Bird kwakwalwa: sifa da aiki

The kwakwalwa - babban kayyadewa dukkan aikin da abubuwa da kwayoyin, kazalika da ta halayya ayyukan da cewa ana nufin adapting zuwa waje yanayin rayuwa.

Medulla oblongata ne mai ci gaba da laka. Yana yana da launin toka al'amarin dake waje da kuma farin abu dake ciki. Mahaɗar tsakãninsu cell jikin neurons a medulla samar da zuciyar. Medulla - mai muhimmanci zuciya da sauransu. Tare da kaye, shi ne wani take hakkin somatic da autonomic reflex ayyukan da mutuwa ta auku a cikin halakar da shi. Medulla yi aikin introducer da reflex ayyuka. Kwakwalwa shirya wadannan reflexes: cardiac, jijiyoyin bugun gini sautin, numfashi, coughing, sneezing, salivation, hadiya, na ciki da kuma pancreatic mugunya, amai, na rayuwa, tearing, Ƙibtawa da kuma rufe murfi, tonic kwarangwal tsoka reflexes.

Tare da medulla cibiyoyin ayyukan alaka buɗi na hawa hali reflexes. Hali da numfashinsa, sũ ne waɗanda reflexes cewa sa redistribution na sautin na tsokoki ta canza matsayin da shugaban.

Kwakwalwa da kuma cerebellum hade afferent da efferent zaruruwa na tsakiya m tsarin da duk sassan, kuma ta hanyar da su tare da tsokoki da kuma jiki ta da yawa rabe, kazalika da autonomic juyayi tsarin.

Babban ayyuka na cerebellum hada da: 1) da tsari na mota ayyukan; 2) tsari na autonomic tafiyar matakai. Wadannan ayyuka cerebellum aka kafa a gwaje-gwajen da yin amfani da extirpation dabaru, hangula, rikodin biopotentials cerebellum asibiti lura.

A cerebellum ne da raya a cikin tsuntsaye, kuma yana da muhimmanci ga su sosai raya gabar balance. A farkon lokaci bayan kau na cerebellum tsuntsu ba zai iya tashi da kuma tafiya. Idan ka yi kokarin matsawa akwai convulsions, da kuma tsuntsu da dama zuwa gefe. Duk da haka, zai ɗauki abinci da abin sha. Bayan wani lokaci, da yanayin da aka inganta da kuma tsuntsu ne iya, ko da wahala, to tsaya, tafiya da tashi. Kimiyya karatu sun nuna cewa cerebellum aka located cibiyoyin gudãnar da ayyuka na autonomic juyayi tsarin.

Iyaye tsuntsaye kwakwalwa (midbrain) ne da raya da kuma kunshi sassa biyu: da m colliculus da kafafu. Colliculus yana da wani gaba da raya lobes da azanci shine neurons kafa nuclei.

Babban aiki na midbrain: 1. A gaban wani ɓangare na m colliculus shi ne na farko na gani cibiyar. A nan akwai na farko bincike na haske samuwar kasashe. Tun da dauki da aka kwashe kimanin zuwa ga haske ruri via da cibiyoyin (juyawa daga cikin shugaban a cikin shugabanci na haske mai kara kuzari). A cibiyoyin gaban m colliculus tsara ƙanƙancewa na almajiri. 2. A na baya part colliculus daukawa orienting mayar da martani ga auditory samuwar kasashe (shugaban tũba zuwa gare sauti mai kara kuzari). 3. A substantia nigra ne da hannu a cikin tsari na kwarangwal tsoka ƙanƙancewa. Yana kuma shirya yi na hadiya, kuma numfashi kari. 4. The kwakwalwa, ko kuma wajen da talakawan kwakwalwa yana da wani cibiyar hawa gyara reflexes. Gyara reflexes ake kira reflexes cewa mayar da al'ada matsayi na jiki bayan da warwarewarsu.

A tarar da kwakwalwarmu da dabbobi masu rarrafe, sabanin kwakwalwa tsuntsu kwakwalwa ne underdeveloped kwakwalwa.

Midbrain kunshi da thalamus, kuma hypothalamus epithalamus. Diencephalon aikin mahara ayyuka. 1. The thalamus ne haraji wanda tattara da hatsaisai daga duk jikin ta tsoka mai amsa sigina (na gani, auditory, gustatory, tactile, zazzabi, zafi, proprioceptors) da kuma aika su zuwa ga cerebral hemispheres. 2. A cikin nuclei na thalamus da afferent hasken dake fitowa an hõre na farko bincike da kuma kira. 3. A thalamus, afferent hasken dake fitowa ta zama wani tunanin. Akwai jin zafi, jin dadi da kuma m. 4. thalamus shirya tsoka sautin roba, ta hanyar abin da tsuntsãye iya karɓa da ajiye wani iri-iri na shirya kai. 5. epithalamus ne cibiyoyin gudãnar da ayyukan da olfactory analyzer. 6. sarrafa hypothalamic cibiyoyin cewa gwada almajiri dilation, jini, numfasawa, da kuma mota, kuma secretory ayyuka na narkewa kamar fili. 7. The hypothalamus shirya yanayin jiki.