Treasure. Mene ne taska jiragen ruwa da kuma taska, a cikin ƙasa?

Daya daga cikin mafi romantic ayyuka ne neman tarihi kayayyakin gargajiya. Duk da cewa da aka samu a cikin ƙasa, kõ kuwa wani cache, da ake kira da saba kalmar "taska". Mene ne zinariya, da azurfa, da daraja karafa - duk sani, amma idan an kawai dauke su da wata taska ba? Don fara, kai a look at tamanin da ra'ayi.

A general ma'anar "taska"

Mene ne wata taska a wani m ji? Yana da yake a ɓõye, a wani hanya m abubuwa. Su mai shi ne ba a sani ba ko rasa dama zuwa gare su. Duk da haka, wannan nadi ne iyali. Akwai wani ra'ayi cewa tana nufin ilmin kimiya na kayan tarihi.

Treasure (abin da ya na nufin a cikin ilmin kimiya na kayan tarihi, mun la'akari) yana da halaye:

• Yana bautarka babban ƙasa.
• Ya kunshi abubuwa na daya lokaci.
• Yana hada kayan aikin, kayayyakinsa, da makamai, da dukan abin da aka halitta da mutum takamaiman archaeological al'adu.

Archeologists sha'awar duk batutuwa suna binciken tarihi Layer. Wadanda ke da hannu a cikin rami don riba, kawai sha'awar m farfado. Mafi sau da yawa an yi shi da daraja karafa. Duk da sauran su swings kamar shara.

Menene dokar ce?

A hukuncin daban-daban kasashen nasa ne da taska trove a kansa hanya. Mafi sau da yawa, mai shi daga cikin Finds shi ne wanda ya mallaki ƙasar, da kuma wanda ya samu. A Rasha, misali, wata mallaki gidaje da kuma taska mafarauci raba kome daidai. Amma idan batu yana da m darajar, jihar daukan shi da kansa, amma wanda ya iske shi maigidan haya, da kuma neman maida rabin kudin, wanda zai nuna gwani.

A Ingila, dole ne ka a cikin kwanaki 14 zuwa rahoton da find to ba za a baya a hukunta su. Masana sun nazarin taska, da karshe jihar biya zuwa gidaje da filaye da wata taska farauta diyya a cika ko dawo da samun wanda ya same ta.

A da yawa Amurka jihohin taskacẽwar shekaru fiye da shekaru 100 da haihuwa, da aka samu a ƙasar jihar, dauke archaeological darajar. A nasa ne da hukumomi na jihar, inda ya aka samu.

A duniya game da dukiyar samu akwai daban-daban labaru. Treasure a gare su, kamar yadda mai mulkin, shi ne ko dai abu ko m darajar. A gaban wadannan da wasu binciken da aka ba ko da yaushe tabbatar da hujjar.

archaeological taskõkin

The girma na taska da aka gano a cikin XIX-XX ƙarni. Turai archaeologists sun yi karatu da ƙasa na zamanin d wayewar na Misira, India da kuma Kudancin Amirka.

A mafi m taska (cewa shi ne - muna riga sani) da aka samu a shekarar 2011 a India. An zaci cewa mallakar sarakunan Travancore, wanda for millennia hauhawar Jewels a Haikali. Yana kiyasta da find a cikin US $ 20 miliyan dubu.

Wani babu kasa da ban sha'awa an dauki wata taska daga Tutankhamen kabarin. Ƙofar aka gano a cikin 1922, amma kawai gudanar ya shiga cikin na gaba shekara. A Finds an kiyaye su cif. Sun kunshi ayyukan art, ado, sarcophagi zinariya tsantsa, wadda aka jikin Fir'auna, kuma mafi. Yau bakin kabarin da aka rufe don yawon bude ido saboda canje-canje a cikin matsanancin Layer na da ganuwar.

"Treasure of Priam" - shi ne mai classic taska a cikin ƙasa. Sun samu sun kasance Heinrich Schliemann a 1873 a lokacin tono na almara Troy, amma samu ba na wannan lokaci, shi ya wanzu ga dubban shekaru kafin. Yau, da ake kira taskar Troy aka located in Moscow (Pushkin Museum).

Taskõkin wrecks

Bugu da kari ga sushi, da yawa taskõkin samu a kasa na tekuna da kuma tekuna. Tare da yaduwa na Shipbuilding mutane da aka hawa da ruwa mai daraja kaya. Wasu daga cikin su nutsar a lokacin da hadari, ɓarna da gangan a kan jirgin, ko kama da 'yan fashi, wanda suke ma wata taska.

Jirãge cewa nutse, wani babban iri-iri a kan seabed. Nemi su ne yafi wuya, domin a gare su kullum canjawa daga hadarin shafin. Complicating matsalar da kudin na balaguro zuwa seabed.

Duk da haka, da wadannan jiragen ruwa da dukiyar da a kan jirgin da aka samu:

• Spanish jirgin ruwa mai filafilai sunk a 1804. Ya samu daga American kamfanin yana dauke da mafi muhimmanci da a tarihi daga karkashin ruwa taskõkin. A kan jirgin, a 2007, mun samu ton na zinariya da azurfa Spanish tsabar kudi. A kaya yana komawa zuwa ga Spanish gwamnati a 2012.
• Taskõkin galleon "Atocha" (Spain), wanda aka gano a shekarar 1985, Mel Fisher. daruruwan daga zinariya da fiye da dubu da na azurfa bullion, kayan ado, makamai na 17th karni da aka samu.
• Rasha kaya Galiota "Saint Michael" da aka samu a 1961 a Finland. A cikin jirgin da aka yi na karafa masu daraja da kuma duwatsu, wanda aka yi nufi ga Elizabeth Collection zinariya snuff kwalaye, watch tarin daga zinariya da azurfa, Meissen ain, sassaka gilt karusa. Yau, shi ne a Finland.