Kulik (tsuntsu): description, mazauninsu, abinci

Daya daga cikin na kowa tsuntsaye dauke sandpiper. A Rasha kadai, wanda akwai game da 75 jinsin. By su bayyanar, waɗannan tsuntsaye ne mafi kamar na tattabarai, amma suka yi a fili, ya bayyana rarrabe fasali. Masana zaton su zuwa domin Charadriiformes. Mun la'akari waders, wanda sun fi na kowa.

little yawa.

Wannan feathered shi ne mafi karami wakilin waders. Its nauyi ba ya wuce 27 grams. Ya kai tsaye short baki. Yana yana da dogon (10 cm), amma cikin kunkuntar fuka-fuki, short yatsunsu, matsakaici tsawon kafafu. A plumage daga cikin kirji, sãshinansu da bãyayyakinsu, craw, wuyansa, wuyansa, kuma kumatunta yana da wani m-ocher ya dafa. Gashinsa ma da launin ruwan kasa zane. A kasa na fari da tsuntsaye. Jirgin gashinsa ne blackish-kasa-kasa fuka-fuki. Secondary gashinsa a kan fikafikan tushe da kuma samun haske baki ƙulli. Kulik (photo kasa) ya musanya launi a hunturu. A baya akwai wani grayish-Brown launi, kasa ne mai haske, kuma wasu amfanin gona bayyana datti ocher plaque.

Wannan kananan sandpiper - tsuntsu tundra. Ya settles a yankunan jere daga cikin Norwegian gandun daji , da kuma ƙananan kai na Lena. Yana yiwuwa a hadu da wasu daga cikin tsibiran na Arctic Ocean. Wani lokaci wani tsuntsu ya magance a cikin gandun daji. Kulik - tsuntsu migratory da wintering aika zuwa Afirka ta Kudu, kasashen Asiya da samun saukar zuwa Tasmania. Wasu mambobin za a iya gani a gefen kudu na Caspian Sea.

Ma'abota da zũriyarmu, Little yawa.

Bayan ya dawo gidajensu, da tsuntsaye suke a shirye domin ma'abota. A wannan lokacin, Sandpiper a jirgin dage up da fuka-fuki, yanking su. Ya trill iya kama da sauti da cewa al'amuranda fara. Nesting site ne yawanci zaba a karkashin wani daji. Danna yawa. Rufe ramin a bara ta da ciyawa da kuma wani bit na ta murkushe. Rufi na iya zama ganye na Dwarf Willows.

Yawancin lokaci a cikin masonry Little yawa. Hudu qwai ne zaitun ruwan kasa. Amma sau da yawa su launi iya bambanta ƙwarai. Kwanciya qwai yakan auku a karshen watan Yuni, kuma a tsakiyar ko karshen watan gobe bayyana puhovichki. Tuni a farkon watan Agusta, da kajin suna da cikakken feathered, amma suka ba su iya tashi. Amma kafin su iya tashi, sandpiper kajin na daban-daban iyalan sarrafa to gama a da garkensu. Its "mambobi" ne jirgin da wannan sabuwar kafa kananan kungiyar fara yawon tundra, a cikin shiri domin jirgin domin hunturu. Wannan lokaci yawanci dama a tsakiyar watan Agusta, kuma ya ci gaba har sai da kwanaki na arshe na watan Satumba.

Halayyar da abinci mai gina jiki Little yawa.

Kamar wani umarni na tsuntsaye waders (wani lokacin akwai ware), wani wakilin da irin wannan yana da wani leisurely hali. Birds smoothly kuma zare jiki gudu kuma babu fuss. Sun ci, kamar yadda ya zare kuma sau da yawa a shiru. A rare lokuta, za a iya zare jiki sadarwa tare da juna a lokacin da suka ci abinci. Lokacin da wani mutum da suka ci gaba da nuna hali calmly.

Dalili na rage cin abinci kunshi kwari. Wani lokaci tsuntsaye na iya samar da crustaceans da molluscs. Har ila yau, wadannan waders son bloodworms kuma larvae na cikin ruwa kwari.

Oystercatchers

Wannan fukin tsuntsu daban-daban da karfi kafafu da kuma mai tsawo, a mike baki. Basic launi haduwa - black and white, amma na iya samun wasu tsuntsaye a plumage inuwõyinta suna kusa, launin ruwan kasa, ko ruwan kasa. A wannan subfamily da 4 wakilan, wanda za a iya hade cikin guda view. Amma ya fi na kowa oystercatcher talakawa. A size wannan fukin tsuntsu guda kamar kurciya. Ya, kazalika da sauran membobin wannan subfamily yana da karfi elongated baki. A wasu mutane, ya kawai tãyar da su. Bugu da kari, cikin baki aka matsa laterally. Wadanda shorebirds cewa zauna da arewa, baki dan kadan taqaitaccen. Suna girma ta samar da wata "magpie" da baki wuyansa, kai, baya part, wani ɓangare na fuka-fuki da karshen wutsiya. Sauran alkalama na musamman fari.

Wadannan tsuntsaye da kananan ido Svetlenkoe tabo. Northern tsuntsaye za a iya bambanta daga kudu a kan manyan yawan baki pigment a kan fuka-fuki. Amma wasu oystercatchers, dangane da labarin kasa na da mazauninsu, na iya zama gaba daya duhu. Waders Rasha auna game da 500 grams. Fikafikansu kan tsawon kai 26 cm.

baza

"Mashi" kowa waha kusa da waɗansu kõguna na gabashin Turai, amma kawai game da wadanda cewa aika da ruwan da kudu. Har ila yau, sun za a iya samu kashe bakin tekun na White Sea da Barents Sea. Wadannan tsuntsaye son shirya a tafkunansu da waɗansu kõguna na Central Asia da kuma kasashen yammaci Siberia. Mazauna Kamchatka ma saba da wannan haske feathered. Da mazauninsu ne ba'a iyakance zuwa Rasha. Suna zaune tare da bankunan na Turai ta tekuna (North West, kuma), Amurka, Australia, Africa, New Zealand, Tasmania. A cikin yankunan, da waɗannan tsuntsaye ne migratory da kuma hunturu tafi zuwa Asia ko Afirka.

Nesting "arba'in"

Su koma gida a daban-daban sau, dangane da Gwargwadon fara. "Mazauni" na Moscow yankin zo a watan Afrilu, da kuma a cikin Gulf of Kandalaksha irin tsuntsaye gida kusa da May. Dawo daga wintering tsuntsaye suna zuwa kashi kananan kungiyoyin, da kuma fara tokovanie. A wannan lokacin, suna yawo tare da m kukan a cikin irin ƙarfin lantarki faduwa saukar baki. Su hanya ne a mike layin. Bayan isa wani wuri, sai suka dawo. dozin "maza" za a hannu a cikin irin wannan manufa. Wannan wader tawagar hankali karya up a cikin nau'i-nau'i, wanda aka cire a ƙasarsu nesting. Yana iya lura da cewa, wadannan wasanni ne da tsuntsaye a kan shekaru uku, wannan shi ne da shekaru su zama balagagge. Game da Barents Sea kamar tokovanie da dama a cikin watan Yuni.

Make su yi sheƙarsu na mashi, sandpipers a kan rairayin bakin teku, inda akwai m da fadi da tsiri na littoral, yawanci bays. Coast iya zama m, m, ƙanƙara, Shelly. Idan tsuntsaye rayuwa a cikin babban yankin, suka har yanzu zabi na gaba na tabkuna ko koguna. A tsakiyar ɓangare na sau, shi aka lura a matsayin waders shirya a filayen inda babu wani nan kusa kandami.

Ma'aurata suna da okolognezdovoy site cewa suna tsaronsa. Amma, duk da wannan, su ne sosai kusa da cu] anya da na makwabta. Kulik - tsuntsu, halin m tsarin da gida. Saboda haka, "mashi" sanya a bude wuraren scanty rami da kuma populate shi. A kwanciya qwai yawanci 3, amma wani lokacin hudu ko 2. Su qwai manyan size 5-6 cm tsawo. Su ne m-ocher launi da kuma samun dashes da kuma ruwan kasa aibobi. Hatching, iyaye biyu ne m, kuma suka bi juna quite sau da yawa. Shiryawa yana zuwa 28 days.

A ranar janyewar puhovichki riga ya fita daga cikin gida, amma kawai don su iya bask a kan iyaye. Birds bukatar kula da su brood. Wani lokaci da abinci suna nisa da haka zai iya zama marigayi tare da ciyar, sa'an nan da brood mutu daga tamowa. Kajin ba su iya ciyar da kanka na dogon lokaci. Saboda haka, iyaye ya kamata a damu game da makonni uku yunwa zuriyarsa.

Masana kimiyya sun tabbatar da cewa sandpiper (photo shawarar sama) ne a haɗe zuwa wurin nesting, da kuma dawo daga rashin himma daukan ta tsohon shafin.

ikon oystercatchers

A rage cin abinci na wadannan tsuntsaye bambanta. Sun iya kama su shikan wadanda a ƙasar, m ruwa, da kuma tono a cikin ƙasa zaryvshihsya. Alal misali, menu oystercatchers ci crustaceans, mollusks, polychaete, caterpillars, kwari da larvae. Idan zai yiwu, za su iya kama kananan kifaye. Don murkushe harsashi na crustaceans, suka yi amfani da karfi baki. Kananan tsuntsaye na iya nutse ka kwashe a duwatsu da kuma manna a cikin fasa, don sauƙaƙe bude samar. Idan aka azabtar ne a karkashin dutse, ya tsuntsu kofi ko yana sanya shi karkashin baki. Mazauna Orenburg yankin gaya cewa bayan watering gidãjen Aljanna yawanci hari oystercatchers da massively lalata beetles.

Description Black Oystercatcher

Wadannan mambobi ne na tsari ne daban-daban daga talakawa Oystercatcher ya fi girma size. By nauyi iya zama har zuwa 700, su launin gashi ne duhu a launi. Farin da haske launuka ne gaba daya fakowa ba. A launi da kadan daga ruwan kasa sautunan, yawanci baya, kasa da kuma wani ɓangare na fuka-fuki. baki tsawon daga 6.5 zuwa 8.5 cm. Har ila yau, da rarrabe ne wani zobe kusa da jan ido. Strong kafafu ne m ruwan hoda launi. The mace bambanta daga namiji dogon baki da kuma kankan jiki.

Oystercatcher baki samu ne kawai a North America (gabar yammacin). A kudancin gefen waɗannan tsuntsaye ne masu zama a gida rayuwa. Kusa da hunturu tsuntsaye zo nan na arewacin yankunan. Sun shirya yafi a m ~ ar teku da kuma kauce wa yankunan da daji ciyayi.

Kulik-cokali-billed sandpiper

Wannan irin wader bambanta ma daga makwabta, saboda yana da wani musamman tsarin da baki. Its karshen yana da wani tsawo kama da spatula. Wannan jinsin aka musamman motsi. Saboda haka, yayin da ciyar da shi sosai playfully bayyana wani Semi-da'ira da shugaban a wannan lokaci da sauri rushes a cikin ruwa, neman a ciki. Yana iya ƙaruwa juya da rush a gaban shugabanci, da barin ruwan in su "spatula." fikafikai talakawan tsawon ne 10 cm.

Limited rarraba lopatnya. Gidansa - Chukotka, daga Cape Vankarem zuwa Gulf of Anadyr. Domin wintering da sandpiper ke kudu maso gabashin Asia. Wani lokaci a lokacin flights tsuntsu ne m ga sauran iri kananan waders. Ko da yake cokali-billed sandpiper yana da m tsarin da baki, shi ba ya duba taurin kai da kuma Catchy, don haka da farko duba shi iya zama rude tare da saba Kulik. Wannan nau'in shi ne sparse kuma ba ya neman za a kai ga m yankunan, don haka shi ne a cikin Red Littãfi daga Rasha lists.

Kulik-Pectoral Sandpiper

Wannan irin waders yana da wani blackish-kasa-kasa da baya tare da mutum ja gashinsa. Nadhvoste baki. Kirji da goiter ruwan kasa tare da farin gashi karin bayanai. Maza ku auna nauyi game da 100 grams, mace - 72 zuwa g. Reshe tsawon -. 13 cm a talakawan tsuntsu fi son kafa mulkin mallaka a tundra na Canada da kuma Alaska. Har ila yau yana iya gida a cikin Siberian tundra (arewacin) daga Chukchi Larabawa zuwa Gabas Tajmyra. More kwanan nan, an lura da cewa, Pectoral Sandpiper tashi zuwa Turai, don haka masana sun bar kadan begen cewa wadannan yara nan da sannu zã shirya a yammacin.

Birds cewa rayuwa a Siberia, a cikin fall je Alaska, inda cikar zuwa kudu. Sun ciyar da hunturu a warmer climes - South America, Bolivia, Ecuador, Chile.

Lokacin da ya koma ƙasarsa ta kasar, da tsuntsaye fara ma'abota wasan. Daga cikin dukan sauran kama tsuntsaye da shi janyo hankalin da hankali, Pectoral Sandpiper sandpiper. Bird farawa da tashi a wani low tsawo da kuma alhãli kuwa wuyansa, samar da sauti kama da Duden. Har ila yau, namiji iya shirya misali, yanã gudãna a kumbura wuyansa game samochki. Wasu halaye, ya kama da wani baki takaddamarsu a lokacin ma'abota. Bayan da biyu ya ci gaba, da mace incubates kama, da kuma namiji ragaita zuwa wani wurin daban.

curlew

Wadannan tsuntsaye da brownish launi da kuma elongated baki mai lankwasa zuwa baya. Amma, mafi muhimmanci, abin da yake na ƙwarai, wadannan wakilan - cewa su ne mafi girma a cikin irin waders. Ma'abota namiji riqe kusa masõyansa. A ƙasa, ya dage da fuka-fuki, baki kaiwa sama da kasa, ta soke, kuma folds baya ponytail. Rinjaye da nau'i-nau'i kasance da aminci ga juna.

Wajen zuwa gida namiji so. Ya guga man da ƙasa, da yin rami saukar. Ya na jan daga a 'yan mafi kusa na farko rami. The mace ance daya fi so, kuma fata ta cikin mahaifa waders ciyawa. A nan, mace kayansa mãsu daya, amma a manyan kwai zaitun kore da launin ruwan kasa specks. Bayan zaune 'yan kwanaki, ta kawo gaba kwai, sa'an nan da kama iya cika uku da ta huɗu. A Hatching rayayye shiga da shi da ta. Kafin zuwan na farko chick kamata tafi daga 26 zuwa 28 days. The yara ma duba iyaye biyu. A kajin suna shirye su tashi a cikin shekaru kawai a kan wata. Bayan haka, 'yan iyalai da yara tare a daya fakitin kuma fara su na hijira. A hunturu da suka je Kudancin Asia ko a Afirka. Tashi daukan wuri da wuri, a kusa da watan Agusta, amma wasu mutane na iya yi jinkiri har sai watan Satumba. Wani lokaci, a Jamus da kuma Ingila, wadannan sandpipers yanke shawara su ciyar da hunturu a kan shafin.

A kasar mu, sanaki biyar subspecies na curlews, kuma a total na takwas.

jack-snipe

Wannan ne mai matukar kankanin Kulichok. Tã kawai 60 grams. Amma da yawa dayansu, kada damar kama shi, domin nama ne sosai dadi. Amma ga birdwatchers amfani tokovanie wadannan crumbs. Ji da muffled sauti na jack-snipe, zai iya zama a cikin wata a kwantar da hankula da kuma hadari weather. A wannan yanayin, ba shi yiwuwa a gane, inda da tsarkakewa, saboda sandpiper tokuet high da kuma motsi sosai briskly. Sauti na tsuntsaye wasa a cikin ma'abota game, reminiscent na tattakewa a kan m-cushe ƙasa, "top-top-saman."

waders fadama

A kasar mu, wannan fukin tsuntsu sosai na kowa, kuma tsammãninsu, da yawa ya duba shi, za a kan yanayi. Marsh Sandpiper, sabanin mutane da yawa daga cikin 'yan'uwansa, da babban amfani ga dayansu, saboda da nama ne sosai m da kuma xanxano.

Yana iya sani da wani sunan daban - "godwit", "nettigel", da kuma wani lokacin shi ne kawai ake kira "katantanwa". A girman da feathered kama kurciya, amma kamar yadda ya baki, wuyansa, kuma karfinku elongated, gani ga alama more. Launi yellowish-m plumage. The mace ne ya fi girma, shi yana da haske gashinsa. Ko da yake namiji wuyansa ne da yawa redder. Tare da hunturu a kan ta fadama tsuntsaye dawo zuwa tsakiyar bazara. Shekara bayan shekara, da suka kasance a cikin 'yan qasar wuri, amma canza su gidaje iya tilasta bushewa kandami. A wannan yanayin, da suka karba wani fadama, ba yin matsanancin bukatar a gare shi. Game da zũriyarmu kula da iyaye biyu. Amma wani lokacin overprotection rusa gida da kuma brood. So don tsorata tafi da tsuntsaye da sauran yara, namiji game da shi ha'inci wurinta dayansu. Abin baƙin ciki, da insatiable so mutane su yi kudi ya kai ga cewa ƙarnõni na kũtsãwa shorebirds kasance halakakku.