Bitrus 3: a takaice biography. Biography of Sarkin sarakuna Peter III Fedorovich

Historical Figures, musamman a lokacin da ta je ƙasarsa ta kasar, ko da yaushe karatu da ban sha'awa. Mulki mutane, wanda ya tsaya a kwalkwali na ikon a Rasha zuwa exert da tasiri a kan ci gaban kasar. Wasu daga cikin sarakunan da dokoki domin shekaru, wasu - a taƙaice, amma duk mutane sun kasance m da kuma ban sha'awa. Sarkin sarakuna Bitrus 3 sharudda dogon, nan da nan ya mutu, amma ya bar ya alama a cikin tarihin kasar.

sarauta tushen

Nufin Elizabeth, mulki a Rasha kursiyin daga 1741, domin} arfafa kursiyin a kan layi na Bitrus, mai girma, ya kai ga cewa ta ayyana magajin dan dan'uwansa. Ta yara ta yi ba, amma da mazan da 'yar'uwa girma da ɗa, wanda yake zaune a cikin gidan Adolfa Frederika a nan gaba - Sarkin Sweden.

Carl Bitrus, Elizabeth ta dan wa, shi ne dan da 'yarsa da Bitrus I - Anna Petrovna. Nan da nan bayan haihuwa, ta zama da rashin lafiya da kuma mutu nan da nan bayan. Lokacin da Carl Bitrus yana shekaru 11 da haihuwa, ya rasa mahaifinsa. Hana iyaye Bitrus 3, a takaice biography wanda yake magana game da shi, sai ya tafi ya zauna tare da xan baffansa - Adolf Frederick. Proper tarbiyyar da kuma ilimi ya samu matsayin farko Hanyar malamai ya da wani "itace".

Ya yi wani dogon lokaci zuwa tsaya a kusurwar, wani lokacin a cikin Peas, da kuma yaron ta kumbura daga wannan juyi. Yana duk ta dage ta mark a kan kiwon lafiya: Carl Bitrus yana yaro m, sau da yawa rashin lafiya. By yanayin da Sarkin sarakuna Bitrus 3 mutum girma m, ba mugunta ba, kuma sosai m soja al'amura. Amma a lokaci guda, masana tarihi NOTE: kasancewa a cikin samartaka, so su sha ruwan inabi.

magaji Elizabeth

Kuma a cikin 1741, Elizaveta Petrovna hau Rasha kursiyin. Daga wannan lokacin da rayuwar Karl Peter Ulrich ya canza: a 1742, ya zama magajin ga Empress, kuma ya aka kawo Rasha. The alama ya yi a kan Empress depressing: da ta same shi mai raɗaɗi, kuma m matasa. Al'amurra Orthodoxy, aka raɗa masa suna Peter Fedorovich, kuma a cikin kwanaki da sarautar da aka kira a hukumance Peter F. 3.

A cikin shekaru uku da shekaru tare da shi aka tsunduma tutors da kuma malamai. Babban malami ne ya Academician Yakob Shtelin. Ya yi imani da cewa nan gaba sarki - m saurayi, amma sosai m. Bayan shekara uku na binciken ya aka sosai talauci ƙware da Rasha harshen: ungrammatical rubuce-rubuce da kuma magana, hadisai ba koya. Peter Fedorovich son fariya, da kuma ya yiwuwa ga karye - wadannan halaye da aka alama ta wurin malamai. The title na aikin da ma'anar kalmar "jikan Petra Velikogo."

3 Peter F. - aure

A 1745 shi ya faru da aure da Bitrus Fedorovich. Sai matarsa ta Princess Ekaterina Alekseevna. Sunansa ne ma samu bayan tallafi na Orthodoxy: Sunan Yankan ta Sophia Augusta Fredericka na Anhalt-Zerbst. Da shi shi ne gaba Empress Catherine II.

Bikin aure kyauta daga Elizabeth zama Oranienbaum cewa a kusa da St. Petersburg, da kuma Moscow Region Lyubertsy. Amma da conjugal dangantaka tsakanin amarya da ango ba ya ƙara sama. Ko da yake a duk muhimmanci tattalin arziki da kasuwanci harkokin, Peter Fedorovich ko da yaushe shawara da matarsa, ta yi ta amincewa.

Rayuwa har zuwa cikin sa kambi

Bitrus 3, a takaice biography of shi magana game da shi, ba su da aure dangantakar da matarsa. Amma daga baya, bayan 1750, ya yi mashi tiyata. A sakamakon haka, suna da wani ɗa, wanda ya zama m Sarkin sarakuna Paul I. Elizaveta Petrovna kaina ya kula da ta jikansa, kawai zabi shi daga iyayensu.

Bitrus ya gamsu da wannan Jihar harkokin, da kuma ƙara saki daga matarsa. Ya kasance m da sauran mata, har ma ya fi so na - Elizabeth Vorontsova. Bi da bi, da kuma Catherine, domin kauce wa Loneliness, yana da wata dangantaka da Polish Jakadan - Stanisław Agusta Poniatowski. Biyu kasance a kan m sharuddan da juna.

Haihuwa na 'yar

A 1757, Catherine yana da wani 'yarsa, da kuma ta ne da aka ba sunan - Anna Petrovna. Bitrus 3, a takaice biography cewa, ya tabbatar da wannan hujja a hukumance furuci yar. Amma masana tarihi, ba shakka, akwai shakku a matsayin wa ubanci. A 1759, yana da shekaru biyu, da yaro fadi da rashin lafiya kuma ya mutu da smallpox. Sauran yara Bitrus ya ba more.

A shekarar 1958, Peter Fedorovich ya subordinated sansanin sojoji na zuwa daya da rabi dubu. Kuma duk kayayyakin lokaci, ya aka bai wa sha'awa: tsunduma a horo sojoji. Board Bitrus 3 bai yi ba tukuna, amma ya riga ya kirawo maƙiya hali na nobility da mutane. A sabili da dukan da aka undisguised juyayi ga Sarkin Prussia - Frederick II. Ya yi nadãma, cewa ya kasance magajin zuwa Rasha tsar da kuma ba da Yaren mutanen Sweden sarki, unwillingness yarda Rasha al'adu, Rasha harshen ne matalauta - duk tare ta da ƙin yarda da Bitrus talakawa.

Board Bitrus 3

Bayan rasuwar Elizabeth, a karshen 1761, ya yi kira sarki Peter III. Amma ya ba da lashe. Irin manufofin da suka fara bi Peter Fedorovich? Kamar yadda shi ne ya m siyasa ne m, kuma ya dauki wani samfurin na siyasa kakansa - Bitrus I. Sarkin sarakuna Bitrus 3, a takaice, da ya yanke shawarar zama a matsayin mai kyautatãwa. Abin da ya gudanar ya yi a lokacin da yake short mulkinsa, shi aza harsashin ginin for sarautar matarsa - Catherine.

Amma da yawan kuskure da suka aikata a kasashen waje da manufofin: ya tsaya da yaki da Prussia. Kuma, ƙasa wadda na Rasha sojojin sun riga lashe a Gabas Prussia, ya koma wurin sarki Frederick. A cikin sojojin, da Sarkin sarakuna shiga duk wannan Prussian domin, aka je ciyar da secularization na coci da kuma ta ƙasar kwaskwarima, shirya don yaki da Denmark. By wadannan ayyuka, Bitrus 3 (takaice dai biography ya tabbatar da shi), ya rabu da coci.

juyin mulki

Rashin so ga Bitrus a kan kursiyin ya bayyana kafin ya koma sama. Ko a karkashin Elizabeth Chancellor Bestuzhev-Ryumin fara shirya wani kaidi nan gaba sarki. Amma saboda haka ya faru da cewa 'yan maƙarƙashiya fadi daga ni'imar da ya ba gama ta aiki. Da Bitrus, jim kadan kafin mutuwar Elizabeth, 'yan adawa da aka kafa, wanda ya kunshi: N. I. Panina, M. N. Volkonskogo, K. P. Razumovskogo. Sun hade da jami'an biyu regiments: da Preobrazhensky da Izmailovsky. 3 Bitrus, a takaice, ya zuwa ba tãka zuwa kursiyin, a maimakon su kasance mãsu gina Catherine, matarsa.

Wadannan tsare-tsaren ba za a iya za'ayi saboda ciki da na haihuwa Catherine: ta haifi wani yaro daga Grigory Orlov. Haka kuma, shi ne ya yi ĩmãni da cewa Bitrus III siyasa discredits shi, amma zai bayar da shi mafi majiɓinta. By hadisin, a watan Mayu, sai Bitrus ya ga Oranienbaum. Yuni 28, 1762, sai ya tafi Peterhof, inda ya kasance saduwa Catherine kuma shirya wani biki a masa mutunci.

Maimakon haka, ta gaggauta zuwa Petersburg. Ga ta dauki bai'a daga cikin majalisar dattijai, da taron majalisar Krista, da kuma matsara na talakawa. Sa'an nan, ya yi rantsuwa da Kronstadt. Peter III koma zuwa Oranienbaum, inda ya sanya hannu ya abdication.

Karshen Peter III sarautar

Sa'an nan, ya aka aika zuwa Ropsha, inda ya rasu a mako daga baya. Ko ya aka hana ransa. Babu wanda zai iya ba jarraba kuma ƙi yarda. Kamar wancan ƙare mulkin Peter III, wanda ya sosai short da kuma ban tausayi. Ya mulki kasar kawai 186 kwanaki.

Mun binne shi a Alexander Nevsky Lavra: Bitrus ya ba da lashe, sabili da haka ba zai iya ba a binne shi a cikin Bitrus da Bulus Cathedral. Amma dan Paul na, ya zama sarki, duk gyara. Ya lashe mahaifinsa saura kuma reburied su kusa da Catherine.