Ma'ana phraseologism "jacket". Popular magana "Procrustean gado"

Mene ne gaskiya arziki na harshe? Kamar yadda ya rubuta NM Karamzin, shi ne ba da manyan yawan sauti ko da yawa kalmomi, da kuma ikon kai da dabara halin kirki Concepts da kuma juyayinsu. Daya daga cikin hanyar magana za a iya daukan add-phraseological raka'a - barga haduwa da kalmomi, da ake kira fi'ili dabarbari cewa mai haske, abubuwan da kuma daidai ƙayyade da ra'ayi, ji da motsin zuciyarmu na magana.

Ma'ana phraseologism "Procrustes gado"

A cikin kowane harshe, akwai barga magana, a shirye haduwa da kalmomi da cewa ba kawai yi ado da shi, da kuma taimaka wa magana da su bayyana abin ra'ayi zuwa ga abin da ke faruwa. A harsuna, suna kira phraseology. Daya daga su siffofin ne shubuha. A daidai wannan lokaci suna da wani kai tsaye, kuma alama da ma'anar, akasin na zahiri da karatu. Daga wannan ra'ayi ne mai ban sha'awa darajar phraseologism "Procrustean gado". A zahiri - Ambaton giant fashi daga Girkanci mythology, da peculiar kida na azabtarwa, a alamance - by karfi shige wani abu a karkashin tsauraran iyaka.

"Bitamin" magana

Phraseology - wani reshe na harsuna (da kimiyya na harshe), wanda ke hulda da phraseology ko phraseological raka'a. Me karatu wannan ilimin harsuna sabon abu don ƙirƙirar wani takamaiman shugabanci a harsuna? Na farko, da rigima tambaya saura, abin ci phrases za a iya daukan phraseology: karin magana, faxin, salon maganarsu, sayings, da dai sauransu Kuma abu na biyu, ban da karatu da hanyoyi na samuwar, phraseology ne ma tsunduma a cikin kafofin daga asalin wasu alkaluma na magana ... A cikin sharuddan bayyanar jũya daga jumlar na Rasha harshen kasu kashi shekaru da haihuwa Rasha da kuma aro.

Primordially Rasha da kuma aro

Sources ne primordially Rasha al'adu na zamanin d Slavs, rayuwa, al'adu, imani, almara, kazalika da ayyukan da Rasha mawallafa, "a cikin shekara daya" - na dogon lokaci da suka wuce, lokaci mai tsawo. "Sanyin hanu" - don su zauna da baya. "Ba tare da wani sarki a kansa" - da mutum yin wawa abubuwa. Amma a yau za a tattauna kadan game da su, saboda muna da sha'awar a magana "Procrustean gado" yana nufin aro phraseology. Kamar yadda kimiyya, da karshen zo mana daga Littafi Mai Tsarki-Ikklesiyoyin bishara matani (da "haramta 'ya'yan itace" - a haramta fitina), daga Roman kuma Girkanci mythology ( "Gordian kulli" - a rude, m hade da yanayi), kazalika da yammacin Turai harsuna da adabi ( " Princess da fis "- washe ta mutane).

tsoho salon maganarsu

Abin da ya bar mana wasiyya da Ancient Girka? Helenawa "ya" mu da kimiyya, wasan kwaikwayo, halitta mafi yawan wallafe-wallafen nau'o'i, su ne tushen da bil'adama darajar tsarin ... Wannan karamin sashi na abin da underlies dukan duniya al'ada. Amma yanzu ba game da cewa, ko wajen, game da wannan - game da nasarori a tarihin duniya, amma a cikin wani daban-daban filin - harsuna. Muhimmanci kungiyar aro alama da maganganu dokoki phraseological raka'a daga Girkanci mythology: "Augean stables" - wani sosai datti dakin. "Nutse cikin abu wulakantacce" - bace a cikin bakin ciki iska, abyss, to za a manta; "Sirdi Pegasus." - nemi yin wahayi zuwa rubuta wakoki, don zama wani mawãƙi, da dai sauransu Kamar yadda za a iya gani daga misalai, domin yadda ya kamata amfani da irin wannan phrases da, misali, da wani tunani, wanda ke nufin "Procrustean gado", shi wajibi ne don sanin tarihi na asalin, ko a kalla zama saba da tsoho Greek mythology da kuma wallafe-wallafe.

"Procrustean gado": ma'anar da kuma asalin

Bayyana da kari "Procrustean gado" taimake labari na Greek gwarzo Theseus, ɗan Efry da master of Athens Aegeus. Lokacin da ya girma da kuma balaga, uwarsa da kakan aika da shi zuwa Athens a sami mahaifinsa. Theseus bai kasa kunne ga request na iyali je a kan teku, amma ya zabi mafi wuya hanya - a kan kafar ta cikin Isthmus. Wuya ya kasance hanyar da ya sadu da wani yawa cikas, a tsakanin wanda ya a karo da wani ɗan fashi damask lakabi Procrustes, wanda ke nufin "puller". Game da wannan villain tafi notoriety. Duk da tafiya ya gayyato zuwa gidansa, inda suka jira akuba azabtarwa: ya sanya duk kwanta a kan gado na ya shahara, kuma idan ta kasance mai girma a gare ta "shahidi", ya ja shi har sai ƙafafunsa ba ta shãfe gefuna. Kuma idan gado ya kadan m cewa ya yankakken kashe ƙafafunsa. Theseus ci giant, da kuma kwantar da shi a gado na shi. Yana da aka short ga shi kuma ta m matasa kashe a cikin wannan hanya kamar yadda ya Yake shirya matalauta da zarar matafiya. Arnuka bayan haka, sunan fashi Procrustes da kayan aikinsa na azabtarwa - "gado" rasa su kai tsaye ma'anarsa, da kuma tare dauka a kan wani daban-daban ma'anar, wanda aka yi sama da samu a kan karatu da labari na ji da motsin zuciyarmu. Saboda haka, a cikin Rasha harshen darajar phraseologism "Procrustean gado" - wani gwargwado na wani abu, ko wani abu da a kan tilas daidaita, siffanta.

wasu harsuna

Aro phraseological raka'a - shi ne, kamar yadda mai mulkin, kasa da kasa lokacinta. Alal misali, kalmar "Achilles 'diddige" - a shigewa - yana da takwaransa in English - Achilles' diddige, Faransa - Talon d'Achille, a Greek - αχίλλειος πτέρνα, Jamus - Achillesferse da sauransu. Duk da haka, ya zauna cikakken da kuma ma'anarsa, da kuma ta images. Yanzu la'akari da "Procrustean gado", misalai na da amfani a wasu harsuna: Greek - προκρούστεια κλίνη, English - Procrustean gado, Jamus - Prokrustesbett da sauransu. A yi karatu tsoho m magana a duk harsuna tserar da image na villain Procrustes, a kan tushen da wanda akwai wani adadi na magana, wanda ke nufin cewa, darajar da aka adana da kuma phraseologism "Procrustean gado" - ƙarya, kuma m ji, kuma lexical da nahawu tsarin, wato, da hijirarsa da magana daga wannan harshe zuwa wani bai kai ga dukan canje-canje.

Kari ko rare magana

Kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, a tsakanin masana ilimin harsuna da akwai har yanzu bambance-bambance, akwai karin magana da faxin zuwa phraseological raka'a ko ba. Wasu yi imani da cewa a, da kuma hada da karin magana da faxin a cikin kungiyar "phraseological maganganu." Sauran masana ilimin harsuna ƙaryatãwa wannan al'amari, da kuma imani da cewa wadannan rabe-mamaki ba zai iya zama batun binciken phraseology. The tambaya, ba shakka, hadaddun da kuma rigima. Alal misali, magana "Procrustean gado" za a iya kira a matsayin phraseology, kuma ga m magana.

Kamar yadda kari a cikin kunkuntar ma'anarta, yana da wadannan halaye:

• idiomatic, cewa shi ne basa, indecomposability kalamai a kan mutum aka gyara (da kalmar "Procrustean" da "gado" ba za a iya amfani dabam, ko su rasa su na kowa ma'anar da kuma juya a cikin wani free hade).
• sake tunani - na farko tamanin da magana, nan da nan darajar da aka tuba a cikin wani alama (jumlar "Procrustes gado" da farko don suna fashi da kuma ta sananne kayan aiki ga azaba, da kuma kawai sai ya samu sakandare ji - m gwargwado).
• juriya - ƙunshi wani "Procrustean gado" yawa ba za a iya maye gurbinsu da wasu.
• Hulda zuwa wani bangare na jawabin - jawabin kari "Procrustean gado" ayyukan a matsayin suna.
• kima da kuma tausaya.

Tsoho m magana

A marubucinsa da Kalmar "m magana," "winged kalmomi" dangana ga Homer, wanda a karon farko an yi amfani da "Iliad": daga bakin mai magana zuwa da sauri warware kalma da kuma nan da nan ya tashi zuwa saurarõnsu ta kunne. A zamani harsuna, wannan lokaci ya fahimci dorewa da kuma sanannun quote daga classic ayyukan cinema, daga music, talla, da kuma Hadisan da suka shahara. Mutane da yawa faxin Kwatsam daga Littafi Mai Tsarki ko Girkanci mythology, kamar da magana "Procrustean gado". Duniya na "winged kalmomi" tsauri - wasu quotes kan lokaci, su rasa munasaba, shahararsa da kuma bace, wasu kuma bayyana zama al'ada hikima.