abinci na kashin baya. Glucocorticosteroids da ya fi na kowa aikace-aikace da magani daga rheumatic cututtuka:

• prednisone, prednisolone, akalla - deksamitazon (p.o.).
• metilprednizon, betamethasone.

Glucocorticoids da su darajar a hematological cututtuka

Glucocorticosteroids (cortisone, prednisone, prednisolone, dexamethasone) ne a kungiyar na fi amfani da immunosuppressive kwayoyi ga cututtuka na hematopoietic tsarin. Its pathogenesis ne yiwu kumburi halayen da kuma autoimmune mamaki. Prednisone, kuma a cikin tsanani lokuta - metilprednizon aka yi amfani da intravenously da magani daga anemia dangantawa da thrombocytopenia. Steroids za a iya amfani da wani propensity zuwa jini, kamar yadda suka kai ga wani karuwa a platelet count.

Steroids da adrenal insufficiency

A cikin hali na cuta "hypoadrenalism" amfani da roba glucocorticosteroids. Mene ne shi, abin da cututtuka bayyana kansu a cikin cuta? An farko alaka rage samar da corticoid hormones (Addison ta cutar). Corticosteroids suna amfani da magani daga m ko na kullum adrenal insufficiency. Saboda kwayoyi - cortisol (ko gidrokortizol).

Glucocorticosteroids da rashin lafiyan halayen

A lura da rashin lafiyan halayen ana kuma amfani da steroids. Irin wannan jiyya iya za'ayi a matsakaici bayyanar cututtuka na yanayi rashin lafiyan rhinitis, conjunctivitis da urticaria ko da kumburi halayen alaka cizon kwari. Don hana kōmōwa na anaphylactic halayen ana amfani da kullum, hydrocortisone (200 MG IV) ko prednisolone (20 MG intravenously). Kuma mafi mashahuri da kwayoyi, dauka a wata sanyi, sa allergies ne: flunisolid da fluticasone, wanda taimakawa wajen mafi m kau na hanci cunkoso.

A gefen sakamakon steroids

Daban-daban halayen faruwa saboda da mataki a kan m tsarin da metabolism lokacin dauka adrenocortical ji ba gani. A hadarin illa qara lokacin da kwayoyi a cikin wannan kungiya suna amfani da na dogon lokaci, ko da a babban allurai. Su irin, mita da kuma mai tsanani dogara ga mafi girma har a kan irin miyagun ƙwayoyi.

Na gefen sakamakon corticosteroids ne:

• da tadawa na jini glucose (steroids iya rage insulin mataki).
• ƙãra hadarin tasowa ciwon sukari.
• karin hadarin ciki miki da duodenal miki.
• osteoporosis da kuma ci gaban retardation na yara.
• Cushing ta ciwo.
• tabin hankali cuta (rashin barci, yanayi swings, manic-ciki, schizophrenia).
• seizures a marasa lafiya tare da epilepsy.
• adrenal insufficiency.
• hauhawar jini.

Har ila yau, da yin amfani da glucocorticoid kwayoyi a manyan allurai inganta candidiasis da na baka rami da kuma hanci sinus, bushe baki, hoarseness, tari, zub da jini na mucous membranes.