Ilimi Moscow Jihar: babban lokaci da 'yan siyasa

A zamanin mulkin Daniel Alexandrovich a matsayin "unifier" Rasha ƙasa suka kan Moscow. Shi ne daga wannan lokaci ya fara halittar wani Karkasa jihar tare da wani hadade babban birnin kasar. Yunƙurin na Grand Duchy na Moscow da kuma cibiyar - a Moscow - daidaituwa ba. Wannan aka yuwuwa ta m Gwargwadon wuri, da manufofin da ya bi ta Moscow shugabanni, da cin gaban sabuwar wucewa ta cikin Rasha ƙasar ciniki hanyoyi. Founder na daular Qing na hakiman Moscow aka dauke su dan Aleksandra Nevskogo - Daniel, ya kãma sarauta na hukumar a 1263 da kuma aiki a fadada da ƙasashensu. Saboda haka, a cikin 1301 da Moscow sarauta shiga Kolomna, da kuma a 1303 - Mozhaysk. A kawai 'yan shekaru, Daniel sarautar da sarauta ya ƙara muhimmanci da kuma ya zama daya daga cikin mafi girma da kuma mafi iko a arewa-maso-gabas na Rasha.

Babban tasiri a kan samuwar Moscow Jihar yana da wani sarautar Ivana Daniilovicha, wanda m ci gaba mahaifinsa aikin fadada yankin ƙasarsu, kuma Ka riskar Belozerskoye Moscow, Uglich da Galich sarauta. Ivan Danilovich, lakabi Kalita, ya shiga cikin tarihi na Rasha a matsayin m, na fasaha da kuma m, a yanke shawara m, biya ƙarin da hankali ga dangantakar da Golden taro. A zamanin mulkin Ivan Kalita Moscow ya zama cibiyar m wurin zama a cikin ta yarima, wanda kara karfafa ikon Moscow sarakuna da gwamnoni sauran Rasha asashe.

Kara ilmi Karkasa Moscow jihar An jagorancin 'ya'yan Kalita - Ivan Red da Saminu da Proud, ya shiga da shi Starodubsky, Dmitrov ƙasar, Kostroma da Kaluga.

A kan samuwar guda jihar iya ba da sakamako na mulkin gargajiya jayayya da cewa ya barke a Rasha a tsakiyar 14th karni, tsakanin manyan-jikoki Ivana Kality, da dokoki suna located a kusa da kusanci zuwa Moscow mulkoki. Babban dalilin kiyayya a tsakanin 'yan'uwa da ya zama wata tambaya na canza domin na maye. Daban-daban ma'anar mulkin gargajiya wars na 14th karni ta'allaka a yaki da abokan adawar da kuma magoya bayan na samar da wani guda jihar a kan ƙasa na Rasha, tare da babban birnin kasar a Moscow. A sakamakon haka, wadanda suka bayar da shawarar da karkashin shugabancin tsakiya da Rasha asashe, mara nasara da aka lashe.

Da samuwar na Muscovite jihar da aka kammala a lokacin zamanin mulkin na Ivan III da ɗansa - Vasily III. Manyansu da kuma shugabannin sauran Rasha mulkoki readily wuce zuwa sabis a Moscow. Waɗanda suke har yanzu ya ki sanin ikon Moscow shugabanninmu, watsi da su ƙasar da ya gudu zuwa kasashen makwabta (musamman, a Lithuania). A karshen, da most ƙasar, rike da ikon wani raba sarauta, ya Novgorod, wanda da boyars zuwa wannan lokaci don kammala wata yarjejeniya a kan vassalage da Lithuania. Koyo da wannan, Ivan III a 1471 ta shirya wani Maris a birnin. The hukunci yaƙi ya faru a Shelon River yankin, da Novgorod sojojin da aka gaba daya ya ci Muscovites. Shekara bakwai daga baya, Novgorod zama memba na Moscow sarauta.

Da samuwar da Muscovite jihar da aka kammala tare da Accession zuwa da shi a cikin 1485. Tver. Hakkokin a shi a wannan lokaci na Ivan III samu title na Sarkin sarakuna na All Rasha. A karshen 14th karni gangara a tarihin kasarmu a matsayin karshen ta tsawon mulkin gargajiya fragmentation.

Ilimi Moscow Jihar hade da irin wani babban taron a matsayin kwata 'yanci na Rasha daga kusan 240-shekara Mongol-Tatar karkiya. Ivan III shi ne na farko shugabanni na kasar a baya karni ya daina biya haraji ga Tatars. A 1480 Khan Akhmat yunkurin mayar da dominance na kasar da aka Kanmu, wanda ya m. Bayan kwata 'yanci na Rasha daga karkiyar da ƙi ya unprecedented girma da matsayi na Moscow sarauta, aka haɗe da shi sauran unsubordinated ƙasar: Smolensk, Pskov da Ryazan. A cikin marigayi 15th karni a kan taswira zai zama wani sabon ikon da aka ƙara kira Rasha.