"Big Ashirin": da tarihi da kuma raga na kungiyar. Wanne kasashe suna kunshe a cikin G20?

A wannan duniya kungiyar mu ji mutane da yawa. Lokacin da akwai wani "Big Ashirin"? Mene ne manufofin da ka'idodinta forum? Wanne kasashe suna kunshe a cikin G20? Duk da wannan - a cikin labarin.

Tarihi daga cikin kungiyar

Kafin amsa wannan tambaya na da kasashen mambobi ne na kungiyar G20, ya kamata a takaicce aka fayyace tarihi na wannan kungiyar. Kuma ma, a lokacin da aka kafa shi.

"Big Ashirin", "Group of Ashirin" ko kawai G20 - a duniya duniya forum cewa kawo tare da duniya ta manyan tattalin arziki. A cikin kasashen da na wannan kungiyar, shi ne mayar da hankali game da 85% na dukkan duniya cinikayya.

G20 halittar shekara ne 1999. The m yanke shawara a kan kafa irin wannan forum aka sanya a wani taro na kudi ministocin "Big Bakwai" a Washington. A farko shigarwa da aka gudanar a watan Disamba wannan shekara a birnin Berlin.

A impetus ga kafa na G20 ya zama abin da ake kira gabashin Asiya tattalin arziki da rikicin na 1998, sakamakon wanda ya shafi kusan dukan duniya. "Muhimman cewa zama" sun gane da bukatar irin wannan duniya, kungiyar da zai iya hango ko hasashen da kuma hana irin wannan crises a cikin tattalin arzikin duniya.

Yana da ban sha'awa cewa da farko akwai wata kungiya da ake kira G33, wanda a hade, da bi, da 33 Amirka. Duk da haka, kasa da shekara guda, ta canza kama zuwa da G20. Wanne kasashe suna kunshe a cikin abun da ke ciki? Karanta game da shi a cikin gaba sashe.

G20 kasashe: jerin mambobi

Sha'awa, da 'yan takara na "Group of Ashirin" da aka dauka kawai ministocin kasashen biyu - Amurka da kuma Canada. Wanne kasashe suna kunshe a cikin G20 a yau?

The International Forum hada da 19 manyan tattalin arziki da kuma kungiyar tarayyar Turai a matsayin na gama kungiyar. Bugu da kari, tarurruka da kuma G20 summits ne sau da yawa m, da kuma wakilan wasu kungiyoyin kasa da kasa - IMF, da bankin duniya, da Turai Babban Bankin.

Aka jera a kasa ne duk G20 kasashe (jerin kamar yadda na 2015):

1. Australia.
2. Argentina.
3. Brazil.
4. Canada.
5. Mexico.
6. Amurka.
7. Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Kudu.
8. Japan.
9. Koriya ta Kudu.
10. Rasha.
11. India.
12. Indonesia.
13. Sin.
14. Saudi Arabia.
15. Turkey.
16. UK.
17. Italiya.
18. Jamus.
19. Faransa.

Dukan kasashe-mahalarta na kasa da kasa forum aka nuna a rawaya a kan taswira kasa (more cikakken dafa kaddamarda States cewa wani bangare ne na "babban bakwai").

G20: manufar da siffofin

Kungiyar da aka kafa tare da guda Babban manufar: cimma karko da kuma] orewar ci gaban tattalin arzikin duniya domin amfanin dukkan, ba tare da togiya, da kasashe a duniya.

Babban nau'i na aiki - yana da tarurruka da kuma summits cewa G20-kasashe mambobin kungiyar ziyarci kowace shekara. A kowace shekara mu zabi daya bayyana a cikin rawar da shugaban kungiyar. Yana kuma da za'ayi da kuma na gaba da taron. G20 rikon sakatariyar ne ma dake cikin wannan kasa.

Kada zaton cewa G20 ayyukan ake iyakance kawai summits, wanda ya faru sau daya a shekara. Su ne kawai aka fayyace shirin aiwatar da aiki da kuma ayyukan a kan wanda aikin da aka ci gaba da a daban-daban na aiki kungiyoyin da sassan ma'aikatu. Daga cikin key manufofin da kungiyar - don nemo hanyoyin da za a daidaita tattalin arziki, da ci gaban da kudi ta duniya gine-gine, da ci gaban zamantakewa da kayayyakin more rayuwa, abinci tsaro, da hukuncin matsaloli na cin hanci da rashawa da kuma ko da] a] e da kuma gabatarwa da daban-daban muhalli da sauyin yanayi da shirye-shirye.

A lokaci guda, da G20 tsarin sau da yawa lends kanta zuwa mutuncin zargi. Da fari dai, saboda an hada da 173 ne ba ɓangare na jihar na duniya. Na biyu, da rashin nuna gaskiya a cikin aikin da duka shiri.

A shekara-shekara summits na "Big Ashirin"

Shekara-shekara summits tare da sa hannu na shugabanni da firayin ministoci na Organization na "Big Ashirin" ya fara gudanar da wani a 2008. A farko da ya faru a Washington da kuma kira anti-rikicin. Babban batun da tattaunawa a taron ajanda da aka rikicin kudi na duniya na 2007-2008.

A shekara ta 2009 da kuma 2010, da G-20 taron da aka gudanar har sau biyu. Masana sun lura cewa babban muhimmanci shi ne Seoul taron koli, wanda ya faru a cikin watan Nuwamba 2010. A da shi, musamman, jigo na Amurka monetary manufofin da kasar Sin. A banbanci a duniya al'umma da kuma ya sa Australia taron a Brisbane a 2014. Ya aka tashe ta uku latsa matsaloli: yaki da cin hanci da rashawa, da Ukrainian rikicin da kuma matsalar tsaro duniya baki daya.

Rasha da kuma G-20

A 2014, Rasha da aka cire daga tsarin, a maimakon haka, ta dakatar da membobinsu a cikin G8 kungiyar. Saboda haka, "Big Takwas" ya koma zuwa ga G7 format. Da ewa ba bayan, an bayar da rahoton cewa Rasha ya yi niyyar rabu da dama su shiga a cikin forum da kuma G20.

A mafi muhimmanci na Rasha Federation yau saita Australia. A gwamnati na tsibirin al'umma ta zargi Rasha da ake da hannu a wani hadarin, "a Boeing MD-17" a cikin sama a kan Donbas. Duk da haka, da Ostiraliya da taron koli a Brisbane, da Rasha, tawagar da aka gayyace. A cikin "Big Ashirin," da shawarar da aka sanya a cikin bege cewa shi zai taimaka wajen "ya rage geopolitical tashin hankali" a duniya.

A ƙarshe ...

Yanzu da ka san wanda kasashen mambobi ne na G20. International Organization kafa a 1999. Da farko, ta shirya da kuma gudanar da tarurruka da kuma shawarwari tsakanin finance ministocin daban-daban jihohi. Daga baya, shugaban na kasashen da hannu a cikin G20, da kuma kungiyar da ta fara don magance karin duniya matsaloli.

A zamani tsarin da G20 ya hada da 19 suka samu 'yancin daga daban-daban nahiyoyi, kazalika da na gama shiri - Kungiyar Tarayyar Turai (EU).