Gano Amirka da

Gano Amirka da nasa ne da Turawa. Kamar yadda tarihi shaida, wannan kasa da aka gano da Phoenicians (tsoho mariners). The Sin gano wannan ƙasa dogon kafin akwai Hristofor Kolumb. A gano Amirka da Sin Dates baya ga wasu kafofin farkon na farko Millennium AD.

Daga cikin dukan bayanai dauki mafi m bayanai game da Normans (Vikings). A gano Amirka da ya faru a karshen 10th karni. Viking Leif Eriksson da Bjarni Heryulfsonom aka samu "dutse ƙasa" (Helluland), "ƙasar gonakin inabi" (Vinland) da kuma "Forest ƙasar" (Markland). Wadannan wuraren yanzu gano tare da Labrador.

Gano Amirka, da wasu asusun, aka kwanan rana da kuma 15th karni. Duk da yake nahiyar zo Cantabrian masunta da matuƙan na Bristol. Su suna tsibirin nahiyar Brazil.

Ya kamata a lura cewa duk wadannan tafiye-tafiye zuwa wannan gano Amirka, ba kawai a matsayin wani sabon duniya, amma kuma kamar yadda gano nahiyar kasa.

Har da 15th karni, mutane zaton Duniya ya lebur. A gano Amirka da Turawa a 15th karni dispelled wannan labari. Ya fara yada da ra'ayin cewa da Duniya ne har yanzu zagaye, da kuma isa India da kuma China na iya zama yammacin hanya (via da Atlantic Ocean). Bugu da kari, an yi tunanin cewa wannan hanya ne ya fi guntu fiye gabas. Saboda Kudu Atlantic aka mulki ta hanyar Portuguese, tana son kafa dangantakar da ke gabashin kasashen Spain Columbus ya dauki shawara don tsara wani balaguro zuwa yamma. Anyi da kamar wata teku Voyages. A gano Amirka da Columbus kawo Spanish yankin amfani.

A farko teku yakin da aka kaddamar a 1492, a kan Agusta 3rd. Daga Columbus Palosskoy harbor (Andalussiya) tare da 120 matuƙan a kan uku kananan jiragen ruwa.

Bayan haye tekun Atlantic, ma'aikacin jirgin ruwa kusata da tsibirin Guanahani (Watling), daya daga cikin Bahama Islands. Bayan da Columbus ya gano tsibirin na Haiti da kuma Cuba. Sailor yi imani da cewa ya samo India ɓangaren duniya. Yana ƙare na farko balaguro a 1493, Maris 15. Yuni 7 wannan shekara, cikin Spanish-Portuguese yarjejeniya a Tordesillas a kan delimitation na duniyoyin da tasiri a cikin Atlantic aka sanya hannu. Saboda haka, line na 2,200 kilomita yamma da Azores fara kasashen waje. Land gabashin line gane a Portugal, yamma - Spain.

Next Columbus balaguro ya fara a 1493, a ranar 25 ga watan Satumba. A sakamakon tafiya da aka samu Virgin Windward (Antigua, Dominica, St. Christopher da sauran) Islands, Jamaica, Puerto Rico Island. Balaguro ƙare a 1496, a ranar 11 ga watan Yuni.

Tare da Spain a 1497 shiga wani kishi na Ingila, wanda ya yi kokarin samun wata hanya ta Asia via da yankin arewa maso yammacin. Balaguro Genoese Dzhovanni Kaboto aka sanya a karkashin English flag. A watan Mayun da kuma Agusta 1497 ya gano tsibirin Newfoundland , kuma tabbas kusa da North American Coast. Ya gaba balaguro da ya faru a 1498. The tafiya sai ya yi tafiya tare da dansa Sebastian. Saboda haka, Ingila ta fara kafa harsashin ginin mamayar a Arewacin Amirka.

A 1498, May 30, Columbus ya tafi da uku balaguro. A sakamakon wannan yakin shi da aka bude bakin Orinoco da tsibirin Trinidad. Agusta 5 a wannan shekara, ya sauka a kan ta Kudu American Coast. Venezuela da Guyana sun kai Spain a 1499, sa'an nan ya buɗe bakin da Amazon, Brazil. Gama na uku balaguro a watan Nuwamba 1500.

A sakamakon haka, Amurka ta tsakiya ya bude hudu balaguro na Columbus. Navigator wuce tare da bakin tekun na Nicaragua da Honduras, Panama da kuma Costa Rica da Gulf of Darién.

A lokacin daga 1501 zuwa 1504 karkashin Portuguese flag sanya wani balaguro Amerigo Vespuchchi. Ya nuna cewa ƙasar gano by Columbus ne sabuwar nahiyar. Wannan jarrabawa da aka tabbatar daga baya ta Magellan zuwa circumnavigate tafiya. Mai suna Vespucci (Amerigo) na Columbus 'gano nahiyar samu sunan Amurka.