Cargo saukar ungulu. Babbar helikofta a duniya

The most kaya helikofta tsara da kuma gina a cikin Tarayyar Soviet. Its mafi cikakken bayanin zai gabatar a karshen na nazari. A jirgin sama zai iya daukar kashe tsaye, saukowa, Tsayar da kuma motsa tare da manyan kaya a nesa. A ƙasa zaka iya karanta game da dama inji da aka jera a matsayin mafi girma a helikofta a duniya.

Mi-10 Rotary-reshe inji

A Soviet kai na'urar, wanda aka ɓullo daga shekarar 1961 zuwa 1964. A nasa ne da category na soja motocin, tsara a kan tushen farko Mi-6. Ya sa a cikin aiki, a 1963. Yawan darajar dagawa kayan aiki ne 15 ton. Weight na wofi abin hawa a kusan sau biyu a matsayin babban matsayin matsakaicin gudun - 235 kilomita awa.

The m takeoff nauyi - 43,7 t biyu sunan -. "National crane". A kan jirgin yana dauke da ashirin da takwas fasinjoji da aka tsara da farko don shari ballistic makamai masu linzami.

"Sikorsky CH-53E»

Wannan gyara ne mai nauyi kai da jirgin sama, wanda aka dauke da most rotorcraft gina a Amurka. Wannan ainihin manufar - don gudanar da wani musamman yadda ake gudanar a cikin sojin rundunar jiragen ruwa. Duk da haka, daga baya da kaya helikofta Sikorsky CH-53E ya fara da za a yi amfani da sauran yankunan. Lokacin aiki ya tabbatar da za a iya dogara da tasiri high-gudun na'ura.

Naúrar ne a sabis tare da kasashe da dama, ciki har da Jamus, da Amurka, Mexico da kuma Isra'ila. A total number of bayar fiye da 520 inji wannan jerin. Iyakance Take-kashe nauyi na 19 ton, a kalla kudi na gudun - 315 kilomita awa, nauyin wani komai abu - 10.7 m.

"Boeing MH-47E Chinook» da kuma Bell AH-1 "Super gamsheka"

MH model ne daya daga cikin bambancin da wani sojin Amurka kai helikofta, sanya a kan tushen da CH-47C. A amfani tun shekara ta 1991. Tã fiye da 10 ton, yana da top gudun kan 310 km / h, kuma an dauki daya daga cikin gaggawa jirage masu saukar ungulu kofe a duniya. Ya ci gaba da za a yi amfani da su a wasu kasashe a yau.

"Super gamsheka" - wani irin twin-engined American fama jirage masu saukar ungulu, da dalilin da ya precursor daga cikin jerin AH-1W. A gyara ne babban mai daukan hankali da karfi da Amurka sojin rundunar jiragen ruwa. Speed mota dokin 350 kilomita awa, kuma da nauyi - kusan 5 ton a lokacin da komai, da kuma na uku mafi lõkacin da cikakken sanye take.

Hughes XH-17 kaya helikofta

Wannan naúrar aka gina baya a shekara ta 1952. A wannan lokacin an dauke shi samun nauyi (19.7 ton). Wannan tashi crane amfani ga dagawa da shari nauyi da waje dakatar. Saki naúrar kawai guda kwafin na gwajin jirgin da ya faru a Culver City (CA). Reserve gudun - kilomita 145 a kowace awa. Har yanzu, wannan mota rike da rikodin ga girman da na'ura mai juyi diamita na 36,9 mita.

"Sikorsky CH-54 Tarhe»

Tã kai helikofta a cikin wannan jerin aka musamman tsara don US Army. Ya yi wani yawan ayyukan a lokacin Vietnam yaƙin neman zaɓe. Domin duk lokacin da 105 inji wannan canji da aka saki. Naúrar riqe da rikodin ga iyakar tsawo domin kwance hijirar (11 kilomita) da kuma mafi high-spirited Yunƙurin har zuwa uku da tara kilomita. Its nauyi - 9 ton, matsakaicin gudun - 240 km / h. M takeoff nauyi na 21 ton. Rayayye amfani da sojojin na kasashe daban-daban.

Mi-24

Cargo jirage masu saukar ungulu Rasha da wannan canji tsara don tallafawa sojojin ƙasa to kai nauyi. A kan jirgin zai iya daukar har zuwa takwas fasinjoji, ba kirgawa biyu daga matukan jirgi. The inji aka dauke su da farko a Turai da kuma na biyu a duniya, na ga wani musamman fama rotorcraft fasaha. A Mi-24 ne a hidima tare da kusan talatin kasashen.

Su unofficial sunayen ( "Gal", "kada", "Glass") da na'urar ta samu a lokacin da Afghanistan yaƙin neman zaɓe. Last laƙabi makale a bayansa godiya ga wani lebur gilashin ayyuka, wanda aka sanye take da m ɓangare na gida. Iyakance jirgin nauyi - 11.1 ton gudun dokin - 335 kilomita awa. komai naúrar weighs 7.5 ton.

MI-6

A jirgin sama na da more suna fadin yi fiye da Mi-10 da aka tsara don amfani a yakin da kuma soja dalilai. Helikofta gwajin jirgin a lokacin rani na shekara ta 1957. fiye da ɗari biyar kofe aka samar har 1972. Matsakaicin wajibi kudi ne 12 ton. A lokacin da ya dauki daya daga cikin mafi Hardy, azumi Rotary-reshe jirgin sama da ciwon iyakar gudun kilomita 300 a kowace awa. Iyakance takeoff nauyi - 42,5 ton, kuma babu komai a abin hawa nauyi - 27.2 tons.

B-12 (Ni-12)

Gwajin twin-dunƙule saukar ungulu ne mafi girma a mota daga takwarorina, a duniya. Ya ya kamata mu yi jigilarsu lodi yin la'akari ba kasa da 30 ton, ciki har da hardware abubuwa intercontinental dabarun ballistic makamai masu linzami. Total gina biyu irin wannan inji, daya daga cikinsu dauke da wani nauyi na 44.2 ton zuwa tsawo na 2.2 dubu mita. The nauyi na komai na'urar - 69 ton, matsakaicin takeoff nauyi - 105 ton, da kuma gudun dokin - 260 km / h. Daya kwafin ya zama yanzu gidan kayan gargajiya yanki, da kuma sauran hidima a matsayin nuni hadaddun ga Air Force al'amurran da suka shafi.

rikodin-wato Ubangiji Yesu Kristi

The most kaya saukar ungulu, wanda aka saka a cikin samarwa - ne Mi-26. La'akari da halaye da kuma siffofin a mafi daki-daki. The inji aka tsara baya a cikin seventies na karshe karni. A farko jirgin da aka gane a cikin shekarar 1977. Babbar manufar wannan tsarin - da yiwuwar soja amfani da} ungiyoyin amfani.

Modern Mi-26 tsara da farko a kan sojojin reshe, za a iya safarar wata babbar yawan fasinjojin da kuma nauyi. Shi ne ya kamata a lura cewa da iyaka ne gwada da kananan. Ba tare da MOTA KE SHAN MAI da kaya tare da cikakken man fetur tankuna helikofta iya rufe game da ɗari takwas kilomita. Game da impressiveness na na'ura nuna ta size. A tsawon na abin hawa ne 40 mita, da diamita daga cikin babban propeller - 32 mita, yayin da nisa daga cikin kaya daki - 3.2 mita.

Features na Mi-26

An fito da kaya saukar ungulu yana da abũbuwan amfãni, kuma yana wa bashi dama records kafa tun kafin ma ta serial samar. A shekarar 1982, cikin na'ura ya iya sãmi ĩko wani nauyi na 25 ton, dagawa da shi zuwa tsawo na hudu kilomita. Dukan nauyin da naúrar amounted zuwa fiye da 56,5 tons. Nine duniya records kafa ta matukin Irinoy Kopets. Bugu da kari, wani Rotary reshe jirgin sama ƙungiya daga jirgin iya shawo kan sake zagayowar tsawon, dubu biyu kilomita lokacin nassi ta hanyar da karfi meteorological baki a cruising gudun game da 280 km / h.

Mi-26 da yake iya shari wani iri-iri na fama motocin wanda nauyi ba ya wuce 20 ton. Loading inji ne da za'ayi ƙarƙashin da kansa ikon ta hanyar raya ƙyanƙyashe, da ciwon biyu daga swings bude bude yatsun. Bugu da kari, da helikofta iya saukar da 80 dakarun ko 68 paratroopers mutane. Idan ya cancanta, da na'urar da aka kerata ga harkokin sufuri na rauni iya saukar da wani gadon ɗauka maras lafiya da kuma uku rakiyar likita ma'aikatan. Cikin kewayon ne samuwa ƙara da jirgin ta hanyar shigarwa na ƙarin man fetur tankuna kai tsaye a cikin kaya daki.

Da sigogi na Mi-26 tabbatarwa shirin

Kasa ne babban fasaha halaye na helikofta:

• size of hali / tuƙi propeller - 32 / 7.6 mita a diamita.
• da yawan ruwan wukake a kan babban propeller - takwas guda.
• da tsawon da na'ura - 40 mita.
• shasi (sawu / tushe) - 8.95 / 5 m.
• taro (min / Max / shawarar) - 28 / 49,5 / 56 ton.
• load damar fihirisar (a cikin taksi / a waje dakatar) - 20/20 m.
• tsawon / nisa / tsawo daga cikin kaya sarari - 12 / 3.2 / 3.1 m.
• ƙungiya - biyu ko shida mutane (a cikin management na cikin matsanancin dakatar).
• matsakaicin fasinja iya aiki - 80 mutane.
• powerplant - tururi inji mai farfela engine ikon 11 400 horsepower kowane;
• gudun (iyaka / cruising) - 300/265 kilomita awa.
• man fetur amfani - 3.1 t / h.
• ikon ajiye a kalla kaya ne 475 km.

Rufi wannan helikofta dabam tsakanin 4.6 km a wani talakawan Take-kashe nauyi na 49,6 tons.

kayan aiki

Developing soja kaya helikofta Mi-26, designers sun dauki la'akari da shortcomings da rauni da maki na baya model. Advantageously canje-canje sun iska intakes. Kafin wadannan abubuwa saita kariya daga turɓãya, sa shi yiwuwa a tsarkake da ya kwarara daga saba'in cikin dari. Wannan shawarar yarda da Take-kashe daga m yankunan, tare da compromising engine yi.

Bugu da kari, ya canza gyara shafukan da ba su bukatar ƙarin kayan aiki a lokacin da, don tare da na'ura makanikai. Ta sauƙi loading da Ana saukewa da aka bayar da wata biyu daga hau dagawa damar 5000 kg. Har ila yau, za a iya daidaita da loading gangara ta wajen wani na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa drive wanda za a iya sarrafawa daga Matuka jirgin, da kaya daki ko waje da helikofta. A developers sun sanye take da jirgin sama a kusa da na'urorin abin sauƙaƙe loading na abin hawa, ko kai tsaye daga ƙasa.

Haše-haše Mi-26 da aka samar da sabuwar fasaha da kuma fasaha nasarori. The saukar ungulu yana sanye take da wani yanayin radar da damar don tashi, ko da kuwa yanayin yanayi da kuma lokacin da rana. Wannan na'urar siffofi high daidaituwa, da kuma kafa shi a cikin 'yan mintuna. Akwai kuma wani uku-tashar autopilot a Matuka jirgin, kyautata ãyõyinSa rikodi tsarin da jirgin da bayanai.

sakamakon

Cargo helikofta Mi-26 samar ya zuwa yanzu, da kuma duk godiya ga kyau kwarai yi da kuma wani babban matakin tsaro. Duk da haka, samar da quite suna fadin, yawanci motoci kerarre karkashin musamman umarni. Naúrar ne kullum ana kyautata, sanye take da zamani na'urorin kuma ya cika dukan} asashen duniya, a cikin ajin.