A m na Winter Palace a St. Petersburg

The gine na Arewa babban birnin na Rasha yana cike da duniya-mashahuri sunayen. A nan mun yi aiki a cikin ni'imar da sarakuna da kuma manya irin ginshiƙai kamar yadda Rossi, Quarenghi, Rastrelli, Montferrand, Felten, Trezzini da yawa wasu. Bari mu magana game da wasiyya daga cikin manyan m of St. Petersburg, mahaliccin da babban facade na wannan ban mamaki birni, rinjaye Palace Square da kuma duk na m zamanin da ake kira balagagge Baroque a Rasha. Wannan, ba shakka, game da Winter. Bayyana sunan ta kafa. Wannan m Rastrelli. A Winter Palace ne ba kawai da kambi na aiki daga cikin shahararrun m, amma kuma wani gine-gine abin tunawa daga karni na sha takwas.

Early aiki

Winter Palace m, aka haife shi a Paris a 1700, inda mahaifinsa - wani Italian sculptor - sa mai yawa kokarin tabbatar da cewa tasowa da basira, da zarar sun gani wani ɗã. Bayan nazari a Paris, Rastrelli a 1716 tare da baba na koma Rasha. A farko, nan gaba m na Winter Palace aka aiki a matsayin mataimakin wa mahaifinsa, amma a 1722 sai ya fara nasa aiki a wani sabon kuma sau da yawa maƙiya kasar. Up har sai 30th shekara, sai ya yi tafiya zuwa Turai, yafi zuwa Italiya, Jamus, France. Babban manufar wadannan ziyara za a iya kira horo. A wannan lokaci, ya soma abubuwa da yawa daga Turai Masters, ta samar da nasu hangen nesa daga cikin Baroque style, wanda aka daure su bayyana kanta a cikin ta farko takardunku bayyana a cikin 30s na karni na sha takwas.

farkon lokaci

Future m na Winter Palace halitta da dama katako gine-gine a Moscow a 1730 da oda Anny Ioannovny, aka gudanar da kursiyin a lokacin. Jim kadan bayan motsi daga zamanin d babban birnin kasar na Empress a arewacin babban birnin kasar, a 1732, daukan up da aikin Rastrelli Winter Palace, shi ne na uku, amma ba tukuna na karshe. Bugu da kari, biyu daga cikin fadar for Biron sanya a wannan lokaci. Kuma qishi ga Baroque mafi fili kafa a m da kuma manyan-sikelin ayyukan a lokaci guda daga yini.

Palace a Peterhof

A flowering na iyawa Rastrelli zo a lokaci na samuwar da ikon da Empress Elizabeth. Ya samu m umarni domin manyan-sikelin ayyukan na kasa muhimmancin. The ayyukan Masters kafa fuskar Rasha da kuma duniya gine. Luxury gama alama ce ta ikon da dũkiyõyi na daular. A shafin na yanzu castle Engineering tsiro wani sabon bazara fada ga uwargidan na jihar. A lokacin daga 1746 zuwa 1755 shekaru, godiya ga kokarin m, yakan yanzu shahara a duk faɗin duniya Grand Peterhof Palace. Tare da 1752 for 1756 - akalla sanannun Palace of Tsarskoye Selo. An kai na kasa da kasa daraja kuma so hakan jihar Elite.

Tsarskoye Selo Palace

Manyan, ko Catherine Palace, zauna a Tsarskoye Selo - shi ne kullum raba hira. The duniya shahara ginin ya samu ga m gwaninta daga cikin m, rike da ya erection. Wannan shi ne daya daga cikin shahararrun halittun, ya jagoranci master zuwa da kambi na dukan wasiyya, saboda shi ne ya bi da fitacciyar aka halitta, wanda yanzu gidaje daya daga cikin arziki gidajen tarihi a duniya - da Winter Palace a St. Petersburg. A m sa a cikin shi duka su babbar tara a lokacin da kwarewa da kuma a kalla iyawa, ba ginin, wanda wannan rana janyo hankalin miliyoyin masu yawon bude ido a ga.

A hunturu Palace

Saboda haka, m na Winter Palace dauki kan ta yi a 1754. A wannan lokaci, da maigida, a shekaru da kuma ba kawai yaudare Elite na duniya na al'adu da kuma siyasa, amma kuma yana da lokaci ga wannan koshi, da gina daya daga cikin shahararrun gine-gine da Monuments na da ake kira balagagge Baroque, wanda, ba zato ba tsammani, ya outlived da rana. Gininsu, kusan ya cika kammala ta 1762. Wannan hadadden ne da gaske majestic. A sharuddan shi ne babban rufaffiyar murabba'ai da baranda. A facade yake kallon Palace Square - shi ne mai aiki na gwaninta a cikin mafi bayyana.

A girmamãwa da gaskiya, bukukuwan saduwa da tsarin ba za a iya fi jaddada. Babu shakka, wannan shi ne abin da ke girmamawa ne m na Winter Palace. Lokacin da Bitrus 1, misali, wannan pretentiousness gama da aka ba ba wani da hankali, amma Elizabeth, 'yarsa, ya ƙaunace alatu, kuma an kullum kewaye da shi da kansa, ciki har da gine-gine.

Kuma duk wannan hunturu. Duka facade (da wanda ke da embankment, da kuma daya a kan Palace Square) a babban jituwa da wadata na ado, alatu, m An ruwaito cewa Rasha sarakuna da aka saba zuwa mafi kyau. Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa har yanzu a Petersburg drained wata babbar lamba na mutane don kaina ganin wadannan m exteriors da ciki ta fiye da ƙarni biyu da suka wuce.

'yan shekarun nan

Ya kamata a ambata cewa a wannan lokaci halitta daidai da muhimmanci abin tunawa daga gine. Shahararren Smolny Cathedral da aka gina a 1748-1764 shekaru. Kamar yadda ka sani, Catherine, wanda ya hau gadon sarautar, a 1762, bai son pretentiousness balagagge Baroque gine. Wannan yana daure wa shafar matsayin falala a kansu daga cikin tsarin mulki na Maestro. Da farko ya yi murabus kawai, sa'an nan gaba daya tafi Switzerland, kuma ba jiran cikar karshe ya halitta - da Smolny Cathedral. Rastrelli mutu a 1771, bisa ga shaidar daya - a Switzerland, a kan sauran - a Rasha. Wannan rashin tabbas kawai in ji da asiri na riga na almara aiki na da sanannen mahaliccin da na mallaka St. Petersburg facades da ciki.

Duk da haka, don haka wajen ingloriously, ya kawo karshen kwanaki wani sanannen m na Winter Palace, a lokacin da Bitrus ya fara girma aiki, da kuma lokacin da Catherine ya kammala shi. Amma halittarsa, kuma yanzu mamaki. Kuma, duk da kome da kome, da sunan m na Winter Palace zauna ga ƙarni daya daga cikin mafi girma.