Mene ne alloying karafa

Alloying karafa ne mai muhimmanci a cikin zamani masana'antu. Bari mu bincika wasu daga cikinsu, nuna rubutu su rarrabe da irin wannan halaye.

Misalan alloying karafa

Titanium ne wani kashi da aka rarraba shi ko'ina a yanayi. Akwai game da 60 titanium ma'adanai da ciwon masana'antu darajar, amma da gubar memba ilmenite da rutile.

Rutile a cikin abun da ke ciki na da game da kashi 60 cikin dari titanium. ma'adinai yawa na 4.3, taurin ne 6. Yana gare ta sunan Ilmen duwãtsu, inda aka fara gano. A zamanin yau, wannan ma'adinai da aka gabatar a matsayin babban tushen titanium kasafi.

Halaye na titanium

A tsakiyar karni na karshe aka gano da halaye mabambanta na kashi. Yana yana da babban narkewa batu a low yawa. All gami karafa, ciki har da titanium, da high ƙarfi, lalata juriya. Wato inji da kuma sinadaran halaye na titanium sanya shi rare a da makami mai linzami, jirgin sama, jirgin sama masana'antu.

Yau, za mu ci gaba da dama, daban-daban brands na m, zafi-resistant, lalata-resistant titanium gami da chromium, silicon, aluminum, manganese, jan, da baƙin ƙarfe.

kayan Features

Abin lura da tambaya ga abin da yake cikin alloying karafa, mu lura cewa muna magana ne game da wadanda kari da cewa suna da wani tasiri a kan fasaha da kuma aiki halaye na gami.

Titanium gami sun nuna su jure teku ruwa, iska, m kafofin watsa labarai. Mafi qarancin lalata da titanium sanya daya daga cikin mafi nemi-bayan matsayin ƙari, a cikin halittar gami.

Rarraba a cikin yanayi

High alloying karafa a cikin yanayi ne a cikin nau'i na ores. Alal misali, a tama Malkinsky (North Caucasus) ya ƙunshi wani isasshen adadin titanium. Yana kuma da aka samu a basaltic kankara Karachai. Alamar rahama la'akari titanium-magnesite tama a Armenia.

vanadium Halaye

Enumerating da alloying karafa dole ne a kira, kuma vanadium. The Earth ta ɓawon burodi shi ne a cikin duwatsu, kazalika da ores a Tarwatsa form. Domin kadaici a kan wani m sikelin ta amfani da irin wannan ma'adanai kamar yadda carnotite, harsashi, vanadinite. Pure vanadium yana da wani m launi, yana da wani ƙarfe luster.

Amfani vanadium a karfe masana'antu, shi zai iya samar da high quality karfe. A kayan samu tare da Bugu da kari na vanadium, inganta inji Properties.

Irin wannan alloying karafa da ake bukata domin samar da kayan a metallurgy, mota masana'antu. Vanadium oxides yi amfani da sinadaran masana'antu a matsayin mai kara kuzari, sun bukaci wani m, zanen da rini masana'antu.

Me kuma za a iya amfani da alloying karafa? Jerin ya hada da Tantalite, chromium, niobium, titanium, vanadium. Suna bukatar su samar da lalata-resistant da zafi-resistant gami amfani a fannoni daban daban na fasaha.

Pure vanadium da ake amfani a nukiliya ikon domin samar da na'urorin lantarki.

nickel Feature

Da yake amsa tambayoyi a kan abin da alloying karafa ne aluminum gami, nickel zaži. Wannan silvery farin karfe kara habaka da inji karfin da Magnetic Properties. Wannan gaskiya ne ga jet fasahar da yi na gas injin turbin shuke-shuke. Nickel-chromium gami da hakan zafi-resistant da zafi-resistant halaye, don haka a bukatar a nukiliya reactors, anticorrosion coatings, samar da alkaline batura.

Daga cikin gami da Bugu da kari wannan ƙarfe a cikin sinadaran masana'antu ƙirƙirar sinadaran na'ura, yi amfani da su kamar yadda catalysts.

Nickel ores da ake samu a Armenia, Jojiya da kuma Arewa Caucasus.

Halaye na cobalt

A cikin ƙasa ta ɓawon burodi da abun ciki shi ne kasa da 0,004 bisa dari. Na ma'adanai da ake bukata a cikin masana'antun, mu lura: asbolan, cobaltite, Linnaeus, smaltin.

Cobalt gami aka yi amfani da sarrafa na dabam-dabam ya karu Magnetic shigar da, samar da zafi resistant da zafi-resistant steels. A yumbu, gilashin masana'antu na cobalt mahadi nuna ingancin ma'adinai pigment blue.

Cobalt ajiya gano a Azerbaijan, shi ne a nan cewa an samar a kan masana'antu sikelin.

molybdenum Halaye

Wannan ƙarfe yana da jiki Properties cewa yin shi kama da kai. Ga masana'antu amfani molybdenite dauke game da kashi 70 cikin dari karfe. A masana'antu, shi ya fara da za a yi amfani da thirties na karshe karni don ƙirƙirar musamman gami. A lokacin da ƙara Mo ma ya karu da ƙarfi, kuma ductility na karfe.

Wannan wajibi ne ga wannan jirgi, inji aikin injiniya. M ta gami da chromium, vanadium, nickel, tungsten, amfani da samar da acid da kuma kayan aiki steels. Pure molybdenum ake bukata don ƙirƙirar filament yarn lantarki faranti, kazalika da rediyo da kuma lantarki aikin injiniya. Its oxide farfado catalytic Properties a man fetur refining, a lokacin da samar da wani bukatar inks, sinadaran reagents.

ƙarshe

A iri-iri na alloying karafa a halin yanzu yi amfani da sarrafa daga steels damar goya wasu halaye na gami. A zavsimosti a kan abin da ake bukata, don samar da karfe, shi zaci yin amfani da wasu karfe tarawa. Alal misali, Bugu da kari na tungsten samar da zafi kãfira karfe, wanda yana bukatar sarari masana'antu.