Rasha-Turkish yaki na 1735-1739 gg.: Dalilin, sakamakon

A cikin XVIII karni, da babban kashi na hujja a tsakanin Rasha da kuma Turkey ya Krymskoe Hanstvo. Tatars bayyana a kai a kai a cikin Cossack yankuna, wanda ya jagoranci zuwa makawa rikice-rikice. A May 1735 a St. Petersburg zo labarai cewa sojojin Khan haye Rasha kan iyaka don samun to Farisa. Wannan ya dalilin isa ya bayyana wani yaki tare da Turkey (Crimean Tatars sun ta vassals).

kari Leontiev

A wannan lokacin, Anna Ivanovna Rasha mulki (1730 - 1740). Jim kadan kafin barkewar rikicin da Ottoman Empire da dakarunta suka shiga Poland, don tallafa wa gwagwarmayar kursiyin da na gida Elector watan Agusta. Gangamin jagorancin fi so na Empress Munnich. Wannan ya samu wani sakon waya daga babban birnin kasar, a cikin abin da Anna ya nema don zuwa Jamus sojoji a kudancin kasar. Haka abin ya fara a Rasha-Turkish yaki na 1735 - 1739 shekaru.

Munnich yanke shawarar jira har sai da hunturu da farko na sanyi weather don fara da kewaye na Azov - wani muhimmin sansanin soja, domin wanda ya yi yaƙi tukuna Peter I. A watan Satumba, na fi so da barorinsa lafiya tare da zazzabi. Saboda wannan, ya canza ya tsare-tsaren da kuma aika Janar Leontiev a Crimea.

A rundunansa kuwa game da 40 da mutane dubu da dama bindigogi. Duk da haka, babu nasara, ya bai cimma. Kaka ruwa sama sosai da kuma mudslides sun taka zamba a kan shi. A cikin sojojin, da farko na cutar da kuma taro mutuwar dawakai. Rasa 9000 mutane, Leontyev suka dawo tare da kome ba. Rasha-Turkish yaki na 1735 - 1739 shekaru. Yana fara tare da saba bungling darajoji da kuma kasawa.

A kewaye da Azov

Sansanin soja na St. Anne - to sojojin ya fi sauƙi ga gudanar fama ayyukan a cikin kusanci da Azov, wucin gadi tushe da aka gina da nisan kilomita 30 daga nan. Minich zo nan a watan Maris 1736. A karshen watan da shi fara kewaye, wanda aka tsara domin cinya makiya. Turks suna talauci shirya irin wannan wani eventuality, kuma kusan ba tare da wani yaki, mãsu sallamãwa ne duk da kewaye garun.

Duk da haka, da Rasha generals da yawa wawa abubuwa. Alal misali, a watan Afrilu, Count Petr Lassi aka umurce su da su je a karkashin na Azov, su shiga a cikin shugabanci na fada. Ya kasance a cikin irin wannan sauri, cewa ya tare da shi kawai wani kankanin tawagar da dozin Cossacks. Next zuwa zabibi (birni a cikin zamani Kharkiv yankin), da ya kai hari da wani gungu Tatars. A detachment aka warwatsa, da kuma janar kansa kawai da'awar kafafu.

Bar Azov Turks

A May ya zo da Azov Rasha rundujar soja masu dawaki, bayan da Don. Jirãge kawo sabon manyan bindigogi. Daga wannan lokaci kan game da 40 bindigogi yau da kullum kora a kan sansanin soja. Daya harsashi buga gunpowder sito, saboda abin da ya faru a wata babbar fashewar da ya hallaka] aruruwan gidaje da kashe fiye da ɗari uku da mazaunanta.

Kan bango na wadannan nasarorin, da Turkish gwamnan ya yanke shawarar mika wuya Azov, kamar yadda takwarorin su iya taimaka da shi. Haka ya faru a ranar 19 ga watan Yuni. sharuddan sallama da aka amince. A duka yawan al'umar Musulmi, na birni ya free to bar ganuwar ta. Daga Azov shi ya dauki game da 40 dubu mazaunan. Sojojin Rasha da aka saki daga gida kurkuku daruruwan Orthodox da aka yi garkuwa. marinjãya kuma samu da yawa bindigogi. Saboda yau da kullum wuta rokoki birni gine-gine da aka mafi yawa halaka ko mugun lalace. Rasha-Turkish yaki (1735 - 1739) aka alama ta farko da manyan nasarorin da mu sojojin.

Munnich a Crimea

A Afrilu 1736 Munnich jagoranci 54000th sojojin a cikin Crimea. 18 na shi ya zo Perekop - outpost, a tsaye a kan wata guda kunkuntar Isthmus, wanda ya kai ga sashin. Kewaye da shi ya mai zurfi tsanya. Wannan shi ne wani m mamaki Munnich, kamar yadda a kan Hauwa'u na da da'awar cewa Turkish ababen more rayuwa ne a cikin yanayin talauci.

Kafin ka fara da hari, Marshal yanke shawarar aika wata wasika daga Khan. A da shi, sai ya miƙa don zuwa Tatars a cikin kasa na Rasha empress, da ake zargi da makwabta a yau da kullum da hare-hare. Han martani aika Murza, wanda ya ruwaito cewa wani harin ba, da kuma a kan site na 'yan fashi sun Nogai. Rasha-Turkish yaki (1735 - 1739) zai yi ƙare, idan wakilan samu wani na kowa harshe.

Duk da haka, Munnich ba zai iya yarda da Murza. Sa'an nan ya aika da wani jakadan da baya, ta alkawarta Khan cewa ya gani garuruwansu kona kuma hallaka, domin ba ya so ya yarda da alherin Anny Ioannovny.

Sturm Perekopa

Rasha kutsa. Sojoji sun iya sauri bunkasa da moat da parapet. Tsanani matsaloli kasance hasumiya, kullayaumin bombard da dakaru. Daya daga cikin su gudanar ya kama da kamfanin na cikin Preobrazhensky rajimanti, wanda kunshi mutane 60. Yana da aka sare 160 Turks. Sauran sojojin kuwa suka gudu bayan da Tatars.

A karshe karfi na maƙiyi sansanin soja zauna. Pasha shige shi a kan May 22 bayan wata yarjejeniya da cewa Turks za a yarda a yi musu kyauta bar kewaye USAID. Saboda haka shi aka kama Perekop.

Rasha-Turkish yaki na 1735 - 1739 shekaru. Ya ci gaba. Bayan Perekop sallamãwa kagarar Kinburn. Don ta hagu, Janar Leontiev, zubar da wanda ya game dubu 10 da sojoji. Wannan ya na da muhimmanci Fort sarrafawa bakin Dnieper.

Kari zurfi a cikin sashin

Bayan na farko nasara a batun a majalisa. Minich da shawarar ci gaba da m zurfi a cikin sashin da duk yiwu sojojin. Ya yi imani da cewa saboda wannan Rasha-Turkish yaki (1735 - 1739 shekaru -. Its ainihin tsawon) zai ƙare nan da nan. Wasu daga cikin sauran generals tunani in ba haka ba. Sun bayyana kari hadari a ƙasar inda akwai kusan babu ruwa. Kamar yadda mai mulkin, sojojin, yanke daga sadarwar, a irin wannan yanayi, zama da sauki ganima ga Tatars. Duk da haka, da view Minich har yanzu goyon, kuma a kan May 25, ya tafi zuwa kudu.

Kozlov fadi farko birni, ko zamani Yevpatoriya. Lokacin da wani detachment na Cossacks kutsa, an gano cewa Fort watsi da kafa a kan wuta, da mazaunanta gudu zuwa Bakhchisarai. 17 ga watan Yuni zo da Rasha babban birnin kasar. Take ta kai tsaye hari da aka ba sauki, a matsayin kawai passable hanya da aka karkashin kula. Saboda haka Minich bar dukan marasa lafiya da suka ji rauni daga cikin kuraye a kan gefen karkashin kariyar karamin detachment, yayin da ya kuma ya Elite sojojin koma kewaye da birni. A rawar daji ya da wani rabo: da Tatars bai lura cewa, a karkashin murfin na dare suke da Cossacks kusa Bakhchisarai. Don ya tarye su aka aika zuwa mafi kyau rajimanti na Tatars da Janissaries. A farko, sun kasance iya murkushe Rasha da kuma ko zaɓi wani 'yan bindigogi. Duk da haka, a sakamakon counter-kai hari kai ga shan kashi na Turks. Bakhchisarai aka dauka, sai jama'a suka gudu.

A koma hunturu bariki

Tatars gudu zuwa duwatsu, da kuma Turks da aka kwashe zuwa Cafu. Minich farko so ya je wannan birni, da kuma don a hallaka shi. Duk da haka, da Rasha Army ya sosai kãsa. Musamman m ya zãfi - shelves sun bayan ketowar alfijir da kuma dukan yini tafi squinted a cikin zãfi. Shi ne mai Turai dabarun domin yaki, wanda aka ba ya dace da matakan kamfen da sauyin yanayi. Saboda da yawa mutum asarar Munnich jũya. A Perekop ya zauna kamar yadda dogon. Samun tattara duk da rundunoninsa, Field Marshal kidaya asara - game da 30 da mutane dubu, mafi yawansu wanda ya mutu daga cutar ko kadan.

Busted sashin aka bar, ya tafi zuwa St. Petersburg Minich bayyana ta Empress. Kamar wancan ƙare yakin neman zabe, wanda aka alama ta Rasha-Turkish yaki (1735 - 1739). Sa manyan hasarori kasance Minich rashin daidaita da wa gida yanayi na kudu.

Austria shiga yaki

Rasha makamai nasara gamsu Austria cewa Turkey defenseless. Habsburg daular mulkinsu so su ci gaba da fadada a cikin Balkans. Duk da haka, Sarkin sarakuna Charles VI Army sha wahala a kan ta gaba a yawan m raunuka cewa kawai ƙarfafa matsayi na Ottoman Empire. Kasawa aka hade tare da matalauta kungiyar da kuma shapkozakidatelstvom a Austria hedkwatar.

Fada for Ochakov

A halin yanzu Munnich zo zuwa Kiev, inda yake jiran wani rundunar sojojin 70,000 sabo da sojoji. Ya burin ya na da muhimmanci sansanin soja Ochakov. A sansanin Minich ya game 20 dubu mutane. Rasha sojojin zo zuwa ga ganuwar birnin a lokaci daya. Its manyan bindigogi nisa a baya da dakaru. Munnich yanke shawarar ba jira ga harkokin sufuri na makamai, da kuma iskar da sojojin abin da ya yi a wannan lokaci. A halin da ake ciki ya kasance m mawuyacin halin, matsayin Turks tattara wani karin sojojin kusa Bender.

A rana ta farko ba zato ba tsammani kusan dukan sojojin fita daga ƙofar da ya kai hari a besiegers. Duk da haka, da ƙarfin hali da Turks bai taimaka, kuma sun yi koma baya. Rundunarsu ya sha fama da nauyi asarar. A halin da ake ciki ya zama m na kewaye, da yake birni fashe a foda mujallar da kuma fara wani tsanani wuta. Ruɗani a cikin sansanin ya yi amfani da Rasha jiragen ruwa. Cossacks bar jiragen ruwa da kuma kama da sansanin soja daga teku. Bayan da cewa, kwamandan ba da umurni tada fari flag.

Duk da haka, nasarar da kewaye na Ochakov ya zarar rushe. Bayan 'yan watanni a wani fashewa, saboda wanda sojojin da aka mutuwa a garkunan. Murfin. A watan Satumba 1739 soja majalisa yanke shawarar barin castle. A wannan rabo awaited da sojoji a Kinburn. Kamar wancan ƙare wani yakin da za a tuna da Rasha-Turkish yaki (1735 - 1739). Tebur a kasa ya nuna da al'amari rabo a lokacin Ochakova kewaye.

Kari zuwa Bender a 1738

New manufa babban sojojin Minich sun Bender. A Rasha sa'an nan ya koma yamma tare da bakin tekun Black Sea, da girma samu damar cewa nan da sannu za su kawo karshen Rasha-Turkish yaki (1735 - 1739 gg.). A sakamakon yakin, duk da haka, sun m. Minikh kasa kama akalla daya muhimmanci sansanin soja da kuma samun da qafafunku a yankin.

A karshe line shi ne kogin Dniester. Lokacin da Field Marshal zo nan, ya gana a daya gefen wata babbar 60000th sojojin Turks, wanda yana da matukar wuya a kan yãƙi saboda da rashin al'ada crossings. Injiniyoyi iya ba kawo wucin gadi gadoji saboda gaskiyar cewa a kan su ne kullum bude wuta. Tsaye a kan Dniester ya nufi da cewa sojojin fara gudu daga kayayyaki.

Rasha-Turkish yaki na 1735 -. 1739 shekaru, a takaice, shi ne mai gauraye nasara. Saboda haka Munnich bai yi kuskure ba a general yaƙi da ja da baya da baya ga hunturu bariki.

Gangamin 1739

Riga gaba shekara da sojojin har yanzu gudanar da su tilasta wa Dniester. Yana sanya shi ya faru saboda gaskiyar cewa hanya zuwa kogin da aka ƙwarai rage. Munnich rarrashi Empress ba shi izinin tafiya zuwa kudu ta Poland, wanda ya muhimmanci mafi alhẽri daga cikin daji steppe.

Babban nasarar Rasha makamai a wannan shekara juya a kira su da kama da sansanin soja Hawtin, wanda ya bude hanyar Bender. Janar Levendal ya zama kwamandan wannan muhimmanci birni. A lokaci guda Minich kusata da Yassam inda ya rayu da {asar Moldova kabilanci rinjaye.

Belgrade duniya

A halin yanzu, a St. Petersburg zo da m labarai. A watan Satumba 1739 Austria sanya hannu a zaman lafiya tare da Turkey, jingine su yarjejeniyar tare da Rasha. Bugu da kari, da Sweden gwamnati da aka tatauna da Ottoman Empire a kan kawance ayyukan. ƙarin gini na 10 dubu sojoji da aka aiko zuwa Finnish iyaka. Ya zama a sarari cewa Rasha na fuskantar barazana daga yaki a kan biyu fronts. A St. Petersburg, wannan ne a fili ba so, kuma haka fara tattaunawar da Turkey a karshen rikicin makamai.

Satumba 29, 1739 wata yarjejeniya da aka kulla tsakanin kasashen biyu. A tsaida shawara hadu a Belgrade. Babban sabawa rubuce-rubucensu na daftarin aiki kamar haka. Rasha Azov ƙara zuwa, amma duk da kufaifan na sansanin soja da aka za a rushe, yin birnin m. Bugu da kari, Rasha iya ba da da kansa sojojin ruwa a tekun Black Sea. Ciniki a yankin kamata a da za'ayi kawai ta Turkish kotu. Wannan na nufi cewa Rasha ba ta karɓe kusan kome bayan wani mummunan hudu-shekara yakin neman zabe cewa kudin rayuwar dubu 100 sojoji. Rasha-Turkish yaki (1735 - 1739), a takaice, bai rayu har da tsammanin na St. Petersburg. Duk da haka, Anna Ivanovna kokarin kula da suna, da kuma sanya babban birnin na m horar da bikin a kan lokaci na shiga cikin kwangila.

A dalilan ga kananan nasarorin

Wannan ya kasance a cikin tarihi na Rasha-Turkish yaki na 1735 - 1739 shekaru. A dalilan da gazawar da Rasha ta'allaka ne da cewa duk da Turai iko gāba da shi. Yana kula da Austrians da Faransa, da suke da hukuma ke tsakiya tsakanin jam'iyyun da rikici, amma bai yi don tallafa wa Romanovs. Paris ya muhimmanci ga m biyan bukatunsu a yankin, bayan ya sauke karatu daga Rasha-Turkish yaki na 1735 - 1739 shekaru. Tebur a kasa nuna manyan kwamandojin wannan rikici.

Ya kamata a lura, da kuma manyan dabarun kuskure generals - Minich da Lassie. Ba su tsunduma cikin sojoji. Bugu da kari, da Field Marshal amfani Martial square, wanda ya kasance musamman m da tura mobile da sauri sojojin doki. Yana nuna sakamakon Rasha-Turkish yaki na 1735 - 1739 shekaru. Sojoji koma wuta a kan dawakai, yayin da bayoneti yaki kusan bai bayyana cewa akwai wani babban kuskure da umurninSa.