Order of St. Catherine Mai girma: Tarihi

Daga cikin 'yan awards na tsarist Rasha, sake halitta a cikin post-Soviet lokaci, musamman hankali ya kamata a bai wa Order of St. Catherine, description da kuma tarihi na wanda suka batun wannan labarin. Kamar yadda a cikin shekaru baya, da kuma a yau shi an saita zuwa girmama matan da suka yi musamman isa yabo kafin Rasha. Duk da haka, akwai daya banda, wanda za a tattauna a kasa.

Salvage karimci na Catherine na

A labarin na yadda akwai da Order of St. Catherine girma, shi ne sosai sabon abu a cikin gargajiya gabatarwa sa wasu masana tarihi shakka a tsakanin sauran lambobin yabo da Petrine zamanin. Yake da alaka da cikin Prut yaƙin neman zaɓe na Bitrus I, dauka su a 1711 a kan Turkish sojoji, da kuma kare sosai mugun a gare shi.

Yanayi suna da irin cewa sojojin Rasha, cikinsu da sarki da matarsa, Catherine I, aka kewaye da m maƙiyi sojojin. A halin da ake ciki yana da wuyar gaske, amma ya samu wani hanyar fita daga cikin Empress bayar da cin hanci Ottoman Amirul duk da yawa taskõkin. A godiyarka ga wannan harka da cewa ceto da sojojin daga halaka, da kuma biyu daga gare su daga kama da yiwu mutuwa sarki musamman domin matarsa kafa Order of St. Catherine.

Halayyar cancanta ga Empress

A fili, shi dai kawai wani labari, saboda a kan tushen da Siyasa takardun an san cewa ɗari da dubu hamsin da zinariya rubles aka kasaftawa cin hanci m jami'ai daga Turkish taskar, wanda a wancan lokacin ya kasance a imbin jimla. Bugu da kari, cikin takara a Prut yaƙi Danish jami'in diflomasiyyar tuno a memoirs cewa Empress mallakar ta kayan ado ba shi da ya yi hadaya, da kuma rarraba ajiya daga cikin mafi kusa jami'an, a kan barin muhalli don samun koma.

Zai yiwu mutum zinariya, da kõme ba su yi ba, amma ta nuna a lokacin da hadari mafi girma misali na ƙarfin hali da kuma kamunkai, shi ne, bisa ga shaidar mahalarta a cikin wadanda events, shi ya wani sarki don haka dole a irin haka ne, halin kirki goyan baya, kuma ya karbi Order of St. Catherine Mai girma shahidi na hali cancanta ga Empress. A cikin wani hali, shi juya a kira su cancanci wannan maɗaukaki.

The Order of St. Catherine: halaye da kuma siffofin

A lokacin daga 1714 zuwa 1917, wannan lambar yabo ta biyu mafi girma daga cikin sauran lambobin yabo na Rasha da kuma yana da biyu digiri. A farko, da ake kira "Grand Cross", tsara na musamman ga awarding persons mulki House. Na biyu digiri, da aka sani da "Kananan ko kavalerstvenny giciye" da aka kafa domin wakilan da hakan nobility. Wannan lambar yabo da wannan lambar yabo da aka ba da damar a kira Ladies ko kavalerstvennogo manyan giciye da cewa shi ne musamman m.

Kowane mataki na Order m tare da alamu da taurari, da juna a matsayin kamance da kuma gagarumin bambance-bambance. A 1856, Sarkin sarakuna Alexander II bayar da umarni bisa ga abin da, da farko mataki samu lambar crosses aka yi wa ado da lu'u lu'u da, da kuma na biyu - da lu'u-lu'u.

A lokacin m lokaci a cibiyar da gicciye, ado da zinariya haskoki, sanya medallion zaune Catherine. A cikin hannãyenku daga cikin saint da aka sanya a manyan giciye tare da kananan giciye a tsakiyar, da kuma Palm.

Sama ta shugaban da aka rubũtacce da raguwa CBE, wanda nufi - St. Velikomuchenitsa Ekaterina. Wani raguwa, kunsha na haruffa DSFR, Zagayawar a kan babban giciye, kuma kunshi da farko haruffa na Latin jumlar Domine, salvum fac regum, wanda ke nufin "Ran sarki ya daɗe."

Abin sha'awa shi aka firam da baya gefe na giciye. Ta sanya hoton gaggafa da mikiya, exterminating maciji a gindin hasumiyar, a saman wanda wani gida tare da kajin. Ga wani Latin rubutu, da fassarar kara kamar "A cikin ayyukan idan aka kwatanta da mijinta." Ta ya kamata ya jaddada sirri amfanoni da bayar da.

A tsakiyar wani takwas nuna azurfa star sash ya zagaye medallion a kan wani ja filin, wanda aka nuna a gicciye, firam da rubutu - "Ga love da Fatherland." Wadannan kalmomi sun wata alama ce da Order.

A al'adar kafa ta Catherine na

Har mutuwar Bitrus I, bi, a 1725, an bayar da Order ba. Wannan hadisin kafa Catherine I, wanda suka gaji gadon sarautar da kuma ba da Order cikin 'ya'ya mata na ta marigayi miji - Anna kuma Elizabeth (kuma daga baya ya karbi Rasha kambi). A lokacin mulkinsa ne daga cikin mafi girman daraja bayar da takwas mutane daga cikin mafi girman kotu da'irar.

A lokacin da ta sarautarsa, wanda dade shekara biyu, da Order of St. Catherine ya zama mafi girma da lambar yabo ga grand Ladies wanda ya karbi shi ne ba kawai (kuma ba sosai) domin ya ayyuka, amma kuma a kan sakamako ga su harkokinmu mazansu suka gudanar da mafi jama'a ofishin. Wannan hadisin an kiyaye a cikin m shekaru.

Awards samu ta hanyar haihuwa da kuma for musamman da sabis

Ko da karin tashe matsayi na Order of Sarkin sarakuna Paul na, tun da aka buga a 1797 da umarni, bisa ga abin, suna bayar da kowane aka haife Grand Duchess, cewa shi ne, wani ya na mulki monarch. Tun da Rasha Khalifai ne mafi yawa bambanta da wani enviable haihuwa, yawan awardees baya ya karu da yawa. Dukan 'ya'yan sarakuna, tun samu title na haihuwa na babban shugabanninmu, aka bayar da Order of St. Andrew.

Af, wannan farilla qaddamar bytuyuschey zamanin yau hadisin dress baby 'yan mata ruwan hoda qwarai da boys - blue, wanda yayi dace da launi sashes grand shugabannai da duchesses.

The matsayi a kan awarding da Order - ta Halin - ba a ambace musamman, ga abin da irin gudunmawar da ya kamata bauta wa, saboda haka, na da hakkin ya zabi 'yan takara da aka bai wa sarki. suka yawanci ba mutane da suke bambanta da kansu a fagen harkokin ilmi, ko sadaka. Sau da yawa da shi samu na manyan abubuwan taimako, sanya domin ya fanshi Kiristoci daga jahili talala, kazalika da fitarwa daga abin yabo a kula da babban birnin kasar School for Noble akwai mãtã.

Kau da m Tarurrukan na Order

Wannan aiki ya ci gaba har ban mamaki events cewa fãta shimfiɗaɗɗa a 1917. Kasa da wata daya bayan shan iko, da Bolsheviks soke wannan lambar yabo, saboda shi aka yi nufi kawai ga wakilan da aji maƙiya a gare su. Farfado da Order of St. Catherine ya riga a cikin kwanaki da wani umurninmu ya je, a watan Mayu 2012. shugaban kasar Rasha Dmitry Medvedev. Yau, kamar yadda kafin, shi ne daya daga cikin kasar mafi awards.

Order of Santa Catarina, mai girma shahidi (Rasha Federation)

Bari mu zauna a kan cewa a yau ne wata lambar yabo ta kafa Peter I. Wannan sabon, kama da tarihi samfur na Order of St. Catherine (RF) yana da wani star kuma, wata ãyã a cikin hanyar wani m medallion located in tsakiyar azurfa-gilt ƙetare. Kowane karshen gicciye da aka tsara a matsayin hudu zinariya haskoki ado ado da kuma raba ta biyu Diamonds. Jamhuriyar medallion kewaye da wani ado na lafiya taimako zobba, an rufe shi da blue enamel da enamel kõma a kan shi da image na St. Catherine.

A na sama da aka bayar tare da wani zobe insignia, a saman wanda kunkuntar tsaye karfafa frame ado iyali lu'u-lu'u kafa a tsaye line. Yana ratsa zobe tef, aza a cikin wani nau'i na baka da ciwon a kan Reverse gefen na'urar for attaching da shi zuwa ga tufafi. Insignia yana da girma na 45 x 40 millimeters da za a iya gyarawa zuwa wani siliki moire ja tef ciwon azurfa discontinuous baki.

Badge na Order of St. Catherine yayi dace da wani takwas azurfa star a tsakiyar wanda aka sanya a zagaye medallion na ja launi tare da image na Jihar alama na Rasha Federation, kewaye da wata iyaka da rubutu "Ga rahama".

A banda ga mulkin

A watan Satumba na shekarar 2012, Order of St. Catherine, wani photo na wanda aka gabatar a cikin labarin da aka farko baiwa mutumin. A gwamnati ta yanke shawara wannan girmamawa jama'a na Liechtenstein Fall-Fein Edward Aleksandrovich domin fice taimako ga adana Monuments na al'adu na Rasha, kazalika da yin sadaka, da agaji da kuma kiyaye zaman lafiya da ayyukan.