Ivan Gonta: biography

Ivan Gonta - daya daga cikin fice Figures na Ukrainian tarihi. Sunansa ya zama wata alama ce da yin gwagwarmaya domin samun 'yancin kasar. Hoton na kasa gwarzo mafi cikakken aka bayyana a cikin waka T. G. Shevchenko "Haydamaky". Bayani game da m tawaye mawãƙi nemi a jama'a tãtsũniyõyin da Legends, a cikin abin da daya daga cikin halin da ayyuka da aka Ivan Gonta.

biography

Bayani game da haihuwar Ivan musamman rowa. An sani cewa da aka haife shi a kauyen Rossoshka, wanda a halin yanzu located in Cherkassy yankin. Uwãyensa sun kasance serfs. A daidai ranar da aka haife ne har yanzu ba a sani ba, amma masu bincike suna mayar daga 1740. A farkon shekarun Ivan Gonta, ta hanyar nasa himma, shi ne Cossack dakarun na Kotun magnate Potocki, wanda a lokacin shi ne cikakken mai gida na Uman. A duk da ya low asalin, Ivan aka da ilimi. Kwarai ikon mallakar daga cikin Yaren mutanen Poland harshe, shahararsa da kuma kyau kungiya basira zama tushen da m gabatarwa. A 1757, wani baƙauye ta dan an zabe jarumin na Kotun sojojin Potocki.

wakĩli

Ilimi da kuma talented matasa Cossack kusantar da hankali magnate Potocki. Kuma nan da nan a sansanin magana game da sabon wakĩli na jadawali, wanda ya zama Ivan Gonta. Outbuildings Cossacks, watakila tuhumce irin ci gaban da 'yan qasar na ƙananan azuzuwan. Earl kawo m karkashi na gentry da kuma sanya karkashin umurnin gwamna na Uman. Lokacin hidimarsa Ivan Gonta a 1755 ya gaji ƙasarsa kauye da ke makwabtaka da kauyen Rossoshka Odarovku. A wannan lokacin, dukan 'yan'uwansa na zauna a Rossoshka: mahaifiyarka, matarsa,' ya'yansa. The iyali na hudu girma 'ya'ya mata da kuma wani ɗã. Mallaki kauyuka ba shi da wani riba na 20 dubu zlotys a shekara -. A sosai m kudi a wancan lokacin.

Gaunt da ĩmãni

Manyan riba daga m sabis Potocki iya ba rabu da jarumin da ta yi amanna da kuma bai sanya shi wani kayan aiki a hannun wasu. Ivan Gonta bai raba da marmari na Dogayen sanda don gabatar da Katolika bangaskiya ga Orthodox yawan Ukraine. A nasa gudunmawa gina wani m Orthodox Church a ƙasarsa ta kauye, da kuma iyali kira jarumin ɗin churchwarden - cewa su kudi da aka gina da kuma fentin daukaka na Cross coci birni Volodarka. Sai ya zama a wannan coci kiyaye bango zane-zane, wanda ya siffanta Ivan Gonta. Photo jarumin, wanda za a iya gani a zamani litattafan, aka cire daga wannan hoto.

Jimawa I. Gaunt zama da aka sani da mutumin wanda ya nẽmi taimakon da Orthodox bangaskiya. Ya yi ta kusata da wakilan Orthodox majami'u daga ko'ina Ukraine. Wannan duniya support ya sanya shi yadu a san hali, wanda ya da wani banbanci a kan bukatun da ra'ayoyi na wakilan Ukrainian azuzuwan.

Haydamaky

By karshen May 1768 zuwa Uman ji jita-jita, game da wani taro tawaye Haidamaks, wanda aka karkashin jagorancin Maxim Zhelezniak. Sun dauki daya gari bayan wani, sannu a hankali gabatowa zuwa Uman. Rafal Mladanovich gwamnan Uman, aka tilasta ya dauki karfi matakan karfafa birnin. Ya rufe babban kofa, da matsaran da tako a hankali bari duk wadanda suka so su shiga birni. A titi akwai mutane da yawa sojojin Cossacks, da haifuwa daga abin da yake a kan Uman. Don rage da alama na cin amana, Mladanovich Cossacks tilasta rantsuwa amincewa Potocki.

Gaunt da Zhelezniak

By domin na gwamnan outhouse sojojin fito don ya tarye 'yan tawaye. Amma yin amfani da nasu sojojin a matsayin gwamnan da Polish executioners kasa. Kusa da kauyen na Sokolovka hadu Ivan Gonta Maxim Zheleznyak. Bayan tattaunawar, da Cossacks koro shugabanni da shiga cikin 'yan tawayen. A karshe ci na biyu sojojin na 18 Yuni 1768 ya faru a karkashin Uman katangu. 'Yan tawayen yanke shawarar hadari birnin.

Uman bala'i

Uman shan dade game da daya da rabi da kwanaki. A tsaro na birnin ni'imtar da a kan masu dauke da makamai, wanda weakly mallakar kananan makamai. Daya-lokaci volley daga duk bindigogi da sansanin soja da kewaye a hayaki, da samar da wani m shãmaki. Shan amfani da wannan, 'yan tawayen nasarar kutsa cikin sansanin soja ganuwar da kuma shiga birnin. A tarzomar sarayya ya m.

Haydamaky yanka Dogayen sanda, Yahudawa, Ruthenians, sunã rãyar da bã tsõfuwa maza ba, kuma ba mata. Bisa ga tsira shaidu, da jini wadanda aka kashe da aka zuba a kan bakin kofa daga gidajensu, da kuma haikalin da ya bi cikin tituna. A cewar daban-daban kimomi, suka mutu a wannan rana daga biyu zuwa ashirin da dubu mutane.

Kanar Gaunt

Bayan shan Uman yawa ramuwa, kuma nan da nan ya bar darajõji daga cikin 'yan tawayen. Gonta Ivan da Zhelezniak Maxim gudanar da wani janar majalisa. Shawarar da rinjaye da aka sanya umurnin da 'yan tawayen sojojin. Maxim Zhelezniak - Hetman na sabon shugaban sojoji, da Ivan Gonta - Kanar. A kasashen da ke karkashin 'yan tawayen dalĩli, don kawar da aiki wajibai, kafa Cossack umarni da kwastan. Shugabannin kungiyar 'yan tawayen ya dauki matakai don yada ra'ayoyi cikin Ukraine.

Cin Amanar kuma mutuwa

Sikelin da tawaye ƙwarai gaji da damuwa da gwamnatin na Rasha Empire. Karkashin umarni na Catherine II saduwa da 'yan tawayen koma dakarun Kanar Guryev. Vtershis to amince da 'yan tawayen, ya kewaye Cossack sojojin da shugabannin kama. Ivana Gontu da aka bai wa Dogayen sanda, da kuma Maxim Zhelezniak aka yanke masa hukumcin kisa ta hanyar da dabaran. Duk da haka, daga baya da Empress ya maye gurbin jumla da kuma aiko shi zuwa ga bauta wa naƙudarta.

Ivana Gontu da aka bai wa Polish hukumomi. Bayan da azabtarwa, wanda dade kwanaki goma, Gaunt aka kaso na musamman kotun, kunsha na firist, da uku sufaye. Ya aka yanke masa hukumcin kisa, wanda aka tare da wani mummunan azaba - quartering, peeling fata, da kuma sauran abubuwa. A rana ta uku, Gamsuwa da ƙarfin hali Cossack kambi hetman Ksaveriy Branitsky Gonta umurce su da su yanke kansa a amincewa da ƙarfin hali da kuma ɗaure a kan hukuncin. Hukunta mutu Yuli 13, 1768. A saura na kasa gwarzo da aka samu zuwa gumagumai a 14 biranen Ukraine.

Ukrainian ƙasar kuma da sake stained da jini daga cikin rare yunkuri, amma memory na Ivan Gonta da Maksim Zheleznyaki har yanzu ya kasance a cikin Legends da ballads na Ukrainian mutane.