Calandra Lark: description, abinci mai gina jiki, haifuwa

Calandra Lark (dzhurbay) - shi ne mai kananan tsuntsu, wanda shi ne babban singer. A lokaci guda a mafi yawan lokuta suna da launin bane lãka-m maras ban sha'awa sautin. Yadu rarraba tsuntsãye, mafi yawa inhabiting bude sarari: matakan da fadamun, treeless gangara kuma Semi-hamada tuddai da duwatsu. Su wuya zauna a kan rassan bushes da itatuwa. Dalili na su rage cin abinci kunshi abinci a lokacin rani mafi yawa Semi-cikakke tsaba daban-daban ciyawa da kwari. A cikin hunturu, suka ciyar a kan tsaba.

filin ãyõyi

Calandra Lark - shi ne babba, da girman da starling tsuntsu. A adadi na ta m, stocky. Kaya "Zhavoronkova" a kan kowane gefe na amfanin gona yana da babban baki tabo, wani lokacin su rufe. Kasa slabopyatnisty tsuntsaye, fari. Fikafikai m tare da duhu ja rufi, da kuma raya baki da haske iyaka, musamman m lokacin takeoff. A baki ne mai haske da kuma farin ciki.

Samu a cikin filayen da kuma matakan. Wani lokaci waka yayin da zaune a kan wani daji, ko a ƙasa, amma mafi yawa - tashi a tsawon mita 10, a hankali yakan tashi, ta kwatanta baka. Song sonorous da hadaddun. Yana ji wani laifin "chrrr" da kuma Whistler, bayyananne "Clear". Ya kwaikwayi muryar wasu sauran tsuntsu: sito hadiye, wani Lark, linnet, Reed warbler, Badger, shẽwa gopher, herbalist, daban-daban da sauran sautuna.

launi

Calandra Lark yana da wani asali launi brownish-m ya dafa. A na baya na wuyansa, kafadu da gaban da baya gashinsa ne duhu da haske ocher nastvolyami gefuna.

Dark nastvolya a nadhvoste sosai m. Rufe kananan reshe greyish-kasa-kasa da launi, da manyan matsakaici - duhu launin ruwan kasa, matasa sake ocher ko kodadde m gefuna. A iyakar da sakandare jirgin gashinsa da haske, kusan farin aibobi. Tuƙi matsananci fari tushe da ciki webs ruwan kasa; da gefen biyu biyu tare da farin gefuna fadi, duk na sauran - fari da kananan spots; duk sakandare biyu launin ruwan kasa, monochromatic.

A underparts ne fari da tsuntsaye. A gefe na shugaban grayish-kasa-kasa launukansa. a kan idanu yana da wani haske gira. By kuma manyan baki tabo a kowane gefe na amfanin gona. Babban ɓangare na kirji da goiter tare da duhu launin ruwan kasa da grayish zane. Gray gefe kamar yadda underwings, kawai a baya yana fari bakuna. Duhu Brown Iris. Kafafu da kuma baki kodadde ruwan kasa.

mazauninsu

Calandra Lark herbivorous zaune, kamar yadda sunan ya nuna, a cikin bude steppe sarari, wanda yana da kyau-ɓullo da ciyawa murfin.

Tsuntsãye rayuwa a cikin wadannan kasashen: Albania, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Algeria, Bulgaria, Afghanistan, Girka, Bosnia da Herzegovina, Misira, Georgia, Jordan, Isra'ila, Iran, Iraq, Italiya, Spain, Cyprus, Kazakhstan, Lebanon, Kyrgyzstan, Macedonia, Libya, Moldova, Morocco, Portugal, Palestine, Romania, Rasha Federation, Serbia, Saudi Arabia, Slovenia, Syria, Tunisia, Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, Croatia, France, Montenegro.

abinci

Kamar dukan sauran larks, a lokacin rani Calandra Lark ciyarwa musamman kan dabba abinci. Yana ciyarwa, da sauri gudãna a cikin ƙasar, kuma sklevyvaya duk da cewa shi zai fada a cikin ciyawa da ƙasa. Wani lokaci sai ya rika reshe da kuma nazarin saman sarƙaƙƙiya. Ya manyan baki ne sau da yawa tam shafe tare da laka. Wannan shi ne saboda da cewa shi yake bada daga ƙasa kananan kwari larvae. Baki da shi kuma iya warware ta hanyar garin kankara ɓawon burodi na snow, yayin da daga karkashin shi, don samar da ciyawa tsaba.

Calandra Lark omnivorous. Ya ci manyan kwari - copra, da fãra, da ballads, da dai sauransu Na sauran kwari ne mafi kusantar su darkling beetles, weevils, weevils, leaf beetles, Olenka, hatsi beetles, kazalika da mahaya, kwari, ƙudan zuma, wasps, tururuwa da sauransu. Bugu da kari, gizo-gizo - shi ma wani fi so bi da tsuntsu Calandra Lark. Ikon da shi, kamar yadda muka gani, shi ne sosai m. Fiye da wasu, ya ci Orthoptera, saboda su tsari ne mafi bambancin. A daidai wannan lokaci shi ci kadan kwari, scarab, beetles, caterpillars da kuma tururuwa.

haifuwa

Yanzu jirgin da kuma tsarkakewa dade daga watan Maris zuwa tsakiyar watan Yuli. A wannan yanayin, na farko masonry aka alama ta Zhdanov Borovikov a marigayi Maris. Masonry kuma sami har tsakiyar watan Yuni.

Kamar sauran larks, gida take a karkashin wani daji ciyawa a cikin rami, mai inuwa da masks. Yana da aka gina daga bushe ganye da kuma mai tushe na ciyawa da kuma bakin ciki asalinsu. Kamar yadda ya saba, na ciki Layer hada thinner kayan. Lokaci-lokaci, shi ne located in a bushe tari na doki taki. The kama na iya zama yafi qwai 5, wani lokacin 6 guda. Qwai ne quite duhu, greenish ko kashe-fari tushe launi da dama zaitun ko brownish, dan kadan Heart spots, wanda ake thickened zuwa m karshen.

Daya mace incubates da qwai goma sha shida kwanaki. A wannan yanayin, da ciyar da gida yana game da kwanaki goma.

Just bar gida nestlings faruwa daga tsakiyar watan Mayu har Yuli, a lokacin da ya bayyana nagari nomadic garkunan tumaki da cewa ciyar a kan tattaka steppes, da kuma rickety hanyoyi tare da sauran larks. A lokacin rani marigayi, akwai babbar garkunan tsuntsaye - 200 jinsunan. Hijira haka ci gaba har sai da marigayi kaka. Sau da yawa, suka ƙara har zuwa wani real fall jirgin. Wadannan mamaye fakitin za a iya samu a kudancin yankin. Nomadic dabbobinsu a kaka ne sosai m. A lokaci guda a cikin mai kyau weather larks raira waƙa da kuma karu har zuwa matsayin da spring, tare da song.

moult

A manya, larks, kamar sauran, moult ya auku ne kawai sau daya a shekara, a kusa da watan Agusta. Kajin ne underdeveloped gashin tsuntsu cover, wanda aka maye gurbinsu a cikin gida na farko gashinsa ake maye gurbinsu a nuna ta fall na farko "adult", wani tsanani kaya.

ƙarfi

Calandra Lark - wani "wuri mai faɗi" m tsuntsu. Ya settles a nesa na kamar wata ɗari mita daga biyu, ba tare da wani fiye da 2 ma'aurata a kan 1 kadada na ƙasar.