Manoma 'yaki

Manoma 'War of 1773-1775 ya ba na farko tawaye na manoma. Riga shekaru goma kafin wannan taron, irin wadannan maganganu sun fi mutum arba'in. Ubangiji ya kawo masa serfs mai yanke ƙauna. A karshen sukan yi nasara sosai, kuma ba ƙoƙari ya tsere. Daga cikin na kowa mutane arya manifestos da dokoki da cewa shi ne game da za a soke serfdom. Akwai mutane da yawa yawan ƙiren ƙarya. Saboda haka, shi ya hukumance rubuta shida lokuta na bayyanar kadai, "Bitrus III», wanda a zahiri ya mutu a 1762. Kan bango na abubuwan da suka faru da aka bayyana, da kuma karya baƙauye yaki jagorancin Emelyana Pugacheva.

Ya aka haife kan Don, a kauyen Zimoveyskoy (a cikin wannan, inda a shekara ɗari da cewa ya zo ya Stepan Razin). Ko da a cikin shekaru 17 ya kasance a yaki da Turkey, da kuma Prussia. Domin ƙarfin zuciya da yaƙi, ya samu daraja da ƙaho. Emelyan aka kama domin kare bukatun talakawa Cossacks da kuma manoma. A 1773 ya tsere daga kurkuku a Kazan. Bayyana a kan Yaik, ya gabatar da kansa a matsayin Peter III da suka taru wurinsa 80 Cossacks. Bayan makonni biyu, da yawan sojojinsa ya riga 2500 mutane.

Baƙauye yaki ko da ya fara daga Cossacks, shiga ta kuma aiki, da kuma serfs da sana'a, da kuma wakilan al'ummai da yawa daga cikin Volga yankin. Haka kuma, a karkashin daya united banner na ƙiyayya da Masters na Old Muminai, Musulmai, Majusawa, kuma Orthodox. E. Pugachev kariminci ba da umarni da kuma bayyana. Mafi shahara daga cikinsu yi wa'adi ga tsohon serf nufin, ƙasar, ƙasar, da warware su daga haraji.

Baƙauye yaki fara a kan wannan Yaik. Da farko Pugachev sojojin kama da karamin gari a kan kogin. Sai suka kewaye da Orenburg - wani muhimmin karfi a kudu-gabashin kasar. Don beli daga birnin Sarauniya sojojin jagorancin Janar Kara. Janar sojojin da aka ci, Bashkirs, suka kasance tare da ita, ya dauki gefe na Pugachev. Kafa sojojin na ci gaba da mamaye biranen Rasha.

A shekara daga baya Pugachev karshe ci kusa Orenburg. Baƙauye War shiga ta biyu lokaci. Ƙungiyarku 'yan tawayen koma ga Urals, shiga da darajõji kuma, tun koma Kazan, nasara da shi. Duk da haka, birnin da suka garzaya da Sarauniya sojojin karkashin jagorancin Michelson. A wannan yaki ne Pugachev kasa. Ɗari biyar daga cikin mutanensa, ya koma zuwa wancan gefe na Volga.

Manoma 'War ƙare tare da jirgin na Pugachev, ko da yake shi ya duba wajen mamayewa. Motsi tare da Volga saukar don samun to Don, da sojojin ci gaba a kan hanyar zuwa kama birnin. Kuma kawai da latest yunkurin kama Tsaritsyn sanã'anta shi a karshe shan kashi. Pugachev da dintsi na mabiya suka tattara a hayin Volga, fatan da sauri tãra wani rukuni sake. Duk da haka, akwai Cossack daga m cewa kama shi da kuma aika zuwa ga sarauniya keji Moscow zuwa, game da shi tãrãwa ta ni'ima. A Janairu 1775 Pugachev da aka kashe tare da magoya bayansa a kan Bolotnaya Square. An yi musu horo da sauran 'yan wasan kwaikwayon. Rafts, wanda ya kafa gumagumai da talking gawawwakin mutane hukuncin kisa da aka saki a cikin yin iyo a fadin Volga, don tursasa wa mutane da kuma hana yiwuwar wani tawaye.

The sojojin manoma, a karkashin jagorancin Pugachev aka ci, duk da taro. Dalilin wannan shi ne ya spontaneity, taro na zirga-zirga a cikin guda wuri, mai tsanani karancin makamai, daban-daban na zamantakewa matsayi na mahalarta, da rashin fili ya bayyana manufofin, bayyananne shirin, a butulci bangaskiya a cikin mai kyau monarch.

Amma shi aiki a matsayin wata kara kuzari ga Catherine II na lamba na ya gyara aikinsa, tare da girmamawa ga gudanarwa a ƙasa, kazalika da bunqasar da dokokin a kan hakkin na yawan azuzuwan.