National Park Altyn-Emel. The most halitta ajiye a Kazakhstan

A labarin da ya gaya labarin da most ajiye na Kazakhstan kira Altyn-Emel. An located a kan gangara na kunya Jungar Alatau. The ajiye yanki ne 460 dubu kadada. Park aka halitta don adana rare shuke-shuke da dabbobi.

Sanya National Park wuri

The ajiye aka located 150 kilomita daga kira Alma-Ata (Kazakhstan). An located a dama banki na Ili River, kamawa da arewacin Kapchagai tafki.

Idan ka shawarta zaka ziyarci wurin shakatawa, sa'an nan babu makawa tambaya taso: abin da game da damar yin amfani da Altyn-Emel? Kapchagay - mafi kusa gari zuwa ajiye, shi gudanar manyan motoci daga Alma-Ata. Next kana bukatar ka je da mota tare da Kapchagai tafki da Cordon a lamba daya. City Kapchagay (Alma-Ata yankin) is located in 160 kilomita daga Almaty. All hanya zuwa wurin shakatawa, in general, shi zai kai ka ba fiye da sa'o'i uku. Hakika, da hanyar ne ba sosai kusa, amma ya zama dole a shawo kan shi, ganin musamman jan hankali na ajiye, ba cewa shekaru na wasu daga cikinsu fiye da 2500 da shekara, kazalika da shaida da rarest da yara da kuma tsuntsaye. za ka iya tafi daga Alma-Ata da kuma samun da ajiye ta cikin birni Kapchagay gudãnar da kanta a rana tafiya idan ake so.

Amma akwai wata hanya dabam, wucewa ta cikin Sara-Ozek, inda, wucewa da izinin Altyn-Emel, za ka iya isa kalinino. Hanya daga Alma-Ata zuwa cibiyar na Estate daukan game da shida hours, shi lullube 320 kilomita. Wannan wani zaɓi ne mafi dogon - tafiya zai dauki uku zuwa biyar kwana. Duk da haka, a wannan lokacin za ka iya ganin shahararrun jan hankali na shakatawa: Mount Aktau, Katy Tau singing ɗan tutun rairai, shekara ɗari bakwai da haihuwa Willow da kuma rare dabbobi.

Tarihi na halitta

Jihar National Park Altyn-Emel aka kafa a shekarar 1996 a kan tushen da Kapchagai Farauta. Babban gidan gona gidan da aka located a kauyen kalinino. Daga ta Alma-Ata (Kazakhstan) ne da nisan kilomita 250. The ajiye lullube talatin kilomita daga arewa zuwa kudu kuma daga gabas zuwa yamma fiye da ɗari biyu.

Irin wannan kyakkyawan sunan Reserve samu wani dalili, shi yana da tsoho tushen da kuma Mongolian ba fassara shi a matsayin "zinariya sirdi". Akwai ma wani labari cewa ya ce a lokacin rani na 1219 sanannen Genghis Khan ta sojojin ketare kwarin, motsi da ci na Asiya ta tsakiya. A faɗuwar rana, da duwãtsu da yellowed ciyawa kwamandan da jũna kamar zinariya sirdi. Kuma lalle ne, haƙĩƙa, idan ka duba a hankali, da shaci da izinin Altyn-Emel zahiri kama wani sirdi.

A wurin shakatawa akwai wani iri-iri shimfidar: daga fako zuwa ga duwãtsu. Bugu da kari, da ajiye shi ne sanannen domin ta tarihi da kuma al'adu Monuments.

tsarkakewa da Dunes

Singing ɗan tutun rairai ne wani babban yashi ɗan tutun rairai (game da mita 100) a tsawon fiye da uku kilomita. Yana samu da sunan saboda da wani lokacin emanating daga shi fašakarwar hum cewa shi ne vaguely reminiscent na sauti na sashin jiki. Sai song Singing ɗan tutun rairai ji for kilomita. Sound ya samo asali a daidai lokacin da hatsi tuntube juna - akwai wani suma amo irin na jemage, kuma mafi ma'ana sauti aka haife tare da karfi gusts. Amma da ɗan tutun rairai launin waƙa za a iya ji ko da a kwantar da hankula weather. Matakai kanta hanyar gogayya tsakanin barbashi, wadda take kaiwa zuwa wani sabon abu sauti. Duk da zybuchest yashi ɗan tutun rairai kada ku yi fasadi, da kuma domin da yawa millennia ne a wurin shakatawa.

Local labari ya ce cewa, a karkashin yashi ɗan tutun rairai binne Genghis Khan da kansa da kuma jarumi warriors, da ɗan tutun rairai fara raira waƙa, a lokacin da ya gaya Khan zuriyar ya yi manyan ayyuka.

Aktau

Halitta Park Altyn-Emel kunshi musamman abubuwa, daya daga wanda ke Aktau. Wannan alli duwãtsu Cenozoic lokaci, kunsha na shafe lãka, inda iska da kuma ruwa a cikin shekaru dubbai to soki da m tsaunuka.

A babban alama wannan wuri ne mai cikakken rashi na akalla wasu ciyayi, yin shi ya zama kama da Lunar shimfidar. Wadannan duwãtsu ne halin da m gangara da kuma karfi isa dismemberment saboda naci ruwan sama da kuma mudslides. Aktau zuwa Altyn-Emel - duniya shahara musamman akan burbushin halitta ajiya. The lake sediments aka samu da kyau-tsare saura na zamanin d dabbobi kamar giant karkanda, crocodiles, kunkuru, m da yara, da shekaru kiyasta a 25-30 shekaru miliyan. Ba da nisa daga Aktau ne Katutau kuma duwãtsu.

dutsen Katutau

Mountains stretch daga kudu-maso-yammacin zuwa arewa-maso-gabas, a cikin wani nau'i na m kunya tare da fi a cikin wani nau'i na Filato. A gangara ake yanka ta manyan yawan waterless gorges. Bright blue ratsi pestreyut calcareous sandstone da kuma ja lãka. The kalmar "Katutau" na nufin "mai karko duwãtsu."

An yi imani da cewa a cikin Permian lokaci a kan wannan sosai tabo da aka biyu volcanoes. Lalle ne, duwãtsu aka kunshi 'lawa da sauran volcanic kankara. Har ila yau, akwai wani crack a cikin ƙasa, wanda suna cike da magma. Kuma suka kafa a lokacin da girgizar kasa yayin da kake tuƙi subsurface yadudduka. A tsawon wasu daga cikinsu don har zuwa kilomita takwas. A arewa na Aktau da Katutau kiyaye kankara da zarar wanzu tsoho Tethys Ocean, wanda ya ɗauki siffar m siffofi.

Kalkany

Kananan da Manyan Kalkany - a Palaeozoic massif, wanda aka halin tsanani lalata kankara. Externally - shi ne quite lackluster low duwãtsu cewa karya zuwa kudu na shakatawa Altyn-Emel. Babu wani abu da ban sha'awa, da kuma musamman ba su, amma shi ne dake tsakanin duniya-sanannen Singing ɗan tutun rairai.

Besshatyr

Besshatyr bã kõme ba ne amma na musamman archaeological shafukan. Suna da ake kira sarauta binne mounds - a binne Saka shugabannin VII-III ƙarni BC. Mounds kewaye da wani irin zobe na menhirs, wanda suke da ɗan kama da sanannen duwatsu na Stonehenge. A cikin kwarin ne 31 binne mounds, da most of wanda ya kai wani tsawo na 17 mita da kuma ta diamita - 108 mita. A masana kimiyya ya gano cewa, a cikin su karya ragowar Saka shugabannin. Mounds ne kaburburan sarakuna ba. A dutsen canyons samu dukan gallery na dutse da zane na farauta al'amuran da dabbobi.

Ili

Park Altyn-Emel ne babban waterway, wanda shi ne ma ya yi iyaka da ajiye - ne Ili River. Ya fara a ƙasar China. Kogin yana da wani gauraye rage cin abinci.

Easy spring ambaliyar ta fara, yawanci a watan Afrilu. By meltwater dutsen snow a watan Mayu, a can ne ambaliyar ruwa, wanda ba ya fada har Yuli-Agusta. Sa'an nan ya fara a hankali a hankali karu a ruwa matakin, da kuma wata al'ada da darajar da aka kafa a watan Satumba. A cikin hunturu, da kogin freezes for 'yan watanni.

sauyin yanayi

A sauyin yanayi ne sharply nahiyar hamada, tare da isasshen sanyi, bushe winters da zafi lokacin bazaar. A mafi girma adadin ruwan sama da dama a cikin watan Afrilu da Mayu. Average zazzabi na 4-5 digiri.

Park Altyn-Emel: Flora

The ajiye ta Flora hada da goma sha biyar da ɗari shuke-shuke, daga gare su akwai rare da aka jera a cikin Red Littãfi. Abin kula ne musamman endemics da sauran kaya: Silene Musulmi, Alberta tulips, astragalus Kopal, kahris sa'iqi, watershed Vitali.

Mafi yawa daga cikin shakatawa shuke-shuke da amfani Properties. Kuma da yawa ne abinci ga namun daji. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari, kuma tsaba suna cinye ta hakori da tsuntsãye, kuma Pagon - hoofed dabbobi. Musamman m ne easterly gashin tsuntsu, Atraphaxis goge, masu ɗaci belozemelnaya da sauransu. Akwai magani shuke-shuke, zuma shuke-shuke, muhimman man fetur.

fauna

Kwari kadai a ajiye akwai fiye da 5000 jinsunan. Daga cikin wadannan, 25 jinsunan aka jera a matsayin miyagun. Wannan fara ne kawai, yin addu'a mantises, dragonflies, beetles da sauransu. D.

Vertabrate na shakatawa ne ma quite bambancin. A Kapchagai tafki zaune ashirin nau'in kifi, uku daga waxanda suke fama da. Dabbobi masu rarrafe ajiye wakilta 25 jinsunan: copperhead, Alai ablepharus, patterned maciji, steppe Agama, da kibiya-maciji da sauransu.

Na mutum ɗari biyu da tsuntsaye zaune a nan, gida a cikin kare zone 174, da kuma 18 da ake jera a matsayin miyagun: ferruginous duck, black shamuwa, da launin toka crane, zinariya mikiya, macijin mikiya, bearded, ruwan kasa kurciya, da mujiya, Pallas yashi takaddamarsu, bustard, ruwan kasa kurciya.

A cikin ƙasa na Altyn-Emel, akwai fiye da saba'in na dabbobi masu shayarwa, daga cikinsu akwai bakwai namun dajin: ligation, ja marten, Otter, snow damisa, Tien Shan tumaki dutsen, daji ass. The ajiye an mayar da hankali ne mafi girma yawan dutsen awaki, bareyi, snow leopards. Ko a nan akwai ko da-toed ungulates - barewa, saiga, daji Boars, daji da raguna.

A cikin ajiye rayuwa a cikin crevices na kankara Partridge partridges. Wannan kyau m tsuntsaye animating ƙẽƙasasshiya a wuri mai faɗi da duwãtsu. Su ne sosai agile da sauri scurrying tsakanin duwatsu, a guje tare da progalinki a kan progalinku yayin da suka da babbar murya ihu, gudãnar da yawa-bayyana amo. Partridges, kamar yadda mai mulkin, da wuya tashi, suka kawai flit daga dutse zuwa dutse, tsalle cikas. Idan sun kasance tsoro, suka cika fuska flutter sa'an nan shirya kan kogon, ta haka ne yunƙurin kubuce la'anta.

Makawa mazaunan gida dutsen ne tsattsewa. Kuma a kan m ganuwar kankara an samu lokaci-lokaci stenolaz, wannan kyakkyawan tsuntsu, fluttering kamar malam. Waving da shunayya-baki fuka-fuki, suka kama m malam.

A sosai high a duwãtsu sanaki Himalayan ungulu. Har yanzu shi a Kazakhstan kira kuma. Dole ne in ce cewa wannan tsuntsu ne daya daga uku na duniya most da yara. Duniya tsuntsaye a ajiye sosai arziki, godiya ga cewa sosai daban-daban na halitta shafukan a cikin ƙasa, daga cikin hamada filayen da kuma kawo karshen manyan duwãtsu.

The National Park kokarin ta ma'aikata ajiye bambancin da rai ko maras rai yanayi.

yawon shakatawa

A halin yanzu, da National Park daukan wani aiki yawon shakatawa kungiyoyin on da karkararta. Kuma da tafiya lokaci zai iya zama mai daban-daban. A guntu tafiya - a rana. Duk da haka, ganin dukkan gani, kana bukatar ka ciyar da yawa fiye da lokacin da.

Tamanin da ajiye domin Kazakhstan ne sosai high, saboda akwai tsunduma a cikin adana miyagun dabbobi masu shayarwa. Bugu da kari, yankin na shakatawa ya dade wani gwaji ƙasa domin aiki aiki a kan adana daga cikin fauna daga wadannan wurare. Godiya ga aiki kiyayewa da matakan da yaki da mafarauta a ajiye bareyi yawon ba tare da tsoro ba. Ko da a cikin tsakiyar XX karni, akwai kamar wata dozin, da kuma yanzu a ajiye shi ne gida mafi girma da yawan jama'a.

A shekarar 2003, farkon aiki aiki a kan maido da yanayin daji doki Przewalski, suka bace a Kazakhstan a cikin XVIII karni. Duk da haka, wannan aikin tabbatar da quite wuya, saboda kasar ne kowa kiwo da kuma yawo a kusa da ajiye suna da yawa dawakai da cewa ya hana kau da tsarki irin.