Hakkin jiki ci gaban centile Tables. Ake bukata anthropometric data for kimantawa na jiki ci gaba

Kowane yaro ne daban-daban - Wannan ba wani sirri. Duk da haka, akwai alamomi da cewa yara a wasu shekaru kungiyoyin kamata dace talakawan nagartacce. Wadannan sigogi taimaka likita gane m matsala daga jiki da hankulansu ci gaba, kazalika da wa zaton gaban wani cuta.

Evaluation na jiki ci gaba da yaron - mai muhimmanci sosai lokacin ga dukan likitoci da shakka, iyaye. Wannan wakiltar dukkan wadannan Sikeli, kimantawa da kuma allunan cikin rayuwa da yaro da kuma inda suka fito?

yanã yanyanka

A lokacin da yaro da aka haife kawai, sai nan da nan samun farko da kima. A cewar Apgar ci a cikin na farko da kuma na biyar minti na baby ta rayuwa neonatologist yana sanya wani adadin da maki. Daga wadannan biyu Figures ya dogara a kan ko zai kasance tare da mahaifiyarsa, ko ya na bukatar karin magani daga likita, wannan tambaya da farko alurar riga kafi.

Kid zuwa shekara

Bayan da jariri ne wata daya, mahaifiyata da a gudanar da jaririn zuwa pediatrician for yau da kullum da hanyoyin. Wannan na faruwa bisa ga jadawalin lokacin da jariran kiwon:

• wata daya.
• watanni uku;
• watanni shida.
• watanni tara.
• watanni goma sha biyu.

A wadannan hanyoyi dole kima daga jiki ci gaban centile Tables. Har ila yau rikodin shekaru, a lokacin da yaro ya fara murmushi, na farko lokacin da ya zauna, ya miƙe, ya ɗauki farko matakai, ya ce da farko kalmar kamar yadda zai yiwu teething. mataki:

• Weight.
• jiki tsawon.
• Volume / shugaban karkara.
• kirji size.
• A yanayin jiki.
• fontanelle size.

Bisa ga wadannan bayanan da yuwuwar mahaifiyarsa ta gunaguni, da yaro za a iya aika domin ƙarin gwaje-gwaje ko gwani liyafar. A wasu lokuta, mai daraja jiki ci gaban centile Tables. Al'ada ci gaban data Tables an ko da yaushe dauke da za a buga a tsakiyar hanyoyi, abin da yake a cikin kewayon 25-75 bisa dari. Amma yaron iya ci gaba quite kullum, idan da bayanai a kan dukkan Manuniya ne a cikin wannan fanni, a sama ko a kasa talakawan (a cikin wannan hali mu yi magana game da jiki siffofin).

Centile Tables ga yara maza har zuwa shekara

Don auna baby ta girma har zuwa shekara a asibitin a kan wani musamman jirgi tare da kan iyakoki. Daya daga cikin su guga man da yaron ta kai zuwa wani - kafafu.

Centile Tables ga yara maza da 'yan mata ma dauke da cikakken bayani da yaron ta kai size. nagartacce mismatch wannan siga wani lokaci ka aika da jariri don a neurologist.

Dalilai da shafi jiki ci gaba

The jiki kiwon lafiya na yaro - shi ne babban nuna alama na jihar ya kiwon lafiya. Yana dogara da dalilai da dama:

• yanayin damina.
• gadar hali.
• ikon;
• matakin da kayan alheri na iyali;
• riko da rana;
• na iyaye da yaro.
• m yanayi a cikin iyali.

Ake bukata anthropometric data for kimantawa da jiki girma na yara bayan wani shekara

Hakkin jiki ci gaban yara bayan wani shekara saboda da wadannan dalilai:

1. Somatic Manuniya (nauyi a kg, tsawo a cm, kirji karkara a cm).
2. Somatoscopic Manuniya (jihar da fata integument, mucous membranes, ci gaban subcutaneous mai, da ci gaba da musculoskeletal tsarin, matakin jima'i ci gaba).
3. Fiziometricheskie Manuniya (tsoka ƙarfi, huhu iya aiki, jini, bugun jini rate).
4. Janar kiwon lafiya (canjawa wuri cututtuka, gaban kullum cututtuka).

Hanyar for kimantawa da jiki ci gaba ne tsananin daidaita, saboda kawai ta hanyar daukar ma'aunai karkashin wannan yanayi da kuma guda kayan aikin, za mu iya magana game da comparability da AMINCI na gudanar da bincike da sakamakon.

somatic Manuniya

Hakkin jiki ci gaba da yaron sau da yawa daukan wuri kamar haka: somatic Manuniya da wani yaro ne idan aka kwatanta da centile alluna bisa ga shekaru da kuma jima'i. Ta yaya wadannan alluna nemi boys, za ka iya gani a kasa.

Girls girma rates ne dan kadan daban-daban. Har zuwa shekaru biyu, su ne yawanci kadan kasa da boys, amma bayan kamawa up tare da ko da gaba da girma.

Bincike somatoscopic Manuniya

Hanyar for kimantawa jiki ci gaban hada da dama na asali ji Manuniya. Su za a iya karatu a cikin wadannan tebur.

Fiziometricheskie Manuniya

Evaluation na jiki ci gaban ƴan faruwa, ciki har da ta aunawa da aikin sigogi na jiki:

1. MUHIMMIN iya aiki (girma) daga cikin huhu - wani gwargwado na numfashi tsoka ƙarfi kuma huhu iya aiki. Ji aka yi amfani da wani spirometer iska ko ruwa. Age da alaka Manuniya a yara na daban-daban shekaru da kuma jima'i zai zama daban-daban.

2. Ƙarfin na hannu tsoka - mataki na cin gaban tsokoki. The ji an sanya na'urar kira a hannunka dynamometer.
3. Stanovoi ƙarfi - ikon da extensor tsokoki na jiki a cikin hip gidajen abinci.
4. CHCHS - zuciya rate.

5. jini fara zuwa mataki bayan shekara bakwai. Yadda aka saba, wannan shekaru da systolic (babba) dole ne a cikin 100-120 mm Hg. Art da kuma diastolic (m) -. 60-80 mmHg. Art.

Hakkin jiki gaba daga cikin wadannan Manuniya aka yi ta hanyar kwatanta da mutum cika da talakawan dabi'u na hali na shekaru da kuma jinsi kungiyoyin na yara.

Sauran hanyoyin domin tantance cin

Ake bukata anthropometric data ga kimantawa da jiki ci gaba da kuma amfani a cikin wasu hanyoyin:

1. Hanyar anthropometric nagartacce / sigmalnyh sabawa. Lokacin amfani da wannan hanya, lissafi da na gwargwado ci gaba. Wannan hanya da aka wuya amfani a yau, tun da shi ba ya gani da cikakken hoto na ci gaba da kuma gano abubuwa rababbe.
2. Scale komawa da baya. Tables for kimantawa da wannan Hanyar sanya shan la'akari da huldodi, wanda shi ne wani amfani da hanyar. Amma ba za a iya amfani da yara tare da wani disproportionate ci gaban mutum halaye.
3. Girma sikelin Matveevoy N. A. Wannan Hanyar da aka yi amfani da lokacin shigar da farko aji, a miƙa mulki ga 3, 8 da kuma 6 minti azuzuwan. Yana daukan la'akari da goma sha ãyõyi na ci gaba:
   - jiki nauyi,
   - girma.
   - da'irar (girma) daga cikin kirji.
   - yawan molars.
   - da damar da huhu.
   - mita (yawan lashe da minti) bugun jini.
   - da girman da kitsen folds a cibiya.
   - tsoka ƙarfi na hagu.
   - tsoka ƙarfi daga dãma.
   - da m da kuma iyakar jini. Wannan hanya ne quite cikakken, amma shi yana da wannan drawback matsayin Hanyar anthropometric nagartacce. Saboda haka, kima na jiki ci gaba zai zama mafi m idan ka yi amfani da biyu-girma centile alluna, wanda la'akari da dogaro da tsawon jiki taro.
4. Centile biyu-girma tebur. Evaluation faruwa a vosmiballnoy sikelin cewa daukan la'akari da rabo daga jima'i, shekaru, tsawon da kuma nauyi.
5. Centile ginshiƙi a I. M. Vorontsovu. Yana amfani a sikelin cewa daukan la'akari uku key Manuniya - jiki tsawon, nauyi da kuma girman da yaro ta kirji. Gwaje-gwaje (screenings) ta wannan hanya da ake amfani a yau da kullum dubawa domin gano wani rukuni na yara da m raya ci gaban munanan.
6. Complex Hanyar.

M kimantawa Hanyar jiki ci gaba

Duk da hanyoyin tattauna a sama la'akari kawai da morphological data na daraja, amma ga wani girma mutum na halitta da kuma zama dole ga lissafin kudi na nazarin halittu ci gaba. Complex Hanyar hada da:

• Ƙimar na nazarin halittu shekaru (har zuwa abin da da shekaru maturation na tsarin da kuma gabobin da yaro). Sharudda: nauyi riba da jiki tsawon ga shekara ta yawan hakora shekaru, mafarki, kashi ci gaban na'ura.
• Rubuta tsarin mulki jiki rabo dimbin yawa kafafu, ciki, kirji, da baya, tsoka ci gaba, kashi, adipose nama.
• Kimanta sikẽli halaye na rabo na tsawo da kuma jiki nauyi.

M kima na jiki ci gaba, wanda yana da za'ayi a cibiyoyin kiwon lafiya da kuma m fuskantarwa, kazalika a lokacin da tura likita Nazarin damar, dangane da data kafa su raba yara cikin biyar daban-daban kungiyoyin na kiwon lafiya:

• I kungiyar. Yana hada yara ba tare da kullum cututtuka, ba ya canzawa kuma da wuya m, masu tasowa, jiki da hankali da shirin ba tare da karkacewa.
• Group II. Wannan kungiyar hada da category na yara ba tare da kullum cututtuka, da wahala ba fiye da sau hudu a shekara, tare da hadarin kullum cututtuka, akwai iya zama marar ƙarfi sabawa a matakin aiki na tsarin da kuma gabobin.
• Group III ma'anar yara da kullum cututtuka, pathologies (nakasar, ba taushẽwarsu jiki zuwa aiki kullum), sau da yawa m (fiye da hudu sau a kowace shekara).
• Group IV. Yara da raya ci gaban nakasa (nakasar), kullum cututtuka, disrupts al'ada kiwon lafiya da kuma sauran harkokin kiwon lafiya.
• V kungiyar. Wannan kungiyar hada da yara suke shan wahala da tsanani kullum cututtuka cewa sa a bayyane yake cuta da kuma jiki aiki.

matasa

Hakkin jiki ci gaban matasa ba ya bambanta daga daraja da hanyoyin amfani da su duk yara. A duk na alluna da kuma sikelin hada data for yara har zuwa shekaru 17.

Ko da yake, ba shakka, dole ne mu manta da cewa ci gaban da 'yan mata bayan shekaru tara, kuma boys bayan goma sha zai bambanta muhimmanci daga cin gaban wani yaron.

A samartaka, akwai gagarumin canje-canje a cikin rabbai na jiki da kuma gabobin da kuma tsarin cin:

• Girls karkashin shekaru 14 da haihuwa ne muhimmanci gaba na da takwarorinsu cikin sharuddan nauyi sigogi, tsawo, kirji size.
• A wannan lokacin akwai wani karfi girma spurt ( 'yan mata da lokaci don yayi girma zuwa game da 25 santimita, kuma ƙara 25 kg. Boys - 35 cm da 35 kg).
• By 13-15 shekaru cikakke samuwar sakandare jima'i halaye.
• Ya ci gaba da aiki ci gaba da juyayi, shafi tunanin mutum, zuciya da jijiyoyin jini, endocrine tsarin.
• Pulse da jini hankali gabatowa yi na fara tasawa da kuma 18 tasha a lambobi 120 zuwa 65 115 a 'yan mata da kuma 60 a boys.

Ya kamata a lura cewa ha ~ taki na jiki ci gaba (hanzari) da aka muhimmanci canza a 'yan shekarun matsayin somatic fihirisa.