Cikakken tarihinsa na Valentin Kataev

Babu wani abu abin mamaki a gaskiyar cewa Valentin Kataev aka fi sani a matsayin yara marubuci. Duk da haka, 'yan mutane san cewa ya aka bayar biyu crosses na St. George, da Order of St. Anne ta 4-th digiri, uku oda na Lenin, yana da lakabi na Hero of Socialist Labor (1974) da kuma na lashe Jihar Prize, saboda littafinsa "The Tinder Box" (1946).

A wannan labarin, za mu yi magana game da yadda za mu rayu Valentin Kataev. Biography da kuma aiki na da sanannen marubuci ba zai iya amma janye sha'awa.

Odessa-Mama

Valentin Petrovich aka haife shi a Odessa, Janairu 28, 1897 a wani ilimi iyali. Mahaifinsa shi ne dan wani firist daga Vyatka, kuma ma a vermja so su bi sahun mahaifinsa, amma, tun karatu a seminary, ya canza hanya a Novorossiysk University of Tarihi da kuma Philology, sa'an nan sanar a Odessa yar jam'iyyar kadet diocesan makaranta.

da marubuci mahaifiyar general 'yar. The iyali zauna farin ciki har abada bayan, amma ba ga tsawo. Jim kadan bayan haihuwar da ɗan'uwansa Valentine - Eugene - mace ne suka mutu da ciwon huhu. Kuma marãyu dauka a da ilimi ta 'yar'uwarsa.

Valentin Kataev: biography, photos

Valentin da Eugene tun suna yara shuka a soyayya ga gargajiya wallafe-wallafe, a cikin gidan yana da wata babbar library. Iyaye sau da yawa karanta littattafansu da ƙarfi.

Wannan nishadi da kuma wallafe-wallafen biography. Kataev Valentin Petrovich daga baya ya tuna cewa a cikin rubuce-rubucen ya sau da yawa ya bayyana basira iyali, kuma su samfur, kamar yadda mai mulkin, ya iyalinsa, wanda ya ko da yaushe mulki zafi dangantakar, babban jin kunya da selflessness.

Valentin yana da shekaru 12 da fara rubuta wakoki, wanda karanta duk a jere: dangi, yan'uwansu kuma abokai. Yana sha'awar ra'ayinsu. Kuma a sa'an nan ya, a matsayin] an makaranta, ya fara gudu a kusa da Editorial ofisoshin, inda ya waqe sun kasance a wani sauri ya dauki a buga su. Daya kawai waka "Autumn" tukuna aka buga a 1910 a "Odessa Gazette".

Yana kawai ya fuka-fuki zuwa goma sha uku shekara haihuwa matashi. Don hadari da Editorial ya dauki tare da ɗan'uwansa. Eugene tuna cewa ya yi kuka a lokacin da ya ja shi a cikin gaba edition saboda daya yana jin tsoro ya je Valentine. Saboda haka duk, da kuma ci gaba har sai da ya abõkin haɗi a cikin dakin motsa jiki ba da shawara shi ya je wa ubansa - Mitrofanovich marubuci Alexander Fedorov.

Ba da da ewa da ya riga ya wakilta Kataeva matsayin sosai m dalibi. Fedorov Masana shi da ayyukan Ivan Bunin. Kuma shi ya ga wani yaro abin mamaki na gaske shayari. Ya nan da nan ya tambayi mahaifinsa saya da shi da tarin waqe-waqe Bunin. The mahaifin na tausaya tsaya fitar da hawaye, ya yi tsammani cewa, a karshe, dansa zo zuwa ga hankula.

mafarki

A kowace shekara a Odessa ziyarci Bunin. Kuma yana da lokaci don samun san su da kaina. Shi ne mai matukar muhimmanci rana domin nan gaba na marubuci, kuma labarin game da biography. Kataev Valentin Petrovich zama model almajiri daga cikin shahararrun mawãƙi ne. Ya sanar da shi zuwa aiki, don rubuta wakoki a kowace rana, da kuma a cikin wannan binciken a matsayin pianist a kan piano, kullum honing ya basira.

Bunin ya ce wa almajirin, in ba haka ba scanty da basira a matsayin da kyau daga wanda ruwa ba ya dauki tsawon. Kataev bai san abin da ya rubuta game da, amma Bunin jãyayya da cewa wajibi ne a rubuta a kai a kai, har ma ba tare da zama dole wahayi cewa ka gani, misali, da teku, da Dutsen benci.

Bunin ba yawa amince da so Kataeva buga kowane waka a Odessa buga wallafe-wallafe da kuma shawarci ba rush yet. Ya san matasa mawãƙi, amma ya bayyana cewa, wannan mataki shi ne ya dauki lokaci domin shi a lokacin, kuma, suka gaggauta, kuma aka buga da yawa ayyukan da rauni, wanda shi ne yanzu sosai hakuri.

aunar

Biography Valentin Kataev ƙunshi ban sha'awa facts romantic yanayi, saboda jima ko daga baya zuwa kowane son akwai. Kusa da iyali ya rayu Kataev Alexeev.

Babbansu ya na Kanar Alekinskogo, sunanta Irene, da yarinya da aka m ci gaba. Ta fentin, sculpted, buga piano, rubuta lyrics da kuma rubuce mafi kyau a littafin rubutu. Sa'an nan a gidan Aleksinskoye kanta kafa wallafe-wallafen kulob wakoki masoya. Don zo da hau, wanda ba zai iya taimaka amma fada cikin soyayya tare da wani dadi da kuma kyakkyawa sosai yarinya, ya sadaukar da yawa ta waqe, da kuma shekaru masu yawa daga baya ya zama samfur image ya heroines a almarar.

yaki

A 1915, Kataev kuma ba graduating daga makarantar sakandare, da aka tilasta wa barin for gaban. Ya yi aiki a cikin rundunar sojojin karkashin umurnin cewa wannan makwabcin yanzu Alexinsky Janar, Irene ta mahaifinsa, inda ya rubuta wasiƙu, ya boye a damp, cramped da duhu dugouts. Akwai ya sau da yawa vsominal da daraja sau da kuma yadda ya shaida soyayya ga wata yarinya a gidan a kan baranda.

Ko da a cikin yaki Kataev, kasancewa kullum a karkashin wuta, ya bauta Bunin alkawari: rubuta a kai a kai, kuma a kowace rana. A wancan lokaci, ya halitta da yawa short labaru da kuma makala, wanda aka sa'an nan ya aiko wa ƙaunataccena a cikin Metropolitan mujallolin.

samu

Biography Valentin Kataev mafi daura da cewa ya koma wurin 'yan qasar Odessa zuwa karatu a cikin dakaru School a watan Disamba 1916. Wuta a lokacin yaki, sai ya ɗauki kan wasu daga cikin mafi kyau watanni ana kashe a mai kyau iyali yanayi. Sa'an nan, da yawa lokaci ciyar a Aleksinskoye Valentin Kataev (biography takaice dai, amma ambaci wadannan hujjoji) da kuma kwazo da waqe zuwa Irina. Ta rubutu yayin da muhimmanci uwa.

Amma a watan Mayu 1917 ya aka sake hagu zuwa gaba, inda ya aka munanan raunuka, kuma ta watan Nuwamba, ya kasance a cikin Odessa asibiti. Da zaran ya ji kadan taimako, nan da nan na fara aiki a kan anthology "Three sonnets", da aka buga a 1918. A wannan shekara ya samu labarai cewa Irene tsaya m da shi. Ga shi, wadannan kalmomi kara kamar hukuncin kisa. Duk da haka, rayuwa a cike lilo.

juyin juya halin da

Fara kõfatansu a kan duwatsu shekaru, daga 1917 zuwa 1920 ikon Odes canza 14 sau. A Soviet gwamnati ta ba su iya kafa da kanta, da kuma birnin zauna karkashin mulkin Hetman Skoropadsky. Odessa ya zama mai wucewa nufi ga Rasha ƙaura zuwa Berlin, Paris da kuma Konstantinoful. Saboda haka sai ya tafi kasashen waje, Ivan Bunin, Alexei Tolstoy, da kuma sauran sanannun marubuta da masana.

Kataev daga baya suka bauta wa a sa sojojin kuma suka yi jihãdi a kan jirgin ruwa na soja "New Rasha". zazzabi zarar ya zama yanka da fari da kuma ja. Bugu da marubuci jira Odessa asibiti da kuma na dawo da - aiki a cikin tangarahu Agency. Kamar yadda wani tsohon jami'in, ya aka sa a kurkuku, ya yi tunani da harbi, amma daga baya koyi da shi marubuci Kataeva tukuna saki.

Wadannan kwaikwayo yana da isasshen na rayuwa. Na zamaninsa jami'an suka ba su gudanar ko ba zai so ya bar Rasha, don tsufa kusan babu wanda ya rayu, suka kashe a cikin 20s da kuma gama kashe a cikin 37th. Wannan ya ko da ya so rubuta wani littafi, kuma da ya tsufa ya yi.

Moscow

A 1921, a kan mahaifinsa, ya mutu daga yunwa, kuma Kata tafi Kharkov, daga memory da Cheka, sa'an nan zuwa Moscow, inda ya fara aiki a cikin jaridar "fito". A ƙaura daga fatattakakkun babban birnin kasar, ya sannu a hankali ja da ɗan'uwansa, kuma abokai.

A wallafa gidan, sai ya sadu da likita Mihailom Bulgakovym, ma, tsohon White Guard da aka ma makale saboda zazzabi. Sun zama abokai. A dukan taro na marubuta rayu ne a Kataeva dakin a Chistye Prudy.

Bulgakov ziyarci 'yar'uwar Lola, gudu kan kankara a soyayya tare da ita nan take, kuma ya sanya ta wani tayin. Lola ƙi shi, sa'an nan hanzari Valentin aure Anna Kovalenko - artist. Kamfanin nan da nan ya ba da yarinya wani sunan barkwanci da Madame Mucha.

Kuma a sa'an nan ya calmly shige turakun, ya rubuta game da abin da na so da kuma dauke kaina sa'a.

A lokacin babban Patriotic Valentin Petrovich wani ɗan jarida na "Pravda" da kuma aka tsunduma a wallafa littattafai game da yaki. A shekarar 1942, Jamus harbe saukar da wani jirgin sama tafiya daga Moscow zuwa Novorossiysk da ɗan'uwansa, kuma wani marubuci, Eugene. Tom ya sa'an nan shekaru 39 da haihuwa, kuma ya kasance a co-marubucin I. Ilf labari "12 Kujeru" da kuma "The Maraƙin Zinariya".

Ya taba aiki a matsayin wani sufeto a cikin bincike na Odessa, sa'an nan a cikin Odessa wallafe-wallafe, inda ya gana da Iley Faynzilbergom (alias Ilf), amma sai Valentin kai su Moscow kuma ya ba da ra'ayin wani labari game da Bender. Aka ma ce cewa Kata kuma ya zama samfur.

Yara Fiction

Abin mamaki ishe mu a yau ne rubuta dukan epoch a cikin abin da ya rayu, Valentin Kataev, biography.

Ga yara, ta hanyar, da ya rubuta mai girma yawan labarun da tatsuniyoyi, da yawa daga abin da aka yi kariya, kuma sun kasance sosai m.

Biography Valentin Kataev ne don haka ban sha'awa da kuma ban sha'awa cewa predstalvyaetsya ba zai yiwu a rufe shi duka. Duk da haka, mafi mahimmanci, cewa ya aka ƙaunar da gõdadde. Bayan yaki, ya zama editan "Matasa", kuma zai kula da matasa da basira.

A marubuci za a sosai da farin ciki da aure da Esther Brenner, wanda rayuwa 55 shekaru, da kuma wanda za a yanzu kula da shi da kuma son duk rayuwarsa. Esther ta haifa masa 'ya'ya biyu - ya Eugenia da kuma dan Paul.

Biography Valentin Kataev - yana da dogon hanyar da tafi. A marubuci kasance ko da yaushe a wurin aiki, kuma ya rayu dogon 90 shekaru. Ya mutu da ciwon daji a 1986, Afrilu 12. Kabarinsa ne a cikin Novodevichy hurumi a Moscow.